Engelli Sporcularda Spor Yaralanmaları

Yıl 2018, , 119 - 125, 14.12.2018

Nihal Yılmaz , Meryem Kösehasanoğulları , Mustafa Aladağ

https://doi.org/10.33713/egetbd.476522

Öz

Engelliliğin çoğu formunun insanlarda sedanter yaşam
stiline sebep olmasına rağmen engelli bireyler için düzenli fiziksel
aktiviteden spor yapmaya kadar değişen fırsatlar mevcuttur. Geçtiğimiz yüzyılda
engelli bireylerde spor, medikal rehabilitasyon modelinden yarış sporları
modeline dönüşmüştür. Engelli sporcuların adil rekabetini sağlamak için
sporcuların hareketlerine dayanan fonksiyonel bir sınıflandırma sistemi
kullanılmaktadır. Sporcular rekabet için 1’ den 6’ya kadar engelli kategorisine
ayrılmıştır. Bu kategoriler tekerlekli sandalye atletleri, ampute atletler,
serebral palsili atletler, görme engelli atletler, mental bozukluğu olan
atletler ve diğerleri şeklindedir. Spora katılım beraberinde yaralanma riskinde
artışı da getirmektedir.  Her kategoride
engelliliğin durumuna göre farklı spor yaralanmaları görülür. Spor
yaralanmalarını önlemede ilk basamak yaralanma sıklığının ve derecesinin
belirlemesi, ikinci basamak yaralanma risk faktörleri ve mekanizmalarının
belirlenmesi olarak belirtilmiştir. Literatürde mevcut çalışmalar yaralanma
tanımı konusunda eksiktir. Çalışmalar arasında popülasyon ve metodoloji
konularında önemli farklar vardır. Bazı çalışmalar spor ve yaralanma odaklı,
bazıları ise yaralanma odaklı çalışmalardır. Bu da yaralanma ve spora bağlı
risk faktörlerini ayırmakta zorlanmalara sebep olmaktadır. Bu sebeple bu konuda
metodolojik olarak iyi düzenlenmiş çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Atlet, Engelli Atlet, Spor Yaralanmaları, engelli sporları

Kaynakça

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