Malkara-Keşan (GB Trakya) çevresinde bulunan silisleşmiş ağaçların türlerinin tespiti ve mineralojik-petrografik özellikleri
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4, 309 - 337, 29.12.2020
Burcu Çevik Üner
,
Ünal Akkemik
,
Sabah Yılmaz Şahin
Öz
Trakya Havzası güneybatısında yer alan Malkara-Keşan çevresinde silisleşmiş ağaç örnekleri, Geç Oligosen-Erken Miyosen yaşlı Danişmen Formasyonuna ait karasal sedimanlar içerisinde bulunmaktadır. Türkiye’nin çeşitli bölgelerinde tespit edilen, özellikle Tersiyer yaş aralığındaki silisleşmiş ağaçların oluşumları birbirine benzer özellikte olup, Malkara-Keşan bölgesinde de olduğu gibi bu dönemdeki etkin volkanizma faaliyetleri ve eşzamanlı sedimantasyonla ilişkilidir.
Silisleşmiş ağaç örneklerinde enine, teğet ve radyal yönde kesitler yapılarak, bunlarda polarizan mikroskop altında mineralojik-petrografik çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Silisleşmiş ağaçların tamamına yakınında, silisin çeşitli formlarda geliştiği gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, bu yolla tespit edilen silisin mineral tür ve amorf oluşumları XRD analizleri ile de desteklenmiştir. Buna göre Opal-A, Opal-CT, kalsedon ve kuvars türü amorf/mineralojik oluşumlar saptanmıştır. Silisleşmiş ağaçlardan alınan ince kesitler üzerinde yapılan çalışmalarla fosil ağaç cins/türleri tespit edilerek o dönemin paleobotanik yorumları yapılmıştır. Silisleşmiş ağaç örneklerinin tanısıyla Glyptostroboxylon rudolphii bulgusu, Oligosen-Erken Miyosen döneminde Trakya’da ilk kez, cf. Quercoxylon caucasicum ve cf. Ginkgoxylon lesboense türleri ise Türkiye’de ilk defa bu çalışma ile tanımlanmıştır. Tespit edilen diğer tür ise; Taxodioxylon gypsaceum‘dur. Bu türlerin yaşam ortamları göz önüne alındığında, bölgede Oligosen-ErkenMiyosen dönemlerinde su kenarı-bataklık koşullarının ve subtropikal iklimin hâkim olduğu söylenebilir.
Destekleyen Kurum
İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi (BAP)
Teşekkür
Bu çalışma, İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi (BAP) tarafından desteklenen 33806 numaralı Doktora Tez Projesi kapsamında gerçekleştirilmiştir.
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Determination of the species and mineralogical-petrographical properties of silicified wood in around Malkara-Keşan (SW Thrace)
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4, 309 - 337, 29.12.2020
Burcu Çevik Üner
,
Ünal Akkemik
,
Sabah Yılmaz Şahin
Öz
Silicified wood samples around Malkara-Keşan located in the southwest of the Thrace Basin are found within terrestrial sediments belonging to the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene Danişmen Formation. Tertiary aged silicified woods, defining in various regions of Turkey, are similar features each other and their formation associated with active volcanic activity and coeval sedimentation in this period as it is in Malkara-Keşan region. In silicified wood samples were made as transverse, tangential and radial sections and mineralogical-petrographical studies were carried out under polarizing microscope.
In the nearly all silicified woods it has observed that silica has developed in different forms. Furthermore, the mineral types and amorphous formations of silica which are determined in this way are supported with XRD analyses. Hence, it has been determined Opal-A, Opal-CT, calcedon and quartz type amorphous/mineralogic formations. The paleobotanical interpretations of this time are done by determining fossil wood genus/species with researchs which are done on the thin sections taken from the silicified woods. The Glyptostroboxylon rudolphii finding with the identification of the silicified wood samples is defined for the first time in the Oligocene-Early Miyocene period in Thrace. In addition, the, cf. Quercoxylon caucasicum and cf. Ginkgoxylon lesboense species are also firstly defined with this research in Turkey. Another species which is determined is the Taxodioxylon gypsaceum. Considering the the growing site conditions of these species that it can be said that riparian-swamp conditions and subtropical climate prevailed in the region during Oligocene-Erarly Miocene periods.
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