Tunceli Uzunçayır Barajı Mansap Tarafında Su Kalitesinin Araştırılması ve İzlenmesi

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 19, 596 - 605, 31.08.2020

Emine Işıl Arslan Topal

https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.740012

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Tunceli Uzunçayır Barajından mansaplanan yerüstü sularının su kalitesi belirlendi. Su kalitesinin belirlenmesinin amacı, barajlardan mansaplanan su kütlesinin hangi amaçla kullanılıp kullanılamayacağının değerlendirilmesidir. Bu çerçevede, yüksek kaliteli sular olarak da ifade edilen “çok iyi” su durumunu gösteren sular Sınıf-1 kalitesindeki sular olarak belirtilmektedir. Bu sular içme suyu olma potansiyeli yüksek olan yerüstü suları, yüzme gibi vücut teması gerektirenler dahil rekreasyonel maksatlar için kullanılabilir suları, alabalık üretimi için kullanılabilir nitelikte suları ve hayvan üretimi ve çiftlik ihtiyacı için kullanılabilir nitelikteki suları kapsamaktadır. Az kirlenmiş su olarak da ifade edilen “iyi su” durumunu gösteren sular Sınıf-2 kalitesindeki sular olarak ifade edilmektedir. Bu sular içme suyu olma potansiyeli olan yerüstü sularını, rekreasyonel maksatlar için kullanılabilir nitelikteki suları, alabalık dışında balık üretimi için kullanılabilir nitelikteki suları ve Mer-i mevzuat ile tespit edilmiş olan sulama suyu kalite kriterlerini sağlamak şartıyla sulama suyu olarak kullanılabilecek suları kapsamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yerüstü su örnekleri 2019 yılı Haziran, Temmuz ve Ağustos aylarında alındı ve elde edilen veriler Yerüstü Su Kalitesi Yönetmeliği’nde (YSKY) verilen su kalite değerleriyle mukayese edildi. Analiz sonuçlarına göre pH değerleri 7,92-8,01 arasında değerler aldı ve su kalite sınıfı Sınıf-1 olarak belirlendi. Sıcaklık değerleri 17,2-23,1 oC arasında değişkenlik gösterdi. Elektriksel iletkenlik (Eİ) değerleri 322-384 µS/cm arasında değerler aldı ve su kalite sınıfı Sınıf-1 olarak belirlendi. Nitrat azotu (NO3--N) konsantrasyonları 0,91-1,26 mg/L arasında tespit edildi ve buna göre su kalite sınıfı Sınıf-1 olarak belirlendi. Biyokimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (BOİ5) konsantrasyonları 2,1-3,5 mg/L arasında iken kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (KOİ) konsantrasyonları ise 17,3-25,1 mg/L arasında değerler aldığı belirlendi. Sonuç olarak, Uzunçayır Barajından mansaplanan yerüstü sularının pH, sıcaklık, Eİ, NO3--N, BOİ5 konsantrasyonları açısından Sınıf-1 kalitesinde, KOİ açısından ise Sınıf-2 kalitesinde olduğu tespit edildi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Baraj, Su kalitesi, Tunceli, Uzunçayır, Yerüstü suları

Investigation and Monitoring of The Water Quality at Downstream Side of Tunceli Uzuncayir Dam

Öz

In this study, water quality of surface waters of downstream from Tunceli Uzuncayir Dam was determined. The purpose of determining the water quality is to evaluate for what purpose the water mass downstream from the dams can or can not be used. In this context, waters that show “very good” water status, also referred to as high quality waters, are specified as Class-1 waters. These waters include surface waters with high potential for drinking water, water that can be used for recreational purposes, including those that require body contact, such as swimming, water that can be used for trout production, and water that can be used for animal production and farm needs. The waters showing the status of “good water”, which is also referred to as less polluted water, are referred to as Class-2 quality waters. These waters include surface waters with the potential to be drinking water, waters that can be used for recreational purposes, waters that can be used for fish production other than trout, and waters that can be used as irrigation water provided that they meet the irrigation water quality criteria determined by the regulation. In this study, surface water samples were taken in June, July, and August (Summer) in 2019 and the data obtained were compared with the water quality values given in the Surface Water Quality Regulation (SWQR). According to the results of the analysis, pH values were between 7.92-8.01 and the water quality class was determined as Class-1. Temperature values were show changes between 17.2-23.1oC. The electrical conductivity (EC) values took values between 322-384 µS/cm and the water quality class was determined as Class-1. Nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) concentrations determined between 0.91-1.26 mg/L and according to these results, water quality class was determined as Class-1. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) concentrations were between 2.1-3.5 mg/L while chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations ranged between 17.3-25.1 mg/L. As a result, it was determined that surface waters of downstream from Uzunçayır Dam are Class-1 quality in terms of pH, temperature, EC, NO3--N, BOD5 concentrations and Class-2 quality in terms of COD. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dam, Water quality, Tunceli, Uzuncayir, Surface waters

Kaynakça

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