Determination of Variability for Grain Yield and Quality Traits in Gamma-Ray Irradiated Bread Wheat Populations

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 68 - 73, 01.07.2021

Kayıhan Korkut , İsmet Başer , Oğuz Bilgin , Alpay Balkan , Birol Deviren

Öz

The s tudy was carried out in the experimental area of the Field Crops Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Namik
Kemal University in the growing season of 2011-12. In the s tudy, grain yield and its components and some quality traits
such as 1000 grain weight, wet gluten content, gluten index, sedimentation value and protein content were inves tigated.
The results exhibited significant differences among the tes ted genotypes, for all s tudied characters except spike length,
indicating genetic variation among them. The genetic variation was higher for grain yield and its components when compared
with quality characteris tics. These differences show that the effects of increasing gamma irradiation are not sys tematically
negative for plant height, while positive for all other characters in comparison with controls. In general, it is unders tood
that the highes t percent changes are achieved in 200 and 250 Gy of gamma radiation doses for yield components, while
are in 300-350 Gy for the quality characteris tics. The values of phenotypic coefficient of variation PCV were slightly
higher than their corresponding values of GCV for all traits. Moderate es timates of genotypic coefficient of variation GCV
were obtained by grain yield (12.50%), gluten content (11.20%) and grain weight per spike (10.20%), respectively. Low
es timates of GCV (less than 10) were recorded for the other characters inves tigated. The h2 values ranged from 37.3%, for
sedimentation value, and 86.6%, for plant height, while the values of GA% ranged between 0.09 and 593.0.5% at 10%
selection intensity for grain weight per spike and grain yield, respectively. The high values of heritability coupled with
high values of genetic advance (%) were recorded by plant height, indicates the importance of the additive gene effects,
so, selection would be effective in early generations for the trait. The high values of heritability coupled with moderate
values of genetic advance (%) for harves t index and gluten index indicate selection would be a delay in later generations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bread wheat, gamma rays, yield, quality, mutated population

Kaynakça

• Albokari MM, Khashoggi AJ and Almuwalid MA, (2015). Evaluation of some local wheat landraces treated with different doses of gamma rays in Saudi Arabia. Pakistan Journal of Biotechnology, 12(1): 63–72.
• Allard RW, (1999). Principals of Plant Breeding. 2nd ed. New York: John Wiley&Sons. Amer IM, Shabana R, Allah AAH and Azzam CR, (2001). Evaluation of sunflower irradiated populations in M4 and M5 generations. Second Plant Breeding Conference, Agronomy Dep. Faculty of Agric. Assuit University, 2nd October. pp. 41-60.
• Baloch MJ, Baloch E, Jatoi WA and Veesar NF, (2013). Correlations and heritability estimates of yield and yield attributing traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Pak. J. Agri., Eng., Vet. Sci. 29(2): 96-105.
• Borojevic S, (1990). Mutations in plant breeding. In: Borojevic, S. (Eds.), Principles and Methods of Plant Breeding. Elsevier Science Publishing Co. Inc., New York, 252-262.
• Brunner, (1991). Methods of induction of mutations. In: Mandal, A. K., Ganguli, P. K., Banerjee, S.P. (Eds.), Advances in Plant Breeding. CBS Publishers and Distributors, Delhi, 187-220. , Chen L, Li JN, Wang R, Zhang XK and Tang ZL, (1997). Effects of 60Co gamma-rays on the germinating ability of yellow-seeded rape (Brassica napus L.) with different genetic backgrounds. Oil Crops of China 19(4):7-10.
• Deshmukh SN, Basu MS and Reddy PS, (1986). Genetic variability, character association and path coefficients of quantitative traits in Virginia bunch varieties of groundnut. Indian J. Agric. Sci., 56:816-821.
• Dhillon SS, Singh K and Brar KS, (1999). Stability analysis of elite strains in Indian mustard. 10th International Rapeseed Congress, September 1999 at Canberra, Australia, pp:26-29.
• Galal S, Ibrahim AF, Abdel-Hamid AM and Mahmoud IM, (1975). Morphogenetical studies on the M2 and M3 populations of wheat (Triticum aestivum spp. vulgare L.) after seed irradiation with Gamma rays. Plant Breeding 74:189-198.
• Gebeyehu S and Assefa H, (2003). Genotype x environment interaction and stability analysis of seed yield in Navy bean genotypes. African Crop Sci. J. 11(1):1-7. Hanson GH, Robinson HF and Comstock RE, (1956). Biometrical studies on yield in segregating populations of Korean Lespidiza. Agron. J. 48:268-272. Ibrahim AF and Sharaan AN, (1974). Studies on certain early barley mutants in M3 and M4 generations after seed irradiation with gamma rays. Plant Breeding 73:44-57.
• International Atomic Energy Agency, (2018) Mutant varieties database. [Online] Vienna: IAEA. Available at: https://mvd.iaea.org [Accessed 6 April 2018].
• Jankowicz-Cieslak J, Mba C, Jankowicz-Cieslak J, Mba C and Till BJ, (2017) Mutagenesis for crop breeding and functional genomics. In Biotechnologies for Plant Mutation Breeding (Jankowicz-Cieslak, J., Tai, T., Kumlehn, J. and Till, B., eds), pp:3-18, Cham:Springer. Johnson HW, Robinson HF and Comstock RE, (1955). Estimation of genetic and environmental variability in soybean. Agron. J. 47:314-318.
• Kashif M and Khaliq I, (2004). Heritability, correlation and path coefficient analysis for some metric traits in wheat. Int. J. Agri. Biol., 6(1):138-142.
• Konzak CF, (1987). Mutations and mutation breeding. In: E.G. Heyne (ed.), Wheat and Wheat Improvement, Second Edition, pp:428-443, ASA. CSSA. SSSA. Inc. Press, Madison, WI, USA. Laghari KA, Sial MA, Arain MA, Mirbahar AA, Pirzada AJ, Dahot MU and Mangrio SM, (2010). Heritability studies of yield and yield associated traits in Bread Wheat. Pak.J.Bot. 42(1):111-115.
• Mac Key J, (1984). Selection problems and objectives in mutation breeding. Joint FAO/IAEA Div. of Isotope and Radiation Applications of Atomic Energy for Food and Agricultural Development, Vienna (Austria); Panel proceedings series; 180 p; ISBN 92-0-111284-X; 1984; pp:35-48; IAEA; Vienna (Austria); Consultants meeting on selection in mutation breeding; Vienna (Austria); 21-25 Jun 1982.
• Roychowdhury R and Tah J, (2013). Mutagenesis a potential approach for crop improvement. In: Hakeem KR, Ahmad P, Ozturk M, editors. Crop improvement: new approaches and modern techniques. New York (NY): Springer; pp:149- 187. Scossiroli RE, (1977). Mutations in characters with a continuous variation. In: Manual on Mutation Breeding. 2nd Ed., IAEA, Tech. Rep. Ser. No: 119, Vienna. pp:118-123.
• Shabana R, Amer IM, Taha RS and Azzam CR, (1994). Variability, Heritability and expected genetic advance in irradiated and non-irradiated populations of sunflower after two cycles of mass selection for short stature. Annals Agric. Sci., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, 39(1):249-256.
• Shu QY, Forster BP and Nakagava H, (2013). Plant mutation breeding and biotechnology. Vienna: CABI publishing. Singh BD, (2001). Plant Breeding: Principles and Methods. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, India, pp:896. Subramaniam S and Menon, (1973). Inheritance of short stature in rice. Madras Agriculture Journal 60:1129-1133.
• Tammam AM, Ali SA and El-Sayed EAM, (2000). Phenotypic, genotypic correlation and path coefficient analysis in some bread wheat crosses. Assiut. J. Agric. Sci., 31(3):73-85.