A MULTI-STAGE EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS FOR SUSTAINABLE SUPPLIER EVALUATION: AN APPLICATION IN A FOOD COMPANY

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 3, 357 - 411, 31.12.2023

Hatice Kavak , Beyza Çayır Ervural

https://doi.org/10.46465/endustrimuhendisligi.1291737

Öz

The volatile structure of the economy market in recent times, where competition conditions have become increasingly difficult, shows that it is important to cooperate with the right suppliers. The importance of the food industry has been understood once again in the pandemic process, which has affected all humanity, and the seriousness of food supply, food safety and food hygiene issues has been understood. This has led to a reassessment of the entire supply chain mechanism. For this reason, the correct evaluation of supplier activities and the analysis of their performance are the basic steps for successful decisions.
In this study, the performance of milk packaging material suppliers is evaluated objective methods by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index (MTFPI) methods of a company operating in the food industry. In addition, with the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, the importance levels of all suppliers are listed depending on expert opinions. A three-stage model is proposed in the study. In the first stage, linear programming-based DEA model was utilized to measure the relative performance of decision-making units when there are multiple inputs and outputs. In the second stage, comparisons were made by ranking the suppliers with the AHP method. In the third stage, MTFPI was employed for the 2018-2021 period in order to see the efficiency changes of the related suppliers over time.
The data of twenty suppliers belonging to the company were evaluated, input variables were considered as price, delivery time, order fulfillment rate, and output variables were evaluated as delivery performance, flexibility and environmental sensitivity. At this stage, four different models were introduced in order to see how they give results under different criteria groups. Each model was assessed with the Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes (CCR), Banker, Charnes and Cooper (BCC) and Super Efficiency approaches. The obtained results serve as a guide for the future steps of the company and support a holistic evaluation of company’s supplier process.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sustainable Supplier Assessment, Efficiency Analysis, Data Envelopment Analysis, Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index, AHP

SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR TEDARİKÇİ DEĞERLENDİRME İÇİN ÇOK AŞAMALI BİR ETKİNLİK ANALİZİ: BİR GIDA İŞLETMESİNDE UYGULAMA

Öz

Rekabet koşullarının giderek zorlaştığı son dönemlerde ekonomi piyasasındaki oynak yapı, doğru tedarikçiler ile iş birliği yapmanın önemli olduğunu göstermektedir. Tüm insanlığı etkisi altına alan pandemi sürecinde gıda sektörünün önemi bir kez daha anlaşılmış ve gıda arzı, gıda güvenliği ve gıda hijyeni konularının ciddiyeti anlaşılmıştır. Bu durum tüm tedarik zinciri mekanizmasını yeniden değerlendirilmesine yola açmıştır. Bu nedenle, tedarikçi etkinliklerinin doğru biçimde değerlendirilmesi, performanslarının analiz edilmesi alınacak kararların başarılı olması açısından temel adımı oluşturmaktadır.

Bu çalışmada, gıda sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir işletmenin Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) ve Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimlilik Endeksi (MTFVE) yöntemleri kullanılarak süt ambalaj malzemesi tedarikçilerinin performansları değerlendirilmektedir. Ayrıca Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) yöntemi ile de uzman görüşlerine bağlı olarak tüm tedarikçilerin önem dereceleri sıralanmıştır. Çalışmada üç aşamalı bir model önerilmiştir. İlk aşamada birden çok girdi ve çıktının bulunduğu durumlarda karar verme birimlerinin göreli performanslarını ölçmeye yarayan doğrusal programlama tabanlı VZA’dan yararlanılmıştır. İkinci aşamada AHP yöntemi ile tedarikçilerin sıralanması sağlanarak karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Üçüncü aşamada ise ilgili tedarikçilerin zaman içerisindeki etkinlik değişimlerini görebilmek amacıyla 2018-2021 döneminde MTFVE’den yararlanılmıştır.

İşletmeye ait yirmi tedarikçinin verileri değerlendirilmiş, girdi değişkenleri fiyat, teslim süresi, sipariş karşılama oranı olarak ele alınmış, çıktı değişkenleri ise kalite, teslimat performansı, esneklik ve çevresel duyarlılık olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Buna göre önerilen dört farklı model ile Charnes, Cooper ve Rhodes (CCR), Banker, Charnes ve Cooper (BCC), ve Süper Etkinlik yaklaşımları ile değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, işletmenin ileriye dönük atacağı adımlarda yol gösterici olma niteliği taşımakta ve işletmenin tedarikçi değerlendirme sürecini bütüncül bir yaklaşımla desteklemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sürdürülebilir Tedarikçi Değerlendirme, Etkinlik Analizi, Veri Zarflama Analizi, Malmquist Toplam Faktör Verimlilik Endeksi, AHP

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