Uluslararası Siyaset Sosyolojisi, Biyo-iktidar ve Salgın Hastalıklar

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: Özel Sayı, 240 - 256, 26.12.2020

Ali Fuat Birol

https://doi.org/10.30784/epfad.813522

Öz

2020 yılının ilk aylarında küresel bir sağlık krizine dönüşen Kovid-19 salgını, toplum ile birey arasındaki ilişkinin siyasal, toplumsal ve biyolojik boyutlarının tekrardan altını çizerken, bu ilişkilerin uluslararası ilişkiler analizi tarafından daha fazla dikkate alınması gerekliliğini bize göstermiştir. Salgın hastalık, bireyin vücudunda gerçekleşen bir olgu olmasına rağmen, toplumsal boyutuyla dikkat çekmektedir. Uluslararası ilişkiler disiplininde günden güne artan bir ilginin odağında olan uluslararası siyaset sosyolojisi, sosyal teori ve uluslararası ilişkiler disiplinini birbirine yakınlaştırırken, Kovid-19 sürecini anlamamız için bize yeni entelektüel araçlar sağlamaktadır. Bu araçların başında, birey ile toplum arasındaki ilişkilerin hem siyasal ve toplumsal boyutlarını hem de biyolojik boyutlarını dikkate alan biyo-iktidar kavramı gelmektedir. Fransız düşünür Michel Foucault tarafından ortaya atılan bu kavram, iktidarın yeni bir alanı olarak sağlığın ve insan biyolojisinin altını çizer ve ana akım uluslararası ilişkiler kuramlarının ve çalışmaların dikkatinden kaçan egemenliğin yeni bir modelinin ortaya çıkışını görmemize yardımcı olur. Bu bağlamda, çalışmada uluslararası ilişkilerde değişen iç/dış ikiliği dikkate alınarak, bu iktidar modeli ve gelişen sağlık güvenliği ekseninde Türkçe Uluslararası İlişkiler literatürüne katkı yapmaya çalışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uluslararası İlişkiler Kuramları, Salgın Hastalıklar, Biyo-iktidar, Uluslararası Siyaset Sosyolojisi

International Political Sociology, Biopower and Epidemics

Öz

The Covid-19 outbreak, which turned into a global health crisis in 2020, once again underlined the political, social and biological dimensions of the relationship between the society and the individual and also shows us the necessity of international relations analysis that takes these relations into account. Although epidemic disease is a phenomenon that occurs in the body of the individual, it draws attention with its social dimension. International Political Sociology (IPS), which is at the focus of increasing interest in the discipline of international relations, provides us with new intellectual tools to understand Covid-19 while building a bridge between social theory and the discipline of international relations. One of these tools is the concept of bio-power, which takes into account both the political and social dimensions of the relationship between the individual and the society, as well as its biological dimensions. This concept, introduced by French philosopher Michel Foucault, underscores health and human biology as a new domain of power and helps us see the emergence of a new model of sovereignty that has escaped the attention of mainstream international relations theories and studies. In this context, in this paper, we will attempt to contribute to the international relations literature in Turkish within the axis of such model of power and health security developed in years, considering the changing inside/outside dichotomy in international relations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

International Relations Theories, International Political Sociology, Pandemics/Epidemics, Biopower

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