Chinese organizational culture: An evaluation from past to present

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 54, 367 - 391, 31.12.2019

Tülin Tunç

https://doi.org/10.18070/erciyesiibd.536888

Öz

China, with a long history
of 5000 years and social life dominated by traditional and cultural values, has
begun to experience changes from the beginning of the 20th century. The
expiration of the empire in 1911, Mao’s announcement of People’s Republic of
China and effects of communism in 1949; Deng’s outward projected policies in
1978; and transition to free market economy in 1992 prepared the basis of
striking changes. In historical perspective, especially from the beginning of
the 21st century, China has become a leading power in the world economy.

In China which exposes to
western values and management approaches through outward policies, it seems
that changes in business practices and organizational culture are inevitable.
This study reveals the effects of Chinese national culture, guanxi which has
been a prominent cultural symbol, and the effects of organizational
characteristics on organizational culture of China and their reflections on
Chinese worklife in a perspective from now to nearly 2000 years of economical
and historical background.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chinese Organizational Culture, Confucianism, Taoism, Guanxi, Chinese Business Culture

Çin örgüt kültürü: Geçmişten bugüne bir değerlendirme

Öz

5000 yıllık uzun bir tarihi
geçmişe sahip olan ve sosyal yaşamını geleneksel ve kültürel değerlerin domine
ettiği Çin, özellikle 20. yüzyılın başlarından itibaren değişim yaşamaya
başlamıştır. 1911’de imparatorluk döneminin sona ermesi, 1949’da Mao’nun Çin
Halk Cumhuriyeti’ni ilan etmesi ve komünizmin etkisi, 1978’de Deng’in dışa
açılım politikaları ve 1992’de serbest piyasa ekonomisine geçilmesi, çarpıcı
değişimlere zemin hazırlamıştır. Özellikle 21. yüzyılın başlarından itibaren
Çin, dünya ekonomisinde söz sahibi bir güç haline gelme durumundadır.

Dışa açılımla birlikte batı
değerleri ve yönetim anlayışlarıyla tanışan Çin’de, iş yaşamı uygulamalarının
ve örgüt kültürünün etkilenmesi kaçınılmaz görünmektedir. Bu çalışma, Çin’in yaklaşık 2000 yıllık tarihsel
ve ekonomik geçmişinden bugüne, Çin ulusal kültürü, önde gelen kültürel sembol
olan guanxi’si ve iş örgütlerinin karakteristiklerinin örgüt kültürü üzerindeki
etkilerini ve bunun iş yaşamındaki yansımalarını dönemler itibariyle ortaya
koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çin örgüt kültürü, Konfüçyüsçülük, Taoizm, Guanxi, çin iş kültürü

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