Trap Bar Deadlift ve Glute Drive Hip Thrust Hareketlerinin Hız Temelli Antrenman Metodu ile Karşılaştırması

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 1 - 14, 27.06.2024

Burak Karala , Meltem Düzgün , İmren Kurtdere , Furkan Övün , Orkun Akkoç , Bülent Kayıtken

https://doi.org/10.29228/ERISS.41

Öz

Araştırmada amaç, hız temelli direnç antrenman metoduyla gerçekleştirilen Trap Bar Deadlift (TBDL) ve Glute Drive Hip Thrust (GDHT) hareketleri sırasında üretilen güç, hız ve dikey sıçrama performansları üzerindeki akut etkilerin araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmada gruplar seçkisiz ve rastgele oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmaya 18-35 yaş arası 16 gönüllü erkek katılmıştır. 1 Tekrar Maksimum (1 TM) belirlendikten sonra katılımcıların kaldırdıkları maksimum ağırlığın %85’i yük ile 1 set, 6 tekrar, 0,5-0,75 m/sn hızda katılımcılar egzersizleri gerçekleştirmişlerdir. İstatistik analizler SPSS 28 paket programı ile yapılmıştır. Normal dağılıma uygunluğun değerlendirilmesinde Kolmogorov Smirnov, Shapiro Wilk testi ve basıklık çarpıklık testleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan katılımcıların yaş 27,53±7,52 yıl, boy 181±7,49 m, vücut ağırlığı 85,30±10,24 kg, dikey sıçrama ilk ölçüm 33,17±2,95 cm, dikey sıçrama son ölçüm 35,54±2,01 cm, dikey sıçrama güç ilk ölçüm 4547,13±915,37 watt, dikey sıçrama güç son ölçüm 4696,3±825,08 watt, maksimum kuvvet 177,40±39,16 kg, Ortalama itici hız (MPV) 0,49±0,11 m/sn, Ortalama hız 0,51±0,08 m/sn, maksimum Güç VBT 1260,0±344,89 watt olarak bulunmuştur. TBDL yapanların dikey sıçrama ön test, son test sonuçları incelendiğinde; her iki grubun ön test son test dikey sıçrama ve güç testlerinde anlamlı artış bulunmuştur. Çalışmamızda diz baskın TBDL ve kalça baskın GTHT hareketleri sonrasında da dikey sıçrama yüksekliğinde artış gözlemlenmiştir. Her iki hareket sonrasında sıçrama yüksekliğinde ortaya çıkan artışların benzer olduğu görülmüştür. Hareket sırasında ortaya çıkan güç üretimi değerlendirildiğinde ise kalça baskın GTHT hareketinde güç üretiminin diz baskın TBDL egzersizine göre daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fitness, Güç, Hız Temelli Antrenman, Dikey sıçrama

Etik Beyan

Bu araştırma için Nişantaşı Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Etik Kurulundan 2022/22 toplantı sayısı ile onay alınmıştır.

Comparison of Trap Bar Deadlift and Glute Drive Hip Thrust Movements with Speed-Based Training Method

Öz

The aim of the study was to investigate the acute effects on power, speed and vertical jump performances produced during Trap Bar Deadlift (TBDL) and Glute Drive Hip Thrust (GDHT) movements performed with a speed-based resistance training method. Sixteen male volunteers aged 18-35 years participated in the study. After determining 1 Repetition Maximum (1RM), the participants performed 1 set, 6 repetitions, at a speed of 0.5-0.75 m/sec with a load of 85% of the maximum weight lifted by the participants. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 28 package program. Kolmogorov Smirnov, Shapiro Wilk test and kurtosis-skewness tests were used to evaluate the conformity to normal distribution. The age of the participants in the study was 27,53±7,52 years, height 181±7,49 m, body weight 85,30±10,24 kg, vertical jump first measurement 33,17±2,95 cm, vertical jump last measurement 35,54±2,01 cm, vertical jump power first measurement 4547, 13±915.37 watts, vertical jump power last measurement 4696.3±825.08 watts, maximum force 177.40±39.16 kg, mean propulsive velocity (MPV) 0.49±0.11 m/sec, mean speed 0.51±0.08 m/sec, maximum power VBT 1260.0±344.89 watts. When the vertical jump pre-test and post-test results of the TBDL performers were analyzed; a significant increase was found in the pre-test and post-test vertical jump and power tests of both groups. In our study, an increase in vertical jump height was also observed after knee dominant TBDL and hip dominant GTHT movements. It was observed that the increases in jump height after both movements were similar. When the power production during the movement was evaluated, it was found that the power production was higher in the hip-dominant GTHT movement than in the knee-dominant TBDL exercise.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fitness, strenght, Speed- Base Training, Vertical Jump

Kaynakça

• ACSM (2009). Progression Models in Resistance Training for Healthy Adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 22, 179-182.
• Alves, R. R., Viana, R. B., Silva, M. H., Guimaraes, T. C., Vieira, C. A., de AT Santos, D., ve Gentil, P. R. (2021). Postactivation potentiation improves performance in a resistance training session in trained men. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 35(12), 3296-3299. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003367
• Andersen, V., Fimland, M. S., Mo, D. A., Iversen, V. M., Vederhus, T., Hellebø, L. R. R. ve Saeterbakken, A. H. (2018). Electromyographic comparison of barbell deadlift, hex bar deadlift, and hip thrust exercises: a cross-over study. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 32(3), 587-593. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001826
• Azeem, K., Zemková, E. (2022). Effects of isometric and isotonic training on health-related fitness components in young adults. Applied Sciences, 12(17), 8682, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12178682
• Banyard, H. G., Tufano, J. J., Weakley, J. J., Wu, S., Jukic, I. ve Nosaka, K. (2020). Superior changes in jump, sprint, and change-of-direction performance but not maximal strength following 6 weeks of velocity-based training compared with 1-repetition-maximum percentage-based training. International Journal of Sports Physiology And Performance, 16(2), 232-242. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2019-0999
• Baena-Marín, M., Rojas-Jaramillo, A., González-Santamaría, J., Rodríguez-Rosell, D., Petro, J. L., Kreider, R. B., Bonilla, D. A. (2022). Velocity-Based resistance training on 1-rm, jump and sprint performance: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. Sports, 10(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports10010008
• Carbone, L., Garzón, M., Chulvi-Medrano, I., Bonilla, D., Alonso, D., Benítez-Porres, J., ve Vargas-Molina, S. (2020). Effects of heavy barbell hip thrust vs back squat on subsequent sprint performance in rugby players. Biology of Sport, 37(4), 325-331. https://doi.org/ 10.5114/biolsport.2020.96316
• Chatzopoulos, D. E., Michailidis, C. J., Giannakos, A. K., Alexiou, K. C., Patikas, D. A., Antonopoulos, C. B., Kotzamanidis, C. M. (2007). Postactivation potentiation effects after heavy resistance exercise on running speed. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 21(4), 1278-1281. https://doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200711000-00051
• Chelly, M. S., Hermassi, S. ve Shephard, R. J. (2010). Relationships between power and strength of the upper and lower limb muscles and throwing velocity in male handball players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(6), 1480-1487. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181d32fbf
• Dello Iacono, A., Seitz, L. B. (2018). Hip thrust-based PAP effects on sprint performance of soccer players: heavy-loaded versus optimum-power development protocols. Journal of Sports Sciences, 36(20), 2375-2382. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/02640414.2018.1458400
• Dolezal, S. M., Frese, D. L., Lewellyn, T. L. (2016). The effects of eccentric, velocity-based training on strength and power in collegiate athletes. International Journal of Exercise Science, 9(5), 657.
• Dorrell, H. F., Smith, M. F. ve Gee, T. I. (2020). Comparison of velocity-based and traditional percentage-based loading methods on maximal strength and power adaptations. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 34(1), 46-53. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003089
• Eryılmaz, S. K. (2023). Sporcularda güç gelişimi ve antrenman prensipleri. Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(3), 99-106. http://cuspor.cumhuriyet.edu.tr/tr/download/article-file/2774729.
• Fritschi, R., Seiler, J., Gross, M. (2021). Validity and effects of placement of velocity-based training devices. Sports (Basel), 9(9), 123. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports9090123
• González-Badillo, J. J., Sánchez-Medina, L., Ribas-Serna, J., Rodríguez-Rosell, D. (2022). Toward a new paradigm in resistance training by means of velocity monitoring: A Critical and Challenging Narrative. Sports Medicine-Open, 8(1), 1-24. https://doi.org10.1186/s40798-022-00513-z
• Guerriero, A., Varalda, C., Piacentini, M. F. (2018). The role of velocity based training in the strength periodization for modern athletes. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, 3(4), 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk3040055
• Haff, G. G., Nimphius, S. (2012). Training Principles for Power, Strength and Conditioning Journal. 34(6), 2-12. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0b013e31826db467
• Jukic, I., Castilla, A. P., Ramos, A. G., Van Hooren, B., Mc Guigan, M. R., Helms, E. R. (2023). The acute and chronic effects of implementing velocity loss thresholds during resistance training: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and critical evaluation of the literature. Sports Medicine, 53(1), 177-214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-022-01754-4
• Kraemer W. J., Fry A.C. (1995). Strength testing: development and evaluation of methodology. Physiological assessment of human fitness. Human Kinetics.
• Krzysztofik, M., Kalinowski, R., Trybulski, R., Filip-Stachnik, A., Stastny, P. (2021). Enhancement of countermovement jump performance using a heavy load with velocity-loss repetition control in female volleyball players. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21), 11530. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111530
• Ladislau, V. C. R. (2023). Effects of Velocity-Based Training and Resistance Training on Acute Recovery Based on Sport-Specific Performance in Soccer Players. Arkansas State University.
• Matthews, M. J., Comfort, P., Crebin, R. (2010). Complex training in ice hockey: the effects of a heavy resisted sprint on subsequent ice-hockey sprint performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 24(11), 2883–2887. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e7253c
• Newton, R., Kraemer, W.,J. (1994). Developing Explosive Muscular Power: Implications for a Mixed Methods Training Strategy. Strength and Conditioning Journal. 16(5), 20-31.
• Riscart-López, J., Rendeiro-Pinho, G., Mil-Homens, P., Soares-daCosta, R., Loturco, I., Pareja-Blanco, F., León-Prados, J., A. (2021). Effects of Four Different Velocity-Based Training Programming Models on Strength Gains and Physical Performance. Strength and Conditioning Journal. 35(3), 96-603. https://doi.org/ 10.1519/JSC.0000000000003934
• Sperlich, P. F., Behringer, M., Mester, J. (2015). The effects of resistance training interventions on vertical jump performance in basketball players: a meta-analysis. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 56(7-8), 874-883.
• Swinton, P. A., Stewart, A., Agouris, I., Keogh, J. W. ve Lloyd, R. (2011). A biomechanical analysis of straight and hexagonal barbell deadlifts using submaximal loads. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(7), 2000-2009.
• Seitz, L. B., Haff, G. G. (2016). Factors modulating post-activation potentiation of jump, sprint, throw, and upper-body ballistic performances: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 46: 231–240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0415-7
• Weakley, J., Mann, B., Banyard, H., McLaren, S., Scott, T., Garcia-Ramos, A. (2021). Velocity-based training: From theory to application. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 43(2), 31-49. https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000560.
• Wilson, M. T., Macgregor, L. J., Fyfe, J., Hunter, A. M., Hamilton, D. L., Gallagher, I. J. (2022). Bayesian analysis of changes in standing horizontal and vertical jump after different modes of resistance training. Journal of Sports Sciences, 40(15), 1700-1711. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2022.2100676.
• Zhang, X., Feng, S., Peng, R., Li, H. (2022). The role of velocity-based training (vbt) in enhancing athletic performance in trained ındividuals: A Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials. International Journal of Environmental Research And Public Health, 19(15), 9252. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159252.