Political teaching as a core field in increasing the effectiveness of public administration education: the role of learning case analysis

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 46, 267 - 287, 30.06.2019

Ümmühan Kaygısız

Öz

Politics is the foundation of public administration. This inevitable reality is the reason for the existence of the discipline (the raison d'etre). According to Aristotle, politics is about the administration of the state which aims to “live a good life”. Aristotle describes politics as the art of realizing the most supreme and most meaningful activity and happiness.In the early ages the politics which started to gain meaning with the dialogues and the dialogues of the philosophers in the early ages, It has come.
In the era of public administration we have come to the center of politics. Effective teaching of public administration requires not only to serve centrality of politics but also to teach politics as an integral part of the public administration curriculum. This is important. Because politics is affecting management. Citizens are predisposed to know the political process to manage their participation.
Political education can be evaluated in a wide range. Some of the topics covered in political education are as follows:
Philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle, socialist theoreticians such as Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau, who designed the modern democratic state, and the 20th century philosopher Karl Marx, great political ideas (freedom, equality, justice, rights, common good), the roots of modern democracy, capitalism, liberalism new movements, such as arguments about conservatism, nationalism, anarchism and communism, justice problems and the function of the state, war and morality, feminism, multiculturalism, postmodernism and environmentalism.
Today, although the techniques used in teaching politics are not very different, alternative methods have emerged with the influence of the digital age. Political schools, courses, digital and online politics and strategy games are some of these, aside from higher education institutions. But the case study is also an important way to improve the effectiveness of the public administration and political science departments in the academic field. Case analysis is a case study involving specific facts and data. It is called “case analysis” to determine and position the situation, to produce different solutions and to make decisions.
As an effective method of strengthening class discussions within the scope of political education, case studies force students to think actively about the topic being discussed, but also provide a study guide. The most important of the case analysis is that it presents something different than the usual speaking and discussion routine.
Encouraging learning through case discussions and the use of cases requires important qualifications. Requirements for case teaching: More psychological preparation, comprehensive understanding of the case and basic problems, the ability to debate, prejudice and prejudice to put aside, patience, to control or clarify the learning without the ability to control, is willing and practical.
Planning a case discussion provides three topics: content management, time management and quality learning experience. There are a wide range of topics in the field of political science that can be a case.
Case studies can be applied from the most micro-scale to the most macro-level of political phenomena. In this context, at the micro level, outstanding political personalities (political leaders such as Lincoln, Stalin, Gandhi, Mandela) and certain leadership positions and small leadership groups (such as the president of the American government, the prime minister of the British government, the operational code of the Soviet leadership, etc.) can be used. Beyond this level, there are similar cases for transnational phenomena at the macro level. For example, special processes and organizations for transnational integration, special systems of international policies, special crises in international relations, olitical ideologies, movements, states, political parties, political leaders, elections, laws, state policies, such as the European Union, migration and refugee approaches, the first space in space, the Venezuelan crisis, current problems such as the action of yellow vests in France, etc. a lot of issues can be handled as a case. .
As explained, the case method makes a positive difference in terms of framing and analyzing problems, increasing one’s communication skills, gaining writing skills, knowledge of the community in general and subject area knowledge, in other words, in the context of students in the field.
It was aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of public administration education in the study and to highlight the role of case studies in facilitating and facilitating the teaching of politics and politics. In this context, a large-scale literature review was conducted. Firstly, the history, characteristics and application process of case studies are given and then case studies are examined in political science. In the light of the given examples, an evaluation was made and the subjects that posed a positive difference in political science were explained.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Public Administration, Politics, Case Analysis

Kamu yönetimi eğitiminin etkinliğinin artırılmasında çekirdek alan olarak siyaset öğretimi: vaka analizlerinin öğrenmedeki rolü

Öz

Siyaset kamu yönetiminin temelindedir. Bu kaçınılmaz gerçeklik, disiplinin (the raison d’etre) var olma sebebidir. Aristo’ya göre siyaset “iyi yaşamayı” sağlamayı amaçlayan devlet yönetimi ile ilgili işlerdir. Bu kapsamda devlet “en iyiyi” sağlama temel amacındadır. Görüldüğü gibi Aristo, siyaseti en yüce ve en anlamlı faaliyet ve mutluluğu gerçekleştirme sanatı olarak tanımlamaktadır. İlk çağlarda meydanlarda gerçekleştirilen söyleşiler ve filozofların karşılıklı diyalogları ile anlam kazanmaya başlayan siyaset günümüzde oldukça başka bir noktaya gelmiştir.
Geldiğimiz çağda kamu yönetimi alanı içerisinde siyaset merkezde konumlanmıştır. Kamu yönetiminin etkili öğretimi, yalnızca siyasetin merkezciliğine hizmet etmeyi değil, aynı zamanda siyaseti kamu yönetimi müfredatının ayrılmaz bir parçası olarak öğretmeyi de gerektirir. Bu durum önemlidir. Çünkü siyaset yönetimi etkilemektedir. Vatandaş katılımını yönetmek için siyaset sürecini bilmeyi öncelemektedir.
Günümüzde siyaset öğretiminde kullanılan teknikler çok farklılaşmasa da dijital çağın da etkisiyle alternatif metodlar ortaya çıkmıştır. Yükseköğrenim kurumlarının dışında açılan siyaset okulları, kursları, dijital ve online siyaset ve strateji oyunları bunlardan bazılarıdır. Fakat akademik alanda kamu yönetimi ve siyaset bilimi bölümlerinin etkinliğini arttırmada vaka analizleri de birçok alanda olduğu gibi önemli bir yöntemdir. Vaka analizi, belli gerçekler ve verileri içeren durum çalışması olup durumun tespiti ve konumlandırılması, farklı çözümler üretilmesi ve karar alınması da “vaka analizi” şeklinde adlandırılmaktadır.
Çalışmada kamu yönetimi eğitiminin etkinliğinin artırılmasında siyaset öğretiminin önemini ve siyaset öğretimini kolaylaştırma ve etkinleştirme bağlamında da vaka analizlerinin rolünü ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Siyaset, kamu yönetimi, vaka analizi

Kaynakça

• ALMOND, G. A., VERBA, S. (1963) The Civic Culture; Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations, Princeton (New Jersey): Princeton University Press.ANDERSON, Jonathan (2002) An Essay on Teaching Politics as the Core of Public Administration: The Missing Piece, by Snova Books, An Imprint of Nova Science Publishers, Inc. 3-13, Editor Stuart S. Nagel, Teaching Public Administration And Public PolicyBEHN, ROBERT D. (1993).”Case Analysis Research and Managerial Effectiveness: Learning How to Lead Organizations Up Sand Dunes.” In Public Management: The State of the Art, ed. Barry Bozeman. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, LYNN JR, Laurence E. (1999) Teaching and Learning with Cases A Guidebook, The University of Chicago, by Chatham House Publishers of Seven Bridges Press, LLCCHRISTENSEN, C. R., & HANSEN, A. J. (1987). Teaching and the Case Method. Boston: Harvard Business School.
• KIMBALL, BRUCE A. (1995). “The Emergence of Case Method Teaching, 1870s-1990s: A Search for Legitimate Pedagogy.” The Poynter Center for the Study of Ethics and American Institutions, Indiana University, April.
• STEIN, HAROLD (1952). Public Administration and Policy Development: A Case Book. New York: Harcourt, Brace,
• HATCH, J. A. (2002). Doing qualitative research in education settings. Albany: State University of New York Press.
• HANCOCK, DAWSON R. ve ALGOZZINE, BOB (2006) Doing Case Study Research A Practical Guide for Beginning Researchers, Published by Teachers College Press, 1234 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027