SOVYET ASKERİ ENDÜSTRİYEL KOMPLEKSİ VE SOSYAL İKTİDAR

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 37 - 53, 01.07.2020

Özgür Budak

https://doi.org/10.18354/esam.736148

Öz

Askeri endüstriyel kompleks kavramı bütçeden yapılan askeri harcamaları arttırmak ve daha büyük pay elde etmek için sanayi kuruluşları, laboratuvar ve üniversiteler ile bürokrat ve siyasa yapıcıları arasında kurulan gevşek bir ittifakı işaret etmektedir. Soğuk savaş yıllarında kapitalist olmayan toplumlarda, özellikle Sovyetler Birliğinde askeri endüstriyel kompleks üzerine çalışmalar sınırlı kalmıştır. Doğu bloğunun yıkılmasından sonra arşivlere ulaşım ile Sovyet modelinde askeri endüstri üzerine çalışmaların sayısı artmıştır. Bu çalışmada tarihsel sosyolojik perspektiften Sovyet toplumundaki elit dinamikleri, popüler militarizm ve sosyal hiyerarşinin oluşumunda askeri sanayi ve bunun etrafında inşa edilen iktidar yapılarının rolü gösterilmektedir. Kurumsal yapı olarak savunma sanayisinin dönüşümü, bürokratikleşme ve sovyet kentleşmesi dinamikleri arasındaki destekleyici ilişki devletin savaşa hazırlık süreçlerinin toplumsal iktidarı nasıl şekillendirdiği analiz edilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Popüler Militarizm, Soğuk Savaş, Sosyal İktidar, Sovyetler Birliği

Kaynakça

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