PHOKAİA ANTİK KENTİNİN AKDENİZ`DE İZLEDİĞİ TİCARİ STRATEJİLER

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 40 - 55, 29.07.2022

Aytekin Erdoğan

https://doi.org/10.18354/esam.1134717

Öz

Günümüzde İzmir’in Eski Foça ilçesinde bulunan Phokaia Antik Kenti denizcilikteki becerisi sayesinde döneminde ün kazanmış ve antik kaynaklarda da bu yönüne sıkça değinilmiştir. Antik kaynaklara bakıldığında Phokaialılar denizci bir halk olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Dönemin hem coğrafi hem de siyasi olaylarından etkilenip denize yönelen bu kent, İspanya’dan Fransa ve İtalya’ya oradan da Anadolu’da başta Troas bölgesi olmak üzere Karadeniz’e kadar uzanan bir ticaret ağ kurmayı başarmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra Mısır’da bulunan Naukratis kentinin de kurucuları arasında olduğu Herodotos’un Historiai adlı eserinde belirtilmektedir. Böylece MÖ 7. Yüzyılın son çeyreğinden MÖ 545`e kadar Akdeniz, Marmara ve Orta Karadeniz’de daha çok deniz taşımacılığı seferleri düzenleyerek bu bölgelerde birçok emporion tarzında ticari üstler kurmuştur. Yapılan bu yoğun ticari ilişkiler ve kurulan kentler sayesinde Phokaia MÖ 6. yüzyılın ilk yarısında Ionia’nın en gelişmiş kentlerinden biri haline gelmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Akdeniz, İspanya, Kolonizasyon, Phokaia, Ticaret, Strateji

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