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THE EFFECT OF FEAR OF COVID-19 ON LONELINESS: THE MODERATOR ROLE OF ANXIETY DISORDER

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 89, 359 - 378, 09.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.1355284

Öz

This study was conducted to evaluate the moderator role of anxiety disorder in the effect of the fear of covid-19 on loneliness. The questionnaire form, which is delivered to the participants face-to-face and online, includes the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) Scale, Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale (RULS-6), and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, as well as personal characteristics. The sample of the study consists of 760 people in total. The total mean score of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) Scale was 8.41; Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale (RULS-6) was 15.19; The Fear of COVID-19 Scale was 16.68. It was observed that anxiety disorder had a regulatory role in the effect of fear of Covid-19 on loneliness. As anxiety disorder increases, the effect of fear of Covid-19 on loneliness decreases. It is important to convey the right information through various channels (such as social media) to those with high anxiety disorders at the point of reducing the fear of covid-19. Thus, the feelings of loneliness of individuals will be reduced.

Kaynakça

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  • Aldemir, C. ve Avşar, M. N. (2020). Pandemi döneminde dijital vatandaşlık uygulamaları, Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7, 148-169.
  • Alhalaseh, L. Kasasbeh, F. Al-Bayati, M. Haikal, L. Obeidat, K. Abuleil, A. Wilkinson, I. (2022). Loneliness and depression among community older adults during the covıd-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Psychogeriatrics, 22 (4), 493–501. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12833.
  • Altay, M. ve Arisoy, A. (2022). Fear of COVID-19 and quality of life: The mediating role of loneliness among older Turkish adults. Ageing ve Society, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X21001938.
  • Andrews, G. Hobbs, M. J. Borkovec, T. D. Beesdo, K. Craske, M. G. Heimberg, R. G. Rapee, R. M. Ruscio, A. M. ve Stanley, M. A. (2010). Generalized worry disorder: a review of DSM-IV generalized anxiety disorder and options for DSM-V. Depression and Anxiety, 27(2), 134-147. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.20658.
  • APA, (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition.Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.
  • Armitage, R. ve Nellums, L. B. (2020). COVID-19 and the Consequences of Isolating the Elderly, The Lancet Public Health, 5 (5), e256. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30061-X.
  • Aşkın, R. Bozkurt, Y. ve Zeybek, Z. (2019). Covid-19 pandemisi: psikolojik etkileri ve terapötik müdahaleler. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Covid-19 Sosyal Bilimler Özel Sayısı, Yıl: 19, Sayı: 37, 304–318. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/iticusbe/issue/55168/753233.
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COVID-19 KORKUSUNUN YALNIZLIĞA ETKİSİ: ANKSİYETE BOZUKLUĞUNUN DÜZENLEYİCİ ROLÜ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 89, 359 - 378, 09.01.2024
https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.1355284

Öz

Bu çalışma, Covid-19 korkusunun yalnızlık üzerindeki etkisinde anksiyete bozukluğunun düzenleyici rolünü değerlendirmek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılara yüz yüze ve online olarak ulaştırılan anket formu, kişisel özelliklerin yanı sıra Yaygın Anksiyete Bozukluğu-7 (YAB-7) Ölçeği, Revize Edilmiş UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği (RULS-6) ve COVID-19 Korku Ölçeği' ni içermektedir. Araştırmanın örneklemi toplam 760 kişiden oluşmaktadır. Yaygın Anksiyete Bozukluğu-7 (YAB-7) Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 8.41; Revize edilmiş UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği (RULS-6) 15.19; COVID-19 Ölçeği Korkusu 16.68’dir. Covid-19 korkusunun yalnızlık üzerine etkisinde anksiyete bozukluğunun düzenleyici role sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Anksiyete bozukluğu arttıkça, Covid-19 korkusunun yalnızlık üzerine etkisi azalmaktadır. Anksiyete bozukluğu yüksek olanlara, covid-19 korkusunun azaltılması noktasında çeşitli kanallar (sosyal medya gibi) aracılığıyla doğru bilginin aktarılması önem arz etmektedir. Böylece bireylerin yalnızlık duyguları da azalmış olacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • Abdullah, I. Covid-19: Threat and fear in Indonesia, Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 12, 488-490, https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000878.
  • Acar, R. (2022). Covid-19 İle Yaygın Anksiyete Arasındaki İlişkinin Değişkenler Bakımından İncelenmesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Adler, A. (1964). Social Interest: A Challenge to Mankind. New York: Capricorn.
  • Ahorsu, D. K. Lin, C-Y. Imani, V. Saffari, M. Griffiths, M. D. ve Pakpour, A. H. (2020). The Fear of covıd-19 scale: development and initial validation. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00270-8.
  • Aldemir, C. ve Avşar, M. N. (2020). Pandemi döneminde dijital vatandaşlık uygulamaları, Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7, 148-169.
  • Alhalaseh, L. Kasasbeh, F. Al-Bayati, M. Haikal, L. Obeidat, K. Abuleil, A. Wilkinson, I. (2022). Loneliness and depression among community older adults during the covıd-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Psychogeriatrics, 22 (4), 493–501. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyg.12833.
  • Altay, M. ve Arisoy, A. (2022). Fear of COVID-19 and quality of life: The mediating role of loneliness among older Turkish adults. Ageing ve Society, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X21001938.
  • Andrews, G. Hobbs, M. J. Borkovec, T. D. Beesdo, K. Craske, M. G. Heimberg, R. G. Rapee, R. M. Ruscio, A. M. ve Stanley, M. A. (2010). Generalized worry disorder: a review of DSM-IV generalized anxiety disorder and options for DSM-V. Depression and Anxiety, 27(2), 134-147. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.20658.
  • APA, (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition.Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.
  • Armitage, R. ve Nellums, L. B. (2020). COVID-19 and the Consequences of Isolating the Elderly, The Lancet Public Health, 5 (5), e256. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30061-X.
  • Aşkın, R. Bozkurt, Y. ve Zeybek, Z. (2019). Covid-19 pandemisi: psikolojik etkileri ve terapötik müdahaleler. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Covid-19 Sosyal Bilimler Özel Sayısı, Yıl: 19, Sayı: 37, 304–318. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/iticusbe/issue/55168/753233.
  • Bakioğlu, F. Korkmaz, O. ve Ercan, H. (2020). Fear of COVID-19 and positivity: Mediating role of intolerance of uncertainty, depression, anxiety, and stress. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 19(6):2369-2382. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-020-00331-y.
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  • Lewicka Zelent, A. E. Brudek, P. ve Czechowska-Bieluga, M. (2022). Loneliness and fear of covıd-19 in polish adults. the mediating role of generalized mood. Journal of Modern Science, 49(2), 233-252. https://doi.org/10.13166/jms/155808.
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  • Lum, L. H. W. ve Tambyah, P. A. (2020). Outbreak of covid-19– an urgent need for good science to silence our fears?, Singapore Medical Journal, 61 (2), 55–57.
  • McHugh, J. E. ve Lawlor, B. A. (2013). Perceived stress mediates the relationship between emotional loneliness and sleep quality over time in older adults. British Journal of Health Psychology, 18(3), 546-555. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8287.2012.02101.x.
  • Memiş Doğan, M. ve Düzel, B. (2020). Covid-19 özelinde korku-kaygı düzeyleri. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 739–752.
  • Mistry, S. K. Ali, A. R. M. M. Akther, F. Yadav, U. N. ve Harris, M.F. (2021). Exploring fear of covid-19 and its correlates among older adults in Bangladesh. Glob. Health, 17, 47.
  • Muñoz-Navarro, R. Cano-Vindel, A. Moriana, J. A. Medrano, L. A. Ruiz-Rodríguez, P. Agüero-Gento, L. Rodríguez-Enríquez, M. Pizà, M. R. ve Ramírez-Manent, J. I. (2017). Screening for generalized anxiety disorder in Spanish primary care centers with the GAD-7. Psychiatry Research, 256, 312-317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.06.023.
  • Nesteruk, I. (2021). COVID-19 Pandemic Dynamics: Mathematical Simulations. Springer Nature.
  • Öhman, A. (2008). Fear and Anxiety. in M. Lewis, J. M. Haviland-Jones, ve L. F. Barrett (Eds.), Handbook of Emotions, The Guilford Press.
  • Okruszek, Ł, A. Aniszewska-Stańczuk, A. Piejka, M. Wiśniewska, ve Żurek, K. (2020). Safe but Lonely? Loneliness, Mental Health Symptoms and COVID-19, PsyArXiv Preprints. Erişim Tarihi: 10.07.2023 from https://psyarxiv.com/9njps/.
  • Ornell, F. Schuch, J. B. Sordi, A. O. ve Kessler, F. H. P. (2020). Pandemic fear” and covid-19: mental health burden and strategies, Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 42 (3), 232-235.
  • Özdamar, K. (2017). Ölçek ve test geliştirme yapısal eşitlik modellemesi. Nisan Kitabevi.
  • Öztürk, F. ve Nedim Bal, P. (2022). Covid-19 korkusu ile anksiyete arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi, International Social Mentality and Researcher Thinkers Journal, 8(56), 481-491.
  • Paksoy, H. M. (2020). Covid-19 pandemisi ile oluşan korku ve davranışlara inancın etkisi üzerine bir araştırma: Türkiye örneği, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 10, 135-155, https://doi.org/10.47147/ksuiibf.798354.
  • Parlapani, E. Holeva, V. Nikopoulou, V.A. Sereslis, K. Athanasiadou, M. Godosidis, A. Stephanou, T. Diakogiannis, I. (2020). Intolerance of uncertainty and loneliness in older adults during the covid-19 pandemic. Front. Psychiatry, 11, 84.
  • Peplau, L. A. ve Perlman, D. (1982). Types of loneliness. In L. A. Peplau & D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: A source book of current theory, research and therapy (pp. 105-119). Wiley.
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  • Rahman, M. A. Hoque, N. Alif, S.M. Salehin, M. Islam, S.M.S. Banik, B. Sharif, A. Nazim, N. B. Sultana, F. ve Cross, W. (2020). Factors associated with psychological distress, fear and coping strategies during the covid-19 pandemic in Australia. Glob. Health, 16, 95.
  • Salcan, S. ve Sarıkaya, B. (2020). COVID-19 pandemisinde eczanede çalışan personelin kaygı, uykusuzluk ve depresyon prevalansı. Turkish Journal of Public Health, 18(COVID-19 Special), 58-65.
  • Salimi, A. (2011). Social-emotional loneliness and life satisfaction. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 292-295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.241.
  • Saricali, M. Satici, S. A. Satici, B. Gocet-Tekin, E. ve Griffiths, M. D. (2022). Fear of covid-19, mindfulness, humor, and hopelessness: a multiple media tion analysis. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 20(4), 2151–216.
  • Sekaran, U. (2000). Research Methods For Business: A Skill Building Approach. 3rd. Ed. USA: Wiley and Sons.
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  • Şahin, E. Türk, F. ve Hamamcı, Z. (2021). Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde depresyon, anksiyete ve stres ile başa çıkma tutumlarının sosyal medya bağımlılığıyla ilişkisi, Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 9 (1): 165-186.
  • van Meurs, B. N. Wiggert, I. Wicker, ve Lissek, S. (2014). Maladaptive Behavioral Consequences of Conditioned Fear-Generalization: A Pronounced, yet Sparsely Studied, Feature of Anxiety Pathology, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 57, 29–37.
  • Vaux, A. (1988). Social and emotional loneliness: The role of social and personal characteristics. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 14(4), 722-734. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167288144007.
  • Wang, C. ve Zhao, H. (2020). The impact of covid-19 on anxiety in chinese university students, Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1-8, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01168.
  • Wittchen, H.-U. (2002). Generalized anxiety disorder: prevalence, burden, and cost to society. Depression and Anxiety, 16(4), 162-171. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.10065.
  • Wongpakaran, N. Wongpakaran, T. Pinyopornpanish, M. Simcharoen, S. Suradom, C. Varnado, P. ve Kuntawong, P. (2020). Development and validation of a 6‐item Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale (RULS‐6) using Rasch analysis. British Journal of Health Psychology, 25, 233–256. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12404.
  • Xiang, Y. T. Y. Yang, W. Li, L. Zhang, Q. Zhang, Cheung, T. ve Ng, C. H. (2020). Timely Mental Health Care For The 2019 Novel Coronavirus Outbreak İs Urgently Needed, The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(3), 228–229.
Toplam 81 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hastane İşletmeciliği
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Selman Kızılkaya 0000-0002-3136-7257

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 28 Aralık 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 9 Ocak 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 89

Kaynak Göster

APA Kızılkaya, S. (2024). COVID-19 KORKUSUNUN YALNIZLIĞA ETKİSİ: ANKSİYETE BOZUKLUĞUNUN DÜZENLEYİCİ ROLÜ. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 23(89), 359-378. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.1355284

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Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi (Electronic Journal of Social Sciences), Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.

ESBD Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi (Electronic Journal of Social Sciences), Türk Patent ve Marka Kurumu tarafından tescil edilmiştir. Marka No:2011/119849.