Anemia in blue-collar women of the reproductive age: automotive industry example

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 271 - 280, 31.10.2021

Alpaslan Türkkan , Bülent Aslanhan Nazan Demiralp Ümit Özdede Kayıhan Pala

https://doi.org/10.35232/estudamhsd.936092

Öz

Anemia, which is an indicator of malnutrition and poor health, is one of the health problems of women. On the other hand, studies showing the effect of women's health problems on their employment and the impact of working life on their health are limited. This study was conducted to examine the prevalence of anemia, the factors affecting it, and the course of anemia in working life in non-pregnant blue-collar women of reproductive age. The study was conducted in an automotive factory in Bursa in the dangerous business line. The study covers the data of 329 non-pregnant blue-collar female workers of reproductive age. Anemia was found in 37.1% of the female workers. The prevalence of anemia is higher in women who are single, live in crowded houses, have previously been diagnosed with anemia, have a long bleeding time, and use 5 or more pads per day during their bleeding. The trend of increasing the prevalence and severity of anemia in working women has been demonstrated. The study has important implications for the creation of an effective health promotion program for the prevention and control of anemia, especially in working women in Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anemia, iron-deficiency, prevalence, working women

ÜREME ÇAĞINDAKİ MAVİ YAKALI KADIN İŞÇİLERDE ANEMİ: OTOMOTİV SEKTÖRÜ ÖRNEĞİ

Öz

Yetersiz beslenme ve kötü sağlığın göstergesi olan anemi kadınların sağlıkla ilgili sorunlarından birisini oluşturur. Buna karşın kadınların sağlık sorunlarının istihdam edilmelerine etkisi ile çalışma yaşamının sağlıklarına olan etkisini gösteren çalışmalar sınırlıdır. Bu çalışma, üreme çağında gebe olmayan mavi yakalı kadınlarda, anemi sıklığını, etkileyen etmenleri ve aneminin çalışma yaşamındaki seyrini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma, Bursa’da tehlikeli iş kolundaki bir otomotiv fabrikasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışma üreme çağında, gebe olmayan mavi yakalı 329 kadın işçinin verisini kapsar. Kadın işçilerin %37,1’inde anemi saptanmıştır. Bekar olan, kalabalık evde yaşayan, daha önce anemi tanısı almış olan, kanama süresi uzun ve kanaması sırasında günde 5 ve üzerinde ped kullanan kadınlarda anemi prevalansı daha yüksektir. Çalışan kadınlarda anemi prevalansının ve şiddetindeki artışın trendi gösterilmiştir. Çalışma, Türkiye’de özellikle çalışan kadınlarda aneminin önlenmesi ve kontrolüne yönelik etkili sağlığı geliştirme programının oluşturulması için önemli çıkarımlara sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anemi, demir eksikliği, prevalans, çalışan kadın

Kaynakça

• 1. World Health Organization. Global nutrition targets 2025: anaemia policy brief (WHO/NMH/NHD/14.4). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014.
• 2. World Health Organization. The global prevalence of anaemia in 2011. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015.
• 3. Horton S, Ross J. The economics of iron deficiency. Food Policy. 2003;28:51-75.
• 4. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. İşgücü İstatistikleri 2020. [Internet]. [cited 2021 March 5]. Available from: https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Isgucu-Istatistikleri-2020-37484
• 5. Toksöz G. İşgücü Piyasasının Toplumsal Cinsiyet Perspektifinden Analizi ve bölgelerarası dengesizlikler. Çalışma ve Toplum. 2007;4:57-79.
• 6. World Health Organization. Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity. Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System. [Internet]. [cited at 2021 March 5]. Available from: http://www.who.int/vmnis/indicators/haemoglobin.pdf.
• 7. Short MW, Domagalski JE. Iron Deficiency Anemia: Evaluation and Management. Am Fam Physician. 2013;87(2):98-104.
• 8. Stevens GA, Finucane MM, De-Regil LM, Paciorek CJ, Flaxman SR, Branca F, et al. Global, regional, and national trends in haemoglobin concentration and prevalence of total and severe anaemia in children and pregnant and non-pregnant women for 1995-2011: a systematic analysis of populationrepresentative data. Lancet Glob Health. 2013;1:e16-25.
• 9. Kamruzzaman M, Rabbani MG,Saw A, Sayem A,Hossain G. Differentials in the prevalence of anemia among non-pregnant, ever-married women in Bangladesh: Multilevel logistic regression analysis of data from the 2011 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. BMC Womens Health. 2015;15:54.
• 10. Petry N, Jallow B, Sawo Y, Momodou KD, Barrow S, Sarr A, et al. Micronutrient Deficiencies, Nutritional Status and the Determinants of Anemia in Children 0–59 Months of Age and Non-Pregnant Women of Reproductive Age in the Gambia. Nutrients. 2019;11:2275.
• 11. Abdo N, Douglas S,Batieha A,Khader Y,Jaddou H, Al-Khatib S, et al. The prevalence and determinants of anaemia in Jordan. East Mediterr Health J. 2019;25(5):341-9.
• 12. Hisa K, Haruna M, Hikita N, Sasagawa E, Yonezawa K, Suto M, et al. Prevalence of and factors related to anemia among Japanese adult women: Secondary data analysis using health check-up data base. Scientific Reports. 2019;9:17048.
• 13. Ma Q, Zhang S, Liu J, Wang Q, Shen H, Zhang Y, et al. Study on the Prevalence of Severe Anemia among Non-Pregnant Women of Reproductive Age in Rural China: A Large Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients. 2017;9:1298.
• 14. Ding C, Wang J, Cao Y, Pan Y, Lu X, Wang W, et al. Heavy menstrual bleeding among women aged 18–50 years living in Beijing, China: prevalence, risk factors, and impact on daily life. BMC Women's Health. 2019;19:27.
• 15. Jamnok J, Sanchaisuriya K, Sanchaisuriya P, Fucharoen G, Fucharoen S, Ahmed F. Factors associated with anaemia and iron deficiency among women of reproductive age in Northeast Thailand: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health. 2020;20:102.
• 16. Wilunda C,Massawe S, Jackson C. Determinants of moderate-to-severe anaemia among women of reproductive age in Tanzania: Analysis of data from the 2010 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey. Trop Med Int. Health. 2013;18:1488-97.
• 17. Gopaldas T. Iron-deficiency anemia in young working women can be reduced by increasing the consumption of cereal based fermented foods or gooseberry juice at the work place. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. 2002;23(1):94-105.
• 18. Percy L, Mansour D. Iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anaemia in women’s health. The Obstetrician&Gynaecologist. 2017;19:155-61.