Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.) Polen Morfolojisi ve Etkileyen Faktörler

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 1 - 8, 15.12.2021

Nurdoğan Topal , Yiğit Can Bal

Öz

Ülkemiz açısından önemli bir protein bitkisi olan nohut geniş bir alanda yetiştirilen önemli bir soğuk mevsim baklagilidir. Verim, kalite ve dayanıklılık başlıkları altında nohut ıslah çalışmaları uluslararası ve ulusal resmi ve özel sektörlerde olmak üzere devam etmektedir. Klasik ıslah yöntemleri uygulamaları ile nohut bitkisinde özellikle de dar genetik tabana sahip olması nedeni ile arzu edilen varyasyonlara ulaşamamaktadır. Bu nedenle biyoteknolojik uygulamalar ile bu varyasyonlar sağlanmaya çalışılmakta ve kısa sürede arzu edilen özellik bakımından saflaştırmalara gidilebilmektedir. Bu biyoteknolojik uygulamalardan olan anter, polen ve yumurtalık kültürü ıslah çalışmalarında kullanılmaktadır. Literatürler incelendiğinde bu tür generatif yapıların gelişiminde çevre (düşük ve yüksek sıcaklık vb.) ve kültürel uygulamalar (çeşit ve gübreleme) önemli etkilerde bulunduğu görülmektedir. Çevre ve kültürel uygulamanın optimum olduğu koşullarda biyoteknolojik uygulamaların başarı şansını arttırmaktadır. Bu derleme, nohut bitkisi özelinde ıslah çalışmalarında kullanılan polenin teşekkülü esnasında çevre ve kültürel uygulamalar ile olan ilişkisini ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nohut, Cicer arietinum L., Polen, Polen Morfolojisi

Destekleyen Kurum

Çalışma herhangi bir kurum tarafından desteklenmemiştir.

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Pollen Morphology and Affecting Factors.

Öz

Chickpea, which is an important protein plant for our country, is an important cold season legume grown in a wide area. Chickpea breeding works under the titles of yield, quality and durability continue in international and national public and private sectors. With the classical breeding methods applications, the desired variations cannot be achieved in the chickpea plant, especially since it has a narrow genetic base. For this reason, these variations are tried to be provided with biotechnological applications and purification can be achieved in a short time in terms of desired properties. Anther, pollen and ovary cultures, which are among these biotechnological applications, are used in breeding studies. When the literature is examined, it is seen that the environment (low and high temperature, etc.) and cultural practices (variety and fertilization) have important effects on the development of such generative structures. It increases the chances of success of biotechnological applications in conditions where environmental and cultural application is optimum. This review was made in order to reveal the relationship between the environment and cultural practices during the formation of the pollen used in breeding studies in the chickpea plant.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chickpea, Cicer arietinum L., Pollen, Pollen Morphology

Kaynakça

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