Enfeksiyöz Nekrotik Hepatitis Aşısının Üretiminde Poli (D, L-Laktik-Ko-Glikolik Asit) (PLGA) Biyopolimerinin Adjuvant Etkisinin Araştırılması

Yıl 2019, , 70 - 77, 30.06.2019

Zehra Akıncı Hakan Kalender

https://doi.org/10.35864/evmd.543182

Öz

Bu
çalışmada, koyunların enfeksiyöz nekrotik hepatitis hastalığına karşı alüminyum
hidroksit ve poli (D, L-Laktik-Ko-Glikolik Asit) (PLGA) adjuvantları
kullanılarak üretilen aşıların kobaylarda oluşturduğu bağışıklık düzeyleri
karşılaştırıldı. Clostridium novyi tip
A kültürünün formol ile inaktivasyonundan sonra, alüminyum hidrokside adsorbe
edilmiş ve çift emülsiyon çözücü buharlaştırma yöntemi uygulanarak PLGA
(laktid/glikolid oranı: (50/50), moleküler ağırlık: 30.000-60.000 dalton) ile
enkapsüle edilmiş antjen içeren iki farklı toksoid aşı hazırlandı. Aşıların
oluşturduğu bağışıklık düzeyini belirlemek için 5-6 aylık ve ağırlıkları
400-500 gram olan erkek kobaylar kullanıldı. Her biri 10 kobaydan oluşan 3 grup
oluşturuldu. Birinci gruptakilere 21 gün arayla çift doz (2 ml+2ml) alüminyum
hidroksitli aşı, ikinci gruptakilere PLGA mikrosferli aşı tek doz (2 ml) ve
üçüncü gruptakilere PLGA mikrosferli aşı yarım doz (1ml) derialtı yolla
verildi. Birinci gruptaki kobaylardan rapel aşılamadan, ikinci ve üçüncü
gruptaki kobaylardan tek doz aşılamadan sonraki 15, 30 ve 45. günlerde kalpten kan
örnekleri alınarak havuzlanmış serum örnekleri elde edildi. Kan serumlarındaki
antikor düzeyi fare Toksin Nötralizasyon Test (TNT) ile belirlendi. Tek doz
mikrosferli aşı ile çift doz alüminyum hidroksitli aşı uygulamalarından sonraki
 30. ve 45. günlerde aynı düzeyde antikor
(8 IU/ml) saptandı. Ancak 15. günde çift doz alüminyum hidroksitli aşının
antikor düzeyi 4 IU/ml iken, tek doz PLGA mikrosferli aşının antitor düzeyi 2
IU/ml olarak bulundu. Yarım doz PLGA mikrosferli aşı verilen kobaylarda yeterli
düzeyde (antikor titresi˂2.5 IU/ml) bağışıklık elde edilemedi. Sonuç olarak,  tek dozlu veteriner aşıların geliştirilmesi
amacıyla  farklı polimer tipi ve
enkapsulasyon yöntemleri kullanılarak daha geniş kapsamlı çalışmaların
yapılması gerekmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

C. novyi, aşı, adjuvant, PLGA

Kaynakça

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