Resilience in Education after the Kahramanmaraş Earthquake February 6, 2023: Threats and Challenges / 6 Şubat 2023 Kahramanmaraş Depremi Sonrası Eğitimde Dayanaklılığın İncelenmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 88 - 110, 30.12.2024

Nil Özkan

https://doi.org/10.59041/eyor.1517050

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı; 6 Şubat 2023 tarihinde Kahramanmaraş merkezli on ilde meydana gelen depremler sonrası bölgede görev yapan eğitim yöneticilerinin görüşleri ve deneyimleri doğrultusunda eğitimde dayanıklılığı incelemek ve eğitimin normalleştirici ve iyileştirici rolü kapsamında dayanaklılığın güçlendirilmesine ilişkin yenilikler ve öneriler geliştirmektir. Araştırma nitel araştırma kapsamında olup betimleyici durum çalışması ile desenlenmiştir. Araştırmaya katılım gösteren öğretmenler kartopu örnekleme uygun seçilerek veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesi için içerik analizi tekniğine başvurulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda; deprem bölgesinde görev yapan eğitim yöneticilerinin deprem süreci ve sonrasında yaşadıkları sorunlar, karşılaştıkları zorluklar ve geliştirdikleri çözümler ile eğitimin doğal afetlere karşı dayanıklılığını arttırmaya yönelik öneri ve beklentileri ortaya koyulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Deprem, Eğitimde Dayanıklılık, Doğal Afet

Investigation of Resilience in Education After Kahramanmaraş Earthquake 6 February 2023

Öz

The purpose of this study; to examine resilience in education in line with the opinions and experiences of education administrators working in the region after the earthquakes that occurred in ten provinces centered in Kahramanmaraş on February 6, 2023, and to develop innovations and suggestions regarding strengthening resilience within the scope of the normalizing and healing role of education. The research is within the scope of qualitative research and was designed with a descriptive case study. The teachers who participated in the research were selected according to snowball sampling and the data were collected with a semi-structured interview form. Content analysis technique was used to analyze the data. As a result of the research; The problems experienced by education administrators working in the earthquake zone during and after the earthquake, the difficulties they encountered and the solutions they developed, as well as their suggestions and expectations to increase the resilience of education against natural disasters, were revealed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Earthquake, Resilience in Education, Naturel Disaster

Kaynakça

• AFAD, (2023). https://www.afad.gov.tr/kahramanmarasta-meydana-gelen-depremler-hk-basin-bulteni19 Akbaba Altun, S. (2005). Turkish school principals’ earthquake experiences and reactions. International Journal of Educational Management, 19(4), 307-317.
• Amiresmaili, M., Zolala, F., Nekoei-Moghadam, M., Salavatian, S., Chashmyazdan, M., Soltani, A., & Savabi, J. (2021). Role of social media in earthquake: A systematic review. Iran . Red . CrescentMed . J, 23(5).
• Arslan, M. (2023). Okul müdürlerinin 6 Şubat Kahramanmaraş depremi sonrası okullarda karşılaştıkları sorunlar ve bu sorunlara ilişkin çözüm önerileri. International Journal of Social Humanities Sciences Research, 10(97), 1550-1559.
• Baltacı, A. (2018). Nitel araştırmalarda örnekleme yöntemleri ve örnek hacmi sorunsalı üzerine kavramsal bir inceleme. BEÜ SBE Derg.,7(1), 231-274.
• Barsky, L., Trainor, J., & Torres, M. (2006). Disaster realities in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina: Revisiting the lootingmyth. University of Delaware Disaster Research Center, Quıck Response Report.
• Basnet, B. K. (2020). Earthquake and its impacts on education: Aftermath Nepal quake 2015. The European Educational Researcher, 3(3), 101-118.
• Bilen, E. & Polat, M. (2022). Öğretmen adaylarının deprem farkındalığına ilişkin görüşleri. Türk Deprem Araştırma Dergisi, 4 (1) , 155-173 . DOI: 10.46464/tdad.1098199.
• Castro, R. (2019). Blended learning in higher education: Trends and capabilities. Education and Information Technologies, 24(4), 2523-2546. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10639-019-09886-3.
• Chen, J., Li, W., Chen, W., & Zhang, S. (2017). Assessment of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction capability of county-level administrative units in Gansu Province. Journal of Risk Analysis and Crisis Response, 7(4).
• Dal Zilio, L., & Ampuero, J. P. (2023). Earthquake doublet in Turkey and Syria. Communications Earth & Environment, 4(1), 71.
• Dodlova, M., Carias, M. E., & Grimm, M. (2023). The effects of the 2010 Haiti earthquake on children's nutrition and education (No. 16195). IZA Discussion Papers.
• Erkal, T., & Değerliyurt, M. (2009). Türkiye'de afet yönetimi. Doğu Coğrafya Dergisi, 14(22), 147-164.
• Flick, U. (2014). An ıntroduction to qualitative research. Sage.
• Frailing, K., & Harper, D. W. (2017). Toward a criminology of disaster: What we know and what we need to find out. Springer.
• Frankenberg, E., Sikoki, B., Sumantri, C., Suriastini, W., & Thomas, D. (2013). Education, vulnerability, and resilience after a natura ldisaster. Ecology and Society: A Journal of İntegrative Science for Resilience and Sustainability, 18(2), 16. Groenewald, T. (2004). A phenomenological research design illustrated. International Journal oOf Qualitative Methods, 3(1), 42-55. Gümüş Şekerci, Y., Ayvazoğlu, G., & Çekiç, M. (2023). Üniversite öğrencilerinin temel afet bilinci ve farkındalık düzeylerinin saptanması. Gümüş¬hane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 12 (1), 74-81.
• Hassan, E. M., Mahmoud, H. N., & Ellingwood, B. R. (2020). Resilience of school systems following severe earthquakes. Earth'sfuture, 8(10), e2020EF001518.
• İrdem, İ., & Mert, E. (2023). Deprem, dirençli kent ve acil afet yönetimi: Türkiye örneği. Kamu Yönetimi ve Politikaları Dergisi, 4(2), 241-276.
• İTÜ, (2023). 6 Şubat 2023: 04.17 Mw 7,8 Kahramanmaraş ve 13.24 Mw 7,7 Kahramanmaraş depremleri: Ön inceleme raporu. 2023_itu_deprem_on_raporu.pdf
• Kaur, A., & Kang, T. (2021). Natural disasters and children well-being: A ReviewStudy. Disasterand Development, 10, 65-79.
• Kunii, Y., Usukura, H., Otsuka, K., Maeda, M., Yabe, H., Takahashi, S., & Tomita, H. (2022). Lessons learned from psychosocial support and mental health surveys during the 10 years since the Great East Japan Earthquake: Establishin gevidence‐based disaster psychiatry. PsychiatryandClinicalNeurosciences, 76(6), 212-221.
• Le Brocque, R., De Young, A., Montague, G., Pocock, S., March, S., Triggell, N., & Edgedy, J. (2017). Schools and natural disaster recovery: The unique and vital role of teachers and education professionals in maintaining students' mental health after natural disasters. Journal of Psychologists and Counselors in Schools, 27 (1), 1-23. doi:10.1017/jgc.2016.17
• Maxwell, J. A. (2008). Designing a qualitativestudy. The SAGE handbook of appliedsocialresearchmethods, 2, 214-253.
• Merriam, S.B., & Tisdell, J. E. (2015). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. Jossey-Bass. Miles, M. B., andHuberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis (2nd Edition).Sage Publications.
• Mutch, C. (2014). The role of schools in disaster preparedness, response and recovery: What can we learn from the literature? Pastoral Care in Education, 32(1), 5-22.
• Neuman, L. W. (2017). Toplumsal araştırma yöntemleri nitel ve nicel yaklaşımlar. (S. Özge, Çev.). Yayınodası. Özer, M. (2023). Education policy actions by the Ministry of National Education after the earthquake disaster on February 6, 2023 in Türkiye. Bartin University Journal of Faculty of Education, 12(2).
• Özer, M., Şensoy, S., & Suna, H. E. (2023, 4 Aralık). The iımpact of post-disaster education management for there covery of a region following the February 6 2023 earthquakes in Turkey. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/HSuna/publication/371159436_The_Impact_of_PostDisaster_Education_Management_for_the_Recovery_of_a_Region_following_the_February_6_2023_Earthquakes_in_Turkiye/links/64765972a25e543829dfd6c2/The-Impact-of-Post-Disaster-Education-Management-for-the-Recovery-of-a-Region-following-the-February-6-2023-Earthquakes-in-Tuerkiye.pdf
• Özkan, N., & Göktürk, Ş. (2023). Mesleki ve teknik eğitim kurumlarında mesleki eğitim merkezi uygulamasının okul paydaşları açısından incelenmesi. Ulusal Eğitim Dergisi, 3(11), 2153-2175.
• Ozkan, N., & Toker-Gokce, A. (2024). Challenges, innovations and recommendations for strengthening educational resilience: The post-earthquake experiences of teachers in Kahramanmaraş region. International Online Journal of EducationalSciences, 16(3), 158-174.
• Partelow, S. (2021). Social capital and community disaster resilience: post-earthquake tourism recovery on Gili Trawangan, Indonesia. Sustainability science, 16(1), 203-220.
• Paudel, J., & Ryu, H. (2018). Natural disasters and human capital: The case of Nepal’s earthquake. World Development, 111, 1-12.
• Rodgers, J., Hassan, W., Motter, C., & Thornley, J. (2021). Impacts of the 2018 M7. 1 Anchorageearthquake on schools. EarthquakeSpectra, 37(3), 1849-1874. Saldana, J. (2019). Nitel araştırmacılar için kodlama el kitabı. (A. Tüfekci Akca, S. N. Şad, Çev.). Pegem Akademi. Sapkota, J. B., & Neupane, P. (2021). The academic impacts of 2015 Nepal earthquake: Evidence from two secondary schools in Sindhupalchokdistrict. Education Sciences, 11(8), 371.
• Seyle, DC, Widyatmoko, CS, & Silver, RC (2013). Coping with natural disasters in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A study on primary school teachers. School Psychology International, 34(4), 387-404.
• Strateji ve Bütçe Başkanlığı (2023, 20 Nisan). https://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/2023-Kahramanmaras-ve-Hatay-Depremleri-Raporu.pdf
• Tang, W., Xu, D., & Xu, J. (2020). Impact of earthquake exposure, family adversity and peer problems on anxiety-related emotional disorders in adolescent survivors three years after theYa'an earthquake. Journal of AffectiveDisorders, 273, 215-222.
• Wang, X., & Liu, K. (2012). Earthquake and mental health. Post-TraumaticStressDisorders in a Global Context, 211-214.
• Yazgan, T. (2020). Eğitimde kaos teorisi kapsamında literatür araştırması. EclssInternational Online Conference Economics and Social Sciences, 307-314.
• Yeon, D. H., Chung, J. B., & Im, D. H. (2020). The effects of earthquake experience on disastere ducation for children and teens. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5347.
• Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2016). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin Yayıncılık.