RÜZGAR ENERJİSİNİN KARBON EMİSYONLARINA ETKİSİ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 12 - 20, 31.03.2024

Cem Berk , Hamza Yağan , Emre Çevik

https://doi.org/10.29106/fesa.1339465

Öz

Ekonomilerdeki gelişmeler, daha fazla enerji tüketim ihtiyacı doğurmaktadır. Yenilenebilir olmayan enerji kaynakları yüksek miktarda karbon emisyonları üretmektedir. Küresel ısınma kaygıları ile birlikte, sera gazı emisyonlarının azaltılması bir önceliktir. Araştırma sorusu karbon emisyonlarının azaltılmasında rüzgar enerjisinin ne kadar etkin olduğudur. Bu makalede kullanılan değişkenler rüzgar enerjisi üretim kapasitesi, rüzgar enerjisi tüketiminin birincil enerji tüketimine oranı, rüzgar enerjisi üretiminin toplam enerji tüketimine oranı, reel gayri safi milli hasıla ve toplam nüfustur. Sonuçlara göre; rüzgar enerjisi tüketiminin birincil enerji tüketimine oranı karbon emisyonlarını azaltmaktadır. Araştırmadaki 33 ülke karbon emisyonları ortalamanın üzerinde olanlar ve karbon emisyonları ortalamanın altında olanlar olarak ikiye bölünmüştür. Bu etki karbon emisyonları ortalamanın üzerinde olan ülkeler için daha belirgindir. Gayrisafi milli hasıla karbon emisyonlarında anlamlı, nüfus ise anlamsızdır. Kısa dönemli sonuçlara göre; rüzgar enerjisi üretim kapasitesi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir. Rüzgar enerjisi üretiminin toplam enerji tüketimine oranı için katsayı tahmini tüm ülkeler için negatiftir ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır. Rüzgar enerjisi tüketiminin birincil enerji tüketimine oranı karbon emisyonlarını azaltmaktadır. Sonuçlar literatürle tutarlıdır. Yenilenebilir enerji üzerine, özellikle rüzgar enerjisi ile ilgili teşviklerin artırılması, çevreye duyarlı ve fizıbil yatırımlar için faydalı olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Enerji Politikası, Panel Veri, Karbon Emisyonları

THE EFFECT OF WIND ENERGY ON CARBON EMISSIONS

Öz

The advances in economies require the need to consume more energy. Non-renewable energy resources produce high amount of carbon emissions. With global warning concerns, reducing greenhouse gas emissions is priority. The research question is how effective wind energy is for reducing carbon emissions. This study includes a panel data analysis to test the effect of wind energy on carbon emissions. The variables used in this article are installed capacity of wind energy production, the ratio of wind energy consumption to primary energy consumption, and the ratio of wind energy production to total electricity consumption, real GDP and total population. According to the results, the increase in the ratio of wind energy consumption to primary energy consumption reduces carbon emissions. There are 33 countries available in this research which are divided into two categories; countries with higher than average and countries with lower than average. The effect is more significant for countries with higher than average carbon emissions. GDP is significant for carbon emissions but population is not significant according to the results. According to short run results, Installed capacity of wind energy production is not statistically significant. Coefficient estimation for the ratio of wind energy production to total electricity consumption is negative and statistically significant for all countries. The ratio of wind energy consumption to primary energy consumption reduces carbon emissions. The results are consistent with the literature. More incentives for renewable energy and wind energy in particular, would be beneficial for environmentally and economically sound investments.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Energy Policy, Panel Data, Carbon Emissions.

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