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Climate Change Awareness and Institution Perception: An Empirical Analysis of European Countries

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 1511 - 1535, 25.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.25295/fsecon.1263231

Öz

Climate awareness of individuals holds a critical place in the design of climate change adaptation and mitigation policies. This study examines the impact of socio-demographic variables and individuals' perceptions of economic and political institutions on climate awareness. Using the European Social Survey (ESS) 10th Round data, the relationship between climate awareness and perception of institutions is analyzed for 19 European Union member countries (20,004 people). The results obtained from ordered logistics model estimations show that the climate awareness of individuals who think that the country they are living in has “inclusive” institutions is higher than those who consider institutions as “extractive.” Evidence also shows that while having a high income and supporting left-wing views positively affects climate awareness, gender, age, and education level have no statistically significant impact on awareness. In addition, the analysis revealed that individuals living in Central and Eastern European countries have higher levels of awareness compared to those in EU-15 countries. These findings imply that besides socio-economic factors, the perception regarding the structure of institutions plays an important role in the process of combating climate change. Accordingly, the study concludes that to pursue more harmonious and effective policies on climate change and environmental issues, EU countries should first develop institutional structures that will increase individual awareness.

Kaynakça

  • Acemoglu, D. & Robinson, J. A. (2013). Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity and Poverty. London: Profile Books.
  • Baiardi, D. & Morana, C. (2021). Climate Change Awareness: Empirical Evidence for The European Union. Energy Economics, 96, 105163. doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105163
  • Brechin, S. R. & Bhandari, M. (2011). Perceptions of Climate Change Worldwide. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 2(6), 871-885. doi: 10.1002/wcc.146
  • Calculli, C., D’Uggento, A. M., Labarile, A. & Ribecco, N. (2021). Evaluating People’s Awareness About Climate Changes and Environmental Issues: A Case Study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 324, 129244. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129244
  • Fairbrother, M., Johansson Sevä, I. & Kulin, J. (2019). Political Trust and The Relationship Between Climate Change Beliefs and Support for Fossil Fuel Taxes: Evidence from a Survey of 23 European Countries. Global Environmental Change, 59, 102003. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.102003
  • Franzen, A. & Vogl, D. (2013). Two Decades of Measuring Environmental Attitudes: A Comparative Analysis of 33 Countries. Global Environmental Change, 23(5), 1001-1008. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.03.009
  • Frondel, M., Simora, M. & Sommer, S. (2017). Risk Perception of Climate Change: Empirical Evidence for Germany. Ecological Economics, 137, 173-183. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.02.019
  • Greif, A. (2006), Institutions and the Path to the Modern Economy: Lessons from Medieval Trade. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • IPCC. (2014). Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, R. K. Pachauri & L. A. Meyer (Ed.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 151.
  • IPCC. (2018). “Summary for Policymakers” Global Warming of 1.5°C. An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty içinde, [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, H.-O. Pörtner, D. Roberts, J. Skea, P.R. Shukla, A. Pirani, W. Moufouma-Okia, C. Péan, R. Pidcock, S. Connors, J.B.R. Matthews, Y. Chen, X. Zhou, M.I. Gomis, E. Lonnoy, T. Maycock, M. Tignor, and T. Waterfield (Ed.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, 3-24, doi:10.1017/9781009157940.001.
  • Knight, K. W. (2016). Public Awareness and Perception of Climate Change: A Quantitative Cross-National Study. Environmental Sociology, 2(1), 101-113. doi: 10.1080/23251042.2015.1128055
  • Lee, T. M., Markowitz, E. M., Howe, P. D., Ko, C.-Y. & Leiserowitz, A. A. (2015). Predictors Of Public Climate Change Awareness and Risk Perception Around the World. Nature Climate Change, 5(11), 1014-1020. doi: 10.1038/nclimate2728
  • Leiserowitz, A. A. (2004). Day After Tomorrow: Study of Climate Change Risk Perception. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, 46(9), 22-39. doi: 10.1080/00139150409603663
  • Luís, S., Vauclair, C.-M. & Lima, M. L. (2018). Raising Awareness of Climate Change Causes? Cross-National Evidence for The Normalization of Societal Risk Perception of Climate Change. Environmental Science & Policy, 80, 74-81. doi: 10.1016/j.envsci.2017.11.015
  • Matthews, R. C. O. (1986). The Economics of Institutions and the Sources of Growth. The Economic Journal, 96(384), 903-918. doi:10.2307/2233164
  • Meadows, D. H., Meadows, D. H., Randers, J. & Behrens III, W. W. (1972). The Limits to Growth: A Report to The Club of Rome. Google Scholar, 91, 2.
  • North, D. C. (2010), Kurumlar, Kurumsal Değişim ve Ekonomik Performans. G. Ç. Güven (Çev.). İstanbul: Sabancı Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Porta, D. & Portos, M. (2021). Rich Kids of Europe? Social Basis and Strategic Choices in The Climate Activism of Fridays for Future. Rivista Italiana Di Scienza Politica. https://doi.org/10.1017/ipo.2021.54
  • Poortinga, W., Spence, A., Whitmarsh, L., Capstick, S. & Pidgeon, N. F. (2011). Uncertain Climate: An Investigation into Public Scepticism About Anthropogenic Climate Change. Global Environmental Change, 21(3), 1015-1024. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.03.001
  • Poortinga, W., Whitmarsh, L., Steg, L., Böhm, G. & Fisher, S. (2019). Climate Change Perceptions and Their Individual-Level Determinants: A Cross-European Analysis. Global Environmental Change, 55, 25-35. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.01.007
  • Smith, E. K. & Mayer, A. (2018). A Social Trap for The Climate? Collective Action, Trust and Climate Change Risk Perception in 35 Countries. Global Environmental Change, 49, 140-153. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2018.02.014
  • Venghaus, S., Henseleit, M. & Belka, M. (2022). The Impact of Climate Change Awareness on Behavioral Changes in Germany: Changing Minds or Changing Behavior?. Energy, Sustainability and Society, 12(1), 8. doi: 10.1186/s13705-022-00334-8
  • Weber, E. U. (2016). What Shapes Perceptions of Climate Change? New Research Since 2010. WIREs Climate Change, 7(1), 125-134. doi: 10.1002/wcc.377
  • Williams, R. (2006). Generalized Ordered Logit/Partial Proportional Odds Models for Ordinal Dependent Variables. The Stata Journal, 6(1), 58-82.
  • Zaalberg, R., Midden, C., Meijnders, A. & McCalley, T. (2009). Prevention, Adaptation, and Threat Denial: Flooding Experiences in the Netherlands. Risk Analysis, 29(12), 1759-1778. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01316.x

İklim Değişikliği Farkındalığı ve Kurum Algısı: Avrupa Ülkeleri Üzerine Ampirik Bir Analiz

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 1511 - 1535, 25.05.2023
https://doi.org/10.25295/fsecon.1263231

Öz

İklim değişikliğine uyum ve iklim değişikliği ile mücadele politikalarının tasarımında, bireylerin iklim farkındalıkları önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Bu çalışma sosyodemografik değişkenlerle beraber bireylerin ekonomik ve siyasi kurumlara ilişkin algılarının, iklim farkındalığı üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, Avrupa Sosyal Anketi (ESS) 10. Etap verileri kullanılarak, Avrupa Birliği üyesi 19 ülkede (20.004 kişi) iklim farkındalığı ve kurumlara ilişkin algı arasındaki ilişki analiz edilmiştir. Sıralı lojistik model tahminlerinden elde edilen sonuçlar, yaşadığı ülkenin “kapsayıcı” kurumlara sahip olduğunu düşünen bireylerin iklim farkındalığının, kurumların “dışlayıcı” yapıda olduğunu düşünenlere göre daha yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, yüksek gelire ve sol görüşe sahip olmanın iklim farkındalığını pozitif yönde etkilediği bulunurken, cinsiyet, yaş ve eğitim düzeyi farklılıklarının iklim değişikliği farkındalığı üzerine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi tespit edilmemiştir. Ayrıca yapılan analizler, Orta ve Doğu Avrupa ülkelerinde yaşayan bireylerin, AB-15 ülkelerine kıyasla daha yüksek düzeyde farkındalığına sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bu bulgular, iklim değişikliği ile mücadele etme sürecinde sosyoekonomik faktörlerin yanı sıra kurumların yapısına ilişkin algının da önemli bir rol oynadığına dikkat çekmektedir. Dolayısıyla, çalışma AB ülkelerinin iklim değişikliği ve çevre konularında daha uyumlu ve etkin politikalar izleyebilmesi için öncelikle bireysel farkındalığı artıracak kurumsal yapıları geliştirmeye yönelmeleri gerektiği sonucuna varmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Acemoglu, D. & Robinson, J. A. (2013). Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity and Poverty. London: Profile Books.
  • Baiardi, D. & Morana, C. (2021). Climate Change Awareness: Empirical Evidence for The European Union. Energy Economics, 96, 105163. doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105163
  • Brechin, S. R. & Bhandari, M. (2011). Perceptions of Climate Change Worldwide. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 2(6), 871-885. doi: 10.1002/wcc.146
  • Calculli, C., D’Uggento, A. M., Labarile, A. & Ribecco, N. (2021). Evaluating People’s Awareness About Climate Changes and Environmental Issues: A Case Study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 324, 129244. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129244
  • Fairbrother, M., Johansson Sevä, I. & Kulin, J. (2019). Political Trust and The Relationship Between Climate Change Beliefs and Support for Fossil Fuel Taxes: Evidence from a Survey of 23 European Countries. Global Environmental Change, 59, 102003. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.102003
  • Franzen, A. & Vogl, D. (2013). Two Decades of Measuring Environmental Attitudes: A Comparative Analysis of 33 Countries. Global Environmental Change, 23(5), 1001-1008. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.03.009
  • Frondel, M., Simora, M. & Sommer, S. (2017). Risk Perception of Climate Change: Empirical Evidence for Germany. Ecological Economics, 137, 173-183. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.02.019
  • Greif, A. (2006), Institutions and the Path to the Modern Economy: Lessons from Medieval Trade. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • IPCC. (2014). Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Core Writing Team, R. K. Pachauri & L. A. Meyer (Ed.)]. IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 151.
  • IPCC. (2018). “Summary for Policymakers” Global Warming of 1.5°C. An IPCC Special Report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty içinde, [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, H.-O. Pörtner, D. Roberts, J. Skea, P.R. Shukla, A. Pirani, W. Moufouma-Okia, C. Péan, R. Pidcock, S. Connors, J.B.R. Matthews, Y. Chen, X. Zhou, M.I. Gomis, E. Lonnoy, T. Maycock, M. Tignor, and T. Waterfield (Ed.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, 3-24, doi:10.1017/9781009157940.001.
  • Knight, K. W. (2016). Public Awareness and Perception of Climate Change: A Quantitative Cross-National Study. Environmental Sociology, 2(1), 101-113. doi: 10.1080/23251042.2015.1128055
  • Lee, T. M., Markowitz, E. M., Howe, P. D., Ko, C.-Y. & Leiserowitz, A. A. (2015). Predictors Of Public Climate Change Awareness and Risk Perception Around the World. Nature Climate Change, 5(11), 1014-1020. doi: 10.1038/nclimate2728
  • Leiserowitz, A. A. (2004). Day After Tomorrow: Study of Climate Change Risk Perception. Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development, 46(9), 22-39. doi: 10.1080/00139150409603663
  • Luís, S., Vauclair, C.-M. & Lima, M. L. (2018). Raising Awareness of Climate Change Causes? Cross-National Evidence for The Normalization of Societal Risk Perception of Climate Change. Environmental Science & Policy, 80, 74-81. doi: 10.1016/j.envsci.2017.11.015
  • Matthews, R. C. O. (1986). The Economics of Institutions and the Sources of Growth. The Economic Journal, 96(384), 903-918. doi:10.2307/2233164
  • Meadows, D. H., Meadows, D. H., Randers, J. & Behrens III, W. W. (1972). The Limits to Growth: A Report to The Club of Rome. Google Scholar, 91, 2.
  • North, D. C. (2010), Kurumlar, Kurumsal Değişim ve Ekonomik Performans. G. Ç. Güven (Çev.). İstanbul: Sabancı Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Porta, D. & Portos, M. (2021). Rich Kids of Europe? Social Basis and Strategic Choices in The Climate Activism of Fridays for Future. Rivista Italiana Di Scienza Politica. https://doi.org/10.1017/ipo.2021.54
  • Poortinga, W., Spence, A., Whitmarsh, L., Capstick, S. & Pidgeon, N. F. (2011). Uncertain Climate: An Investigation into Public Scepticism About Anthropogenic Climate Change. Global Environmental Change, 21(3), 1015-1024. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.03.001
  • Poortinga, W., Whitmarsh, L., Steg, L., Böhm, G. & Fisher, S. (2019). Climate Change Perceptions and Their Individual-Level Determinants: A Cross-European Analysis. Global Environmental Change, 55, 25-35. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.01.007
  • Smith, E. K. & Mayer, A. (2018). A Social Trap for The Climate? Collective Action, Trust and Climate Change Risk Perception in 35 Countries. Global Environmental Change, 49, 140-153. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2018.02.014
  • Venghaus, S., Henseleit, M. & Belka, M. (2022). The Impact of Climate Change Awareness on Behavioral Changes in Germany: Changing Minds or Changing Behavior?. Energy, Sustainability and Society, 12(1), 8. doi: 10.1186/s13705-022-00334-8
  • Weber, E. U. (2016). What Shapes Perceptions of Climate Change? New Research Since 2010. WIREs Climate Change, 7(1), 125-134. doi: 10.1002/wcc.377
  • Williams, R. (2006). Generalized Ordered Logit/Partial Proportional Odds Models for Ordinal Dependent Variables. The Stata Journal, 6(1), 58-82.
  • Zaalberg, R., Midden, C., Meijnders, A. & McCalley, T. (2009). Prevention, Adaptation, and Threat Denial: Flooding Experiences in the Netherlands. Risk Analysis, 29(12), 1759-1778. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01316.x
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Erol Türker Tümer 0000-0002-5180-0150

Elif Korkmaz Tümer 0000-0002-5182-8313

Özge Erdölek Kozal 0000-0002-5542-6290

Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Mayıs 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Tümer, E. T., Korkmaz Tümer, E., & Erdölek Kozal, Ö. (2023). İklim Değişikliği Farkındalığı ve Kurum Algısı: Avrupa Ülkeleri Üzerine Ampirik Bir Analiz. Fiscaoeconomia, 7(2), 1511-1535. https://doi.org/10.25295/fsecon.1263231

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