Yapay zeka tarafından kontrol edilen yeni bir termoelektrik CPU soğutma sistemi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 1, 113 - 124, 21.08.2023

İlhan Umut , Dinçer Akal

https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1150632

Öz

Merkezi İşlem Birimi'ndeki (CPU) aşırı sıcaklık artışı nedeniyle, bilgisayarlar zamanla kapanma ve sistem hasarları meydana gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, CPU'daki sıcaklığı azaltmak amacıyla yeni bir termoelektrik soğutma sistemi tasarlanmıştır. Ayrıca sistemin dinamik kontrolü için 3 farklı yapay zeka modeli oluşturulup başarıları karşılaştırılmıştır. Yeni soğutma sistemi, termoelektrik modül kullanılarak tasarlanmıştır. Sisteme eklediğimiz termoelektrik soğutucu ile CPU arasındaki sıcaklık farkından faydalanarak fazla ısıyı iletim ve konveksiyon yoluyla uzaklaştırmaktır. Termoelektrik soğutucunun sıcaklığı her zaman CPU sıcaklığından düşük olacağından dolayı etkin soğutma sağlanmış olacaktır. Soğutma ünitesinin kontrolü için özel bir elektronik devre ve yazılım geliştirilmiştir. Ek soğutma sistemini dinamik olarak kontrol etmek için üç farklı yapay zeka modeli (yapay sinir ağı, rastgele orman ve k-en yakın komşu) oluşturulup başarıları karşılaştırılmıştır. Yapay zeka, termoelektrik soğutma sisteminin gücünü ve fan hızını belirler. Bu kontrolü belirli bir CPU yükü veya belirli bir sıcaklık değeri yerine tüm parametreleri (CPU frekansı, voltajı, işlem sayısı gibi farklı değerler) değerlendirerek gerçekleştirir. Maksimum yükte CPU sıcaklığı 41⁰C iken, tasarlanan termoelektrik soğutma sistemi sayesinde bu sıcaklık 31⁰C'ye düşürülmüştür. Tüm yöntemler eğitimde yüksek bir sınıflandırma başarısı sağlamıştır. Ancak yapay sinir ağı yönteminin sınıflandırma başarısı (%97,973) rastgele ormana (%97,297) ve k-en yakın komşuya (%96,306) göre daha yüksektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

CPU, sıcaklık, termoelektrik soğutma, enerji, yapay zeka

A novel thermoelectric CPU cooling system controlled by artificial intelligence

Öz

Due to the excessive temperature rise in the Central Processing Unit (CPU), computers shut down and system damage occurs over time. In this study, a new thermoelectric cooling system is designed to reduce the temperature in the CPU. In addition, 3 different artificial intelligence models were created for the dynamic control of the system and their successes were compared.
The new cooling system is designed using a thermoelectric module. It is to remove the excess heat by conduction and convection by taking advantage of the temperature difference between the thermoelectric cooler and the CPU we add to the system. Since the temperature of the thermoelectric cooler will always be lower than the CPU temperature, effective cooling will be provided. A special electronic circuit and software have been developed for the control of the cooling unit. Three different artificial intelligence models (artificial neural network, random forest, and k-nearest neighbor) were created to dynamically control the additional cooling system and their successes were compared. Artificial intelligence determines the power and fan speed of the thermoelectric cooling system. It performs this control by evaluating all parameters (different values such as CPU frequency, voltage, number of processes) instead of a specific CPU load or a specific temperature value.
While the CPU temperature was 41⁰C at maximum load, this temperature was reduced to 31⁰C thanks to the designed thermoelectric cooling system. All methods provided a high classification success in education. However, the classification success of the artificial neural network method (97.973%) is higher than the random forest (97.297%) and the k-nearest neighbor (96.306%).

Anahtar Kelimeler

CPU, Temperature, Thermoelectric cooling, Energy, Artificial Intelligence

Kaynakça

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