Chinua Achebe'nin ‘Things Fall Apart’ Romanında Kültürel, Dinsel ve Dilsel Hibritlik (Melezlik)

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 174 - 188, 17.03.2024

Kanan Aghasıyev

Öz

Chinua Achebe'in 1958 tarihli ‘Things Fall Apart’ adlı romanı bu makalenin konusudur. Avrupalılar, sömürgecilik döneminde Afrika ve dünyanın birçok yerinde, kendi yasalarını ve siyasi yapılarını yaymışlar ve yerli gelenekleri din aracılığıyla kısıtlamış veya yasaklamışlardır. Roman, Afrikalı insanların özellikle Nijeryalı İgbo halkının Avrupa sömürgeciliğini deneyimlediği bir dönemi anlatır. Makale, postkolonyal teoriyi ve Homi Bhabha'nın melezlik (hybridity) kavramını kullanarak, Afrika ve Nijerya'da Avrupa sömürgeciliğinin İgbo halkı üzerinde yarattığı dil, kültür ve dini değişiklikleri açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Makale çoğunlukla, başkahraman Okonkwo'nun yaşamından birkaç örneğe ve İngilizlerin İgbo halkına getirdiği değişikliklerle nasıl başa çıktığına odaklanacaktır. Ayrıca, sömürgeciliğin İgbo kültürünü nasıl olumsuz etkilediğini tartışmaktadır. Makalenin sonunda, okuyucular, romandan ve Achebe'in hayatından örnekler kullanarak Homi Bhabha'nın din, kültür ve dil açısından melezlik kavramını görebileceklerdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chinua Achebe, Things Fall Apart, Postkolonyal Afrika Edebiyatı, Igbo, Hybridity, Homi Bhabha, Okonkwo

Cultural, Religious, and Linguistic Hybridity in Chinua Achebe’s Novel Things Fall Apart

Öz

The 1958 novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe is the subject of this article. Europeans propagated their own laws and political structure while restricting or outlawing native customs via the use of religion in Africa and many other parts of the world during the time of colonialism. In the novel, African people, specifically, Nigerian Igbo people, experience European colonialism. By using postcolonial theory and Homi Bhabha’s concept of hybridity, the article seeks to illustrate all the linguistic, cultural, and religious changes that Igbo people experienced as a result of European colonialism in Africa and Nigeria. The paper will mostly focus on a few instances from the life of the protagonist, Okonkwo, and how he dealt with the changes that the British introduced to the Igbo people. Moreover, it discusses how colonialism affected Igbo culture negatively. At the end of the article, readers will be able to see Homi Bhabha’s concept of hybridity in terms of religion, culture, and language by using examples from the novel and Achebe's life.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chinua Achebe, Things Fall Apart, Postcolonial African Literature, Igbo, Hybridity, Homi Bhabha, Okonkwo

Kaynakça

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