Araştırma Makalesi
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Dört ve Beş Yıldızlı Otel İşletmeleri Çalışanlarının İşe Adanmışlık Düzeylerinin Demografik Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi: Orta ve Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi Örneği

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 336 - 347, 26.06.2020

Öz

İnsan kaynağı, işletmelerin sahip olduğu en değerli kaynaklardan biri olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, iş gücünün işe adanmış çalışanlardan oluşması, rekabetle başa çıkabilmek ve örgütsel çıktılara katkının üst düzeye çıkartılabilmesi açısından son derece önemlidir. Ayrıca, çalışanların işe adanmışlık düzeylerinin demografik değişkenlere göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığının belirlenmesinin de belirtilen olumlu örgütsel etkiler bakımından önem arz ettiği ifade edilebilir. Bu bağlamda araştırma, Orta ve Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren 4 ve 5 yıldızlı otellerde çalışmakta olan 462 katılımcı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışanların demografik değişkenlere göre işe adanmışlık düzeylerinde anlamlı bir farklılık olup olmadığını test etmek için Bağımsız örneklem t testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, çalışanların işe adanmışlıklarının eğitim düzeyleri ve yaş gruplarına göre anlamlı şekilde farklılaştığı, diğer değişkenler açısından ise anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.

Teşekkür

Bu araştırma 1. yazarın 2. yazar danışmanlığında hazırladığı doktora tezinden üretilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Arabacı, T. (2012). The Role of Organizational Trust on Work Engagement – With The Moderating Effect of Work Pressure. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Ariani, D. W. (2013). The Relationship between Employee Engagement,OrganizationalCitizenship Behavior, and Counterproductive Work Behavior. International Journal of Business Administration 4 (2), 46-56.
  • Avery, D.R., McKay, P. F. & Wilson, D. C. (2007). Engaging the Aging Workforce: The Relationship Between Perceived Age Similarity, Satisfaction with Coworkers, and Employee Engagement. Journal of Applied Psychology 92 (6), 1542-1556.
  • Babcock-Roberson, M.E. & Strickland, O.J. (2010). The Relationship Between Charismatic Leadership, Work Engagement and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors. The Journal of Psychology 144 (3), 313-326.
  • Bakalcı, H. (2010). İşe Gönülden Adanma ve İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi Uygulamaları Arasındaki İlişki ve Bir Örnek Olay. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul: Bahçededir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2008). Towards a Model of Work Engagement. Career Development International, 12, 209–223.
  • Bakker, A.B., Albrecht, S.L. & Leiter, M.P. (2011). Key Questions Regarding Work Engagement. European Journal of Work And Organızational Psychology. 20(1), 4-28.
  • Brown, D. & Reilly, P. (2013). Reward and Engagement: The New Realities. Compensation & Benefits Review. 45(3), 145-157.
  • Czerw, A. & Grabowski, D. (2015). Work Attitudes and Work Ethic as Predictors of Work Engagement among Polish Employees. Polish Psychological Bulletin. 46(4), 503–512.
  • Deligero C., Joseph L. & Laguador, J.M. (2014). Work Engagement among Employees and Its Relationship with Work Units’ Performance of a Higher Education Institution. International Journal of Management Sciences 3 (12), 909-917.
  • Du Plesis, M. & Boshoff, A.B. (2018). The Role of Psychological Capital in the Relationship Between Authentic Leadership and Work Engagement. South African Journal of Human Resource Management. 16, 1-9.
  • Hakanen, J.J., Perhoniemi, R. & Toppinen-Tanner, S. (2008). Positive Gain Spirals at Work: From Job Resources to Work Engagement, Personal İnitiative and Work Unit Innovativeness. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 73, 78-91.
  • Hoole, C. & Hotz, G. (2016). The Impact Of A Total Reward System of Work Engagement.South Africa Journal of Industrial Psychology. 42(1), 1-14.
  • Jaupi, F. & Llaci, S. (2015). The Impact of Communication Satisfaction and Demographic Variables on Employee Engagement. Journal of Service Science and Management 8, 191-200.
  • Kahn, W.A. (1990). Psychological Conditions of Personal Engagement and Disengagement at Work. Academy of Management Journal, 33 (4), 692-724.
  • Karatepe, O.M. (2011). Perceptions of Organizational Politics and Hotel Employee Outcomes The Mediating Role of Work Engagement. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 25 (1), 82-104.
  • Kim, N. & Kang, S-W. (2017). Older and More Engaged: The Mediating Role of Age-Linked Resources on Work Engagement. Human Resources Management, 56 (5), 731-746.
  • Kong, Y. (2009). A Study on the Job Engagement of Company Employees. International Journal of Psychological Studies 1 (2), 65-68.
  • Koyuncu, M., Burke, R.J. & Fiksenbaum, L. (2006).Work Engagement Among Women Managers and Professionals in a Turkish Bank Potential Antecedents and Consequences. Equal Opportunities International 25 (4), 299- 310.
  • Laba, K. & Geldenhuys, M. (2018). Positive Interaction Between Work and Home, and Psychological Availability on Women’s Work Engagement: A ‘Shortitudinal’ Study. South African Journal of Industrial Psychology. 44, 1-11.
  • Lolitha, C.V. & Johnson, J. (2015). Employee Engagement and Organisational Commitment Among it Sector Employees in Kerala. Twelfth AIMS International Conference on Management. Hindistan.
  • Macey, W.H. ve Schneider, B. (2008). The Meaning of Employee Engagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology 1 (1), 3-30.
  • Mahboubi, M. vd. (2015). Evaluation of Work Engagement and its Determinants in Kermanshah Hospitals Staff in 2013. Global Journal of Health Science 7 (2), 170-176.
  • Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W.B. & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job Burnout.” Annual Review Psychology 52 (1): 397-422.
  • Moodley, S. N. (2010). Personality and Work Engagement in a Financial Institution. Yüksek LisansTezi. University of South Africa.
  • Özkalp, E. ve Meydan, B. (2015). Schaufeli ve Bakker Tarafından Geliştirilmiş Olan İşe Angaje Olma Ölçeğinin Türkçe’de Güvenirlik ve Geçerliliğinin Analizi. İş, Güç, Endüstri ve İnsan Kaynakları Dergisi 17 (3), 4-19.
  • Özyılmaz, A. ve Süner, Z. (2015). İşe Adanmışlığın İşyeri Tutumlarına Etkisi: Hatay’daki Dokuz İşletmede Yapılan Ampirik Araştırmanın Sonuçları. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 10 (3),143-164.
  • Rich, B. L., LePine, J. A., & Crawford, E. R. (2010). Job engagement: Antecedents and Effects on Job Performance. Academy of Management Journal, 53(3), 617–635.
  • Rigg, J. vd. (2014). Employee Engagement in Jamaican Hotels: Do Demographic and Organizational Characteristics Matter. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism 13, 1-16.
  • Robertson S.G. & Markwick, C.(2009). Employee Engagement: A review of Current Thinking. Institute for Employment Studies. UK.
  • Sağsan, M. ve Fırtına, B. (2015). Bilgi Mesleğine Bağlılık ve Adanmışlık: Platonik Bir İlişkinin Gelgitleri ve Profesyonellikle İmtihanı. Bilgi Dünyası 16(1), 1-22.
  • Saks, A.M. (2006). Antecedents and Consequences of Employee Engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology 21(7), 606-619.
  • Schaufeli, W.B. vd. (2002). The Measurement of Engagement and Burnout: A Two Sample Confirmatory Factor Analytic Approach. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3(1), 71-92.
  • Schaufeli, W.B., Bakker, A.B. & Salanova, M.(2006). The Measurement of Work Engagement With a Short Questionnaire a Cross National Study. Educational and Psychological Measurement 66 (4), 701-716.
  • Shukla, S., Adhikari, B. ve Singh, V. (2015). Employee Engagement Role of Demographic Variables and Personality Factors. Amity Global HRM Review. 5, 65-73.
  • Swaminathan, J. & Ananth, A (2009). Impact of Demographic Factors on Employee Engagement: A Study with Reference to Vasan Publications Private Limited, Chennai. Munich Personal RePEc Archive. 9, 1-11.
  • Vorina, A., Pirtovšek, D. & Hrepevnik, D. (2015). Analysis of the Correlation Between Marital Status, Smoking Habits and Employee Engagement. Regional Scientific-Business Conference; Leadership and Management. Sırbistan.
  • Xanthopoulou, D., Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2009). Work Engagement and Financial Returns: A Diary Study on the Role of Job and Personal Resources. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 82,183–200.
  • Yıluzar, H. (2016). Kişi-Örgüt Uyumu ile İşe Adanmışlık ve Örgütsel Bağlılık İlişkisi: Sağlık Sektöründe Bir Araştırma. Yayımlamamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Antalya: Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.

Examination of Work Engagement Levels of Four and Five Star Hotels Employees According to Demographic Variables: The Case of Middle and East Black Sea Region

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 336 - 347, 26.06.2020

Öz

Human resources are considered as one of the most valuable resources for an organization. In this context, workforce comprised of dedicated workers is very important in terms of being able to cope with the competition and to carry the contribution of organizational output to a higher level. In terms of these positive organizational effects it is important to determine whether the level of work engagement of the employees differ according to demographic variables. In this context, the study was conducted with the participation of 462 employees working in 4 and 5 star hotels in the Central and Eastern Black Sea Region. Independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to test whether there was a significant difference in the work engagement levels of employees according to the demographic variables. Results indicated that the engagement level of the employees were significantly different according to the educational levels and age groups, and there was no significant difference in terms of the other demografic variables.

Kaynakça

  • Arabacı, T. (2012). The Role of Organizational Trust on Work Engagement – With The Moderating Effect of Work Pressure. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul: Marmara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Ariani, D. W. (2013). The Relationship between Employee Engagement,OrganizationalCitizenship Behavior, and Counterproductive Work Behavior. International Journal of Business Administration 4 (2), 46-56.
  • Avery, D.R., McKay, P. F. & Wilson, D. C. (2007). Engaging the Aging Workforce: The Relationship Between Perceived Age Similarity, Satisfaction with Coworkers, and Employee Engagement. Journal of Applied Psychology 92 (6), 1542-1556.
  • Babcock-Roberson, M.E. & Strickland, O.J. (2010). The Relationship Between Charismatic Leadership, Work Engagement and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors. The Journal of Psychology 144 (3), 313-326.
  • Bakalcı, H. (2010). İşe Gönülden Adanma ve İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi Uygulamaları Arasındaki İlişki ve Bir Örnek Olay. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul: Bahçededir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2008). Towards a Model of Work Engagement. Career Development International, 12, 209–223.
  • Bakker, A.B., Albrecht, S.L. & Leiter, M.P. (2011). Key Questions Regarding Work Engagement. European Journal of Work And Organızational Psychology. 20(1), 4-28.
  • Brown, D. & Reilly, P. (2013). Reward and Engagement: The New Realities. Compensation & Benefits Review. 45(3), 145-157.
  • Czerw, A. & Grabowski, D. (2015). Work Attitudes and Work Ethic as Predictors of Work Engagement among Polish Employees. Polish Psychological Bulletin. 46(4), 503–512.
  • Deligero C., Joseph L. & Laguador, J.M. (2014). Work Engagement among Employees and Its Relationship with Work Units’ Performance of a Higher Education Institution. International Journal of Management Sciences 3 (12), 909-917.
  • Du Plesis, M. & Boshoff, A.B. (2018). The Role of Psychological Capital in the Relationship Between Authentic Leadership and Work Engagement. South African Journal of Human Resource Management. 16, 1-9.
  • Hakanen, J.J., Perhoniemi, R. & Toppinen-Tanner, S. (2008). Positive Gain Spirals at Work: From Job Resources to Work Engagement, Personal İnitiative and Work Unit Innovativeness. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 73, 78-91.
  • Hoole, C. & Hotz, G. (2016). The Impact Of A Total Reward System of Work Engagement.South Africa Journal of Industrial Psychology. 42(1), 1-14.
  • Jaupi, F. & Llaci, S. (2015). The Impact of Communication Satisfaction and Demographic Variables on Employee Engagement. Journal of Service Science and Management 8, 191-200.
  • Kahn, W.A. (1990). Psychological Conditions of Personal Engagement and Disengagement at Work. Academy of Management Journal, 33 (4), 692-724.
  • Karatepe, O.M. (2011). Perceptions of Organizational Politics and Hotel Employee Outcomes The Mediating Role of Work Engagement. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 25 (1), 82-104.
  • Kim, N. & Kang, S-W. (2017). Older and More Engaged: The Mediating Role of Age-Linked Resources on Work Engagement. Human Resources Management, 56 (5), 731-746.
  • Kong, Y. (2009). A Study on the Job Engagement of Company Employees. International Journal of Psychological Studies 1 (2), 65-68.
  • Koyuncu, M., Burke, R.J. & Fiksenbaum, L. (2006).Work Engagement Among Women Managers and Professionals in a Turkish Bank Potential Antecedents and Consequences. Equal Opportunities International 25 (4), 299- 310.
  • Laba, K. & Geldenhuys, M. (2018). Positive Interaction Between Work and Home, and Psychological Availability on Women’s Work Engagement: A ‘Shortitudinal’ Study. South African Journal of Industrial Psychology. 44, 1-11.
  • Lolitha, C.V. & Johnson, J. (2015). Employee Engagement and Organisational Commitment Among it Sector Employees in Kerala. Twelfth AIMS International Conference on Management. Hindistan.
  • Macey, W.H. ve Schneider, B. (2008). The Meaning of Employee Engagement. Industrial and Organizational Psychology 1 (1), 3-30.
  • Mahboubi, M. vd. (2015). Evaluation of Work Engagement and its Determinants in Kermanshah Hospitals Staff in 2013. Global Journal of Health Science 7 (2), 170-176.
  • Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W.B. & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job Burnout.” Annual Review Psychology 52 (1): 397-422.
  • Moodley, S. N. (2010). Personality and Work Engagement in a Financial Institution. Yüksek LisansTezi. University of South Africa.
  • Özkalp, E. ve Meydan, B. (2015). Schaufeli ve Bakker Tarafından Geliştirilmiş Olan İşe Angaje Olma Ölçeğinin Türkçe’de Güvenirlik ve Geçerliliğinin Analizi. İş, Güç, Endüstri ve İnsan Kaynakları Dergisi 17 (3), 4-19.
  • Özyılmaz, A. ve Süner, Z. (2015). İşe Adanmışlığın İşyeri Tutumlarına Etkisi: Hatay’daki Dokuz İşletmede Yapılan Ampirik Araştırmanın Sonuçları. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 10 (3),143-164.
  • Rich, B. L., LePine, J. A., & Crawford, E. R. (2010). Job engagement: Antecedents and Effects on Job Performance. Academy of Management Journal, 53(3), 617–635.
  • Rigg, J. vd. (2014). Employee Engagement in Jamaican Hotels: Do Demographic and Organizational Characteristics Matter. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism 13, 1-16.
  • Robertson S.G. & Markwick, C.(2009). Employee Engagement: A review of Current Thinking. Institute for Employment Studies. UK.
  • Sağsan, M. ve Fırtına, B. (2015). Bilgi Mesleğine Bağlılık ve Adanmışlık: Platonik Bir İlişkinin Gelgitleri ve Profesyonellikle İmtihanı. Bilgi Dünyası 16(1), 1-22.
  • Saks, A.M. (2006). Antecedents and Consequences of Employee Engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology 21(7), 606-619.
  • Schaufeli, W.B. vd. (2002). The Measurement of Engagement and Burnout: A Two Sample Confirmatory Factor Analytic Approach. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3(1), 71-92.
  • Schaufeli, W.B., Bakker, A.B. & Salanova, M.(2006). The Measurement of Work Engagement With a Short Questionnaire a Cross National Study. Educational and Psychological Measurement 66 (4), 701-716.
  • Shukla, S., Adhikari, B. ve Singh, V. (2015). Employee Engagement Role of Demographic Variables and Personality Factors. Amity Global HRM Review. 5, 65-73.
  • Swaminathan, J. & Ananth, A (2009). Impact of Demographic Factors on Employee Engagement: A Study with Reference to Vasan Publications Private Limited, Chennai. Munich Personal RePEc Archive. 9, 1-11.
  • Vorina, A., Pirtovšek, D. & Hrepevnik, D. (2015). Analysis of the Correlation Between Marital Status, Smoking Habits and Employee Engagement. Regional Scientific-Business Conference; Leadership and Management. Sırbistan.
  • Xanthopoulou, D., Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2009). Work Engagement and Financial Returns: A Diary Study on the Role of Job and Personal Resources. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 82,183–200.
  • Yıluzar, H. (2016). Kişi-Örgüt Uyumu ile İşe Adanmışlık ve Örgütsel Bağlılık İlişkisi: Sağlık Sektöründe Bir Araştırma. Yayımlamamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Antalya: Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Didem Öztürk Çiftci 0000-0003-0358-2731

Hülya Erkanlı 0000-0002-7747-8673

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Haziran 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Mart 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Öztürk Çiftci, D., & Erkanlı, H. (2020). Dört ve Beş Yıldızlı Otel İşletmeleri Çalışanlarının İşe Adanmışlık Düzeylerinin Demografik Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi: Orta ve Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi Örneği. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 11(2), 336-347. https://doi.org/10.36362/gumus.678028