Ar-Ge Harcamalarının Yüksek Teknoloji Ürün İhracatına Etkisi: AB’ye Üye Geçiş Ekonomileri ve Türkiye Analizi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 767 - 781, 25.10.2020

Mehmet Akyol , Selim Demez

Öz

Ar-Ge harcamalarının yüksek teknoloji ürün ihracatı üzerinde meydana getirdiği etkiler özellikle son on yıldır ekonomi çevrelerinin dikkatini çeken bir konu haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada Ar-Ge faaliyetlerinin yüksek teknoloji ürün ihracatı üzerindeki etkisi analiz edilmiştir. Geçiş ekonomileri olarak da adlandırılan ve AB’ye üye olan 10 ülke (Bulgaristan, Çek Cumhuriyeti, Hırvatistan, Macaristan, Polonya, Romanya, Slovakya, Estonya, Letonya, Litvanya) ile birlik dışında bulunan Türkiye, çalışmanın ülke grubunu oluşturmaktadır. 2007-2017 yılları arası dönemin analiz edildiği çalışmada panel veri ekonometrisinden yararlanılmıştır. GSYH, yatırım özgürlüğü, Ar-Ge harcamaları, eğitim düzeyi, bilim ve teknoloji alanında istihdam edilen beşeri sermaye gibi değişkenlerde meydana gelen artışların yüksek teknoloji ürün ihracatını pozitif yönde etkilediği saptanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular, ülke hükümetleri tarafından geliştirilecek olan ve özellikle yapısal reformlar olarak da adlandırılan her türlü iyileştirmenin teknolojinin gelişmesine olumlu katkı yapacağı ve bu şekilde yüksek teknoloji ürün ihracatının arttırılarak ekonomik gelişmişlik düzeyine pozitif etki edeceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ar-Ge, yüksek teknoloji, panel veri

The Effect of R&D Expenses on High Technology Product Exports: Panel Data Analysis for Transition Economies That Are Member of The EU and Turkey

Öz

The impacts of R&D spending upon the exports of the high tech products have attracted attention of the economic circles in the recent decade. This study analyzes the effects of the R&D activities upon the exportation of the high tech products with reference to ten EU countries in transition (Bulgaria, Checzia, Croatia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania) as well as Turkey for the period of 2007-2017 by relying on panel data econometrics. The study finds that any increase in the variables of GDP, investment liberty, R&D spending level of education and human capital employed in the research sector positively affects the exportation of high technology products. The findings show that improvement in the structural reforms have the potential of contributing to the high tech manufacturing in these countries and to the economic development of these nations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

R&D, High-tech, panel data

Kaynakça

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