Türkiye ‘de tescilli makarnalık buğday (Triticum durum) ve yerel çeşitlerin sürme hastalığına karşı moleküler taraması

Yıl 2024, , 29 - 38, 25.03.2024

Ahmet Çat

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.1342413

Öz

Basidiomycetes fungusu Tilletia caries ve Tilletia foetida’ nın neden olduğu sürme hastalığı buğdayda pas (Puccinia spp.) hastalıklarından sonra önemli bir hastalıktır. Bu hastalığı kontrol etmek için genellikle tohum ilaçlaması yapılır, ancak son zamanlarda etkinliği azalmıştır. Bu nedenle, hastalık ile mücadelede dayanıklı bitki materyalleri tercih edilmektedir. Bu kapsamda, mevcut çalışmada toplam 61 tescilli makarnalık buğday çeşidinde ve yerel çeşitlerde sürme dayanıklılık genlerini (Bt8, Bt10 ve Bt11) moleküler tekniklerle belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. PCR analizinde, kullanılan bitki materyallerinde Bt dayanıklılık genlerini tanımlamak için SSR belirteci Xgwm114 kullanılmıştır. Moleküler sonuçlara göre, test edilen tescilli çeşit ve yerel çeşitlerin çoğunda t8 dayanıklılık geninin bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir (15 tescilli çeşit ve 5 yerel çeşit). Ayrıca, sonuçlar test edilen materyallerin gen kombinasyonu içermediği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Türkiye'deki tescilli makarnalık buğday ve yerel çeşitlerde sürme dayanıklılık genlerinin tanımlandığı ilk moleküler çalışmadır. Ayrıca, bu bulgular buğdayda sürme hastalığı ile ilgili ıslah programlarında kullanılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Makarnalık buğday, sürme, Bt genleri, dayanıklılık genleri, belirteç

Molecular screening of registered durum wheat (Triticum durum) varieties and landraces to common bunt disease in Türkiye

Öz

Common bunt caused by the basidiomycetes fungi Tilletia caries and Tilletia foetida is significant wheat disease, particularly following rust (Puccinia spp.) diseases. Seed treatment with fungicides has traditionally been the primary method for disease control. However recently its effectiveness has reduced. Growing resistant plant materials are therefore preferred to management of common bunt disease. In this regard, the current study was conducted to detect common bunt resistance genes (Bt8, Bt10, and Bt11) in a total of 61 registered durum wheat varieties and landraces using molecular techniques. In PCR assay, these plant materials were screened with SSR marker Xgwm114 to identify whether they carried any of the Bt resistance genes. According to the molecular results, most of the tested varieties and landraces were found in the Bt8 resistance gene (15 registered varieties and 5 landraces). Additionally, the results showed that none of the tested varieties and landraces had gene combinations. To sum up, this is the first molecular study to identify common bunt resistance genes in durum wheat varieties and landraces in Türkiye. Furthermore, these findings can be used in breeding programs to management with common bunt disease.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Durum wheat, common bunt, Bt genes, resistance genes, marker

Kaynakça

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