In vitro Koşullarda Bazı Lokal Trichoderma harzianum İzolatları Kullanılarak Bakla Yaprak Lekesi Hastalığı Etmeni Alternaria alternata’ nın Biyolojik Kontrolü

Yıl 2018, , 169 - 178, 25.06.2018

Mukaddes Kayım , Amin Mohammed Yones , Ali Endes

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.329976

Cited By: 5

Öz

Bakla,Türkiye’de taze
olarak tüketilen yaygın baklagiller arasında yer almaktadır. Alternaria
alternata'nın neden olduğu Bakla yaprak leke hastalığı, Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde görülen önemli bir fungal
hastalığıdır.  Bu çalışmada Yaprak leke hastalığına karşı uygun mücadele
stratejilerini belirlemek için in vitro koşullarda
antagonist Trichoderma harzianum ile denemeler
yürütülmüştür. Trichoderma harzianum ile denemeler
yürütülmüştür. Deneme, Beşer adet  A. alternata (A1, A2, A3, A4 ve A5) ve T. harzianum izolatları (T1, T2, T3, T4 ve Tc) ile kontrol parseli dahil,
tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre toplam 25 uygulama olarak kurulmuştur.
Petride, İkili kültür şeklinde yapılan testlerde, T. harzianum
izolatlarının A. alternata’yı engelleme
oranın, % 53.85 ile 82.81 aralığında olduğu belirlenmiştir. A. alternata fungal patojenlere karşı T. harzianum’un T2 ve T3 izolatlarının en yüksek antagonistik etki
gösterdiği, yaprak lezyonlarının uzunluk ve genişlik çapının en az olması ile
saptanmıştır. Alternaria veTrichoderma türlerinin teşhisi, rDNA’sının ITS gen dizisinin NCBI Gen
Bankasında nükleotid karşılaştırma analizi (nBLAST) ile belirlenmiştir. Elde
edilen sonuçlara göre, T. harzianum’un, A. alternata’nın gelişiminin engelleyerek, bakla yaprak leke
hastalığının kontrolünde bir antagonistik potansiyel olarak kullanılabileceğini
göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antagonism, ITS, Trichoderma harzianum, Alternaria alternate, Bakla (Vicia faba L.), İkili Kültür, Koparılmış yaprak, Patojenisite

Biocontrol of Alternaria alternata Causing Leaf Spot Disease on Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Using Some Trichoderma harzianum Isolates Under In vitro Condition

Öz

Faba bean is among common legume crops used as a fresh
vegetable in Turkey. Alternaria alternata is
one of the main fungal diseases attacking faba bean in Turkey. Investigation of
leaf spot disease of faba bean was carried out to find out suitable management
strategies under laboratory condition. Five A. alternata (A1, A2, A3, A4, and
A5) and five Trichoderma harzianum isolates (T1, T2, T3, T4, and Tc) including control
were arranged in complete randomized design factorial, forming a total of 25
treatments. Dual culture plate test revealed that the percentage growth
inhibition of A. alternata by T. harzianum was in the
range of 53.85 to 82.81 %. In addition, Trichoderma isolates (T2 and T3) were found the most effective with the
highest antagonistic activity against A. alternata isolates fungal pathogen caused minimum length and
width diameter of leaves lesions. The species of Alternaria and Trichoderma isolates were
identified according to cultural characteristics and alignment analysis of ITS
sequences in GenBank of NCBI. The results point out that T. harzianum provides the
use of high potential antagonists capable of controlling the leaf spot disease
of faba bean plant.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antagonism, ITS, Trichoderma harzianum, Alternaria alternata, Detached leaf, Dual culture, Faba bean (Vicia faba L.), Pathogenicity

Kaynakça

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