Pamuk Üzerine Sıcaklık Stresinin Etkisi

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 4, 238 - 249, 02.01.2016

Hasan Haliloğlu

Öz

Sürekli ya da zaman zaman görülen yüksek sıcaklıklar pamuğun büyüme ve gelişmesini etkilemekte, verimde ciddi azalmalara, biyokimyasal ve metabolik aktivitelerin değişmesine neden olabilmektedir. Sıcaklık stresinin zararlı etkileri, farklı genetik yaklaşımların kullanımı ile daha yüksek sıcaklık toleransına sahip bitkilerin geliştirilmesi sayesinde azaltılabilir. Bu amaç için bitkilerin sıcaklık karşısındaki biyokimyasal ve fizyolojik tepki ve tolerans mekanizmalarının bilinmesi gerekmektedir. Pamuk sıcak iklim bitkisi olup, iyi bir verim için çok yüksek sıcaklıklara gerek yoktur. Erken koza oluşum döneminde yüksek sıcaklık ile verim arasında olumsuz bir ilişki vardır. Pamuk gelişim süreci boyunca yüksek sıcaklığa hassas olmasına rağmen, özellikle generatif dönemde hassas olmakta ve çiçeklenme süresince çevresel stres bitki gelişimini ve verimliliğini sınırlayan en önemli faktör olmaktadır. Bu derlemede sıcaklık stresinin pamuk bitkisinin gelişimine etkileri üzerinde durulacaktır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pamuk; sıcaklık; tarak; çiçek; koza

Kaynakça

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