Pamukta (G. hirsutum L.) Farklı Priming Uygulamalarının Çimlenme ve Fide Gelişim Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 3, 343 - 356, 27.09.2017

Petek Toklu

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.339493

Öz

Ülkemiz için önemli bir ürün olan
pamuğun üretim artışında, yüksek verim potansiyeline sahip genetik potansiyeli
iyi olan çeşitlerin yetiştirilmesinin yanında, yetiştirme koşullarının optimize
edilmesi de önem taşıyan diğer bir faktördür. Bu faktörlerden biri de son
yıllarda üzerinde yoğunlaşılan bir konu olan priming (ekim öncesi tohum
uygulamaları) giderek önem taşımaktadır. Pamukta farklı priming uygulamalarının
tohumun çimlenme özellikleri ile fide gelişimi ve bitki kök ve toprak üstü kuru
madde miktarına etkisinin araştırıldığı bu çalışma, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Biyoteknoloji Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi
laboratuvarları ile araştırma-deneme seralarında 2013 ve 2014 yıllarında
yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, Çukurova koşullarında yaygın olarak yetiştirilen ve
bazı bitkisel karakterler yönünden birbirinden farklılık taşıyan SG 125 ve
Flash pamuk çeşitlerinin delinte edilmiş tohumları;
1) %3’lük Potasyumnitrat (KNO₃), 2) %10’luk Polietilenglikol
(PEG-8000) 3) Mannitol, 4) %2’lik Potasyum klorür (KCl) ve 5) Saf su priming
uygulamalarına tabi tutulmuş, 6) priming uygulamasız tohumlar ise kontrol olarak
değerlendirilmiştir.

Elde edilen sonuçlar, hem laboratuvar hem de saksı koşullarında
genel olarak Flash çeşidinin çimlenme özelliklerinin SG-125 çeşidine göre daha
iyi olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu bağlamda hem petri koşullarında hem de toprak
koşullarında saptanan çimlenme hızı ve gücü ile sürme hızı ve gücü değerleri
Flash çeşidinde, SG-125 çeşidine kıyasla önemli oranda daha yüksek
saptanmıştır. Priming uygulamaları içerisinde, özellikle Saf su ve Mannitol
uygulamalarının çimlenme ve fide gelişimi yönünden kontrol uygulamaları ve
diğer uygulamalara kıyasla avantajlar sağladığı, bu nedenle bu uygulamaların
pamuk tarımı yönünden avantaj sağlayabileceği ve bu uygulamalarla ilgili tarla
koşullarını da içeren daha detaylı araştırmalar yapılması gerektiği sonucuna
varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pamuk, Priming uygulaması, Çimlenme, Bitkisel özellik

Effects of Different Priming Treatments on Germination and Seedling Growth Properties of Cotton (G. hirsutum L.)

Öz

Cotton is an important fiber crop for Turkey and to increase cotton production it is important to optimize cultivation conditions as well as use of good varieties of genetic potential with high yield potency. Among these factors priming (pre-sowing seed treatments) treatments to the seeds getting importance last decade. This investigation, which  is aimed to search the effects of different priming treatments on germination, seedling growth properties, root and shoot growth of cotton was conducted at Çukurova University, Research Laboratory and Greenhauses of Biotechnology Research and Application Center, during 2013-2014 for two years. In this study, delinted seeds of SG-125 and Flash cotton varieties, which were widely grown in Cukurova conditions and differ from each other in terms of some plant characters, used as seed materials. The seeds were treated with priming agents as; 1) 3% Potassium nitrate (KNO₃) , 2) 10% polyethyleneglycol (PEG-8000) 3) Mannitol, 4) 2% Potassium chloride (KCl) 5) distilled water and 6) Control (non treated seeds).

The results showed that germination properties of Flash variety was superior compared to SG-125 under laboratory and pot conditions. By this context, under the petri and soil conditions germination percentage and seedling emergence percentage were higher in Flash cotton variety than the SG-125. Distilled water and Mannitol treatments to the cotton seeds provided advantages compared to non primed seeds (control) and remaining of the priming agents so, detailed research must be conducted under field conditions to get certain results.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cotton, Priming treatment, Germination, Plant characteristics

Kaynakça

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