Trabzon yöresinde yetişen Sibirya kivisi (Actinidia arguta) meyvesinin fenolik bileşiklerinin karakterizasyonu ile antioksidan ve antimikrobiyal aktivitesinin belirlenmesi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 3, 362 - 376, 23.09.2021

Mustafa Otağ , Selin Kalkan , Mehmet Soner Engin

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.889594

Öz

Bu çalışmada, literatürde hakkında sınırlı sayıda çalışma bulunan Sibirya kivisi meyvesinin farklı çözgenler (etanol ve metanol) kullanılarak elde edilen ekstraktlarında toplam fenolik madde içerikleri ve bu bileşiklerin dağılımı, antioksidan aktivite ve antimikrobiyal aktivitelerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla, ilk aşamada bitkinin fenolik bileşikleri ekstrakte edilerek en etkin çözgen sistemi tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci aşamasında ise elde edilen ekstraktların çözgenleri uçurularak kalan kuru maddede kromatografik olarak fenolik bileşiklerinin dağılımı ile spektrofotometrik olarak antioksidan aktiviteleri ve son olarak önemli gıda patojenlerine karşı antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri belirlenmiştir. Meyvelerin etanol ve metanol ekstraktlarında toplam fenolik içeriği ve antioksidan aktivitesi Folin-Ciocalteu ve ABTS antioksidan aktivite metotlarına göre tespit edilmiştir. Kivi örneklerinin fenolik profili HPLC-UV ile belirlenmiştir. 2017 yılında hasat edilen etanol ve metanol ile ekstrakte edilen Sibirya kivi örneklerine ait toplam fenolik madde sonuçları sırasıyla 761.7 ve 899.7 mg GAE.100g-1 iken 2018 yılında hasat edilen örneklerin etanol ve metanol ile ekstraktları ise 783.5 ve 931.6 mg GAE.100g-1 olarak bulunmuştur. 2017 hasat edilen etanol ve metanol ile ekstrakte edilen Sibirya kivi örneklerine ait ABTS antioksidan aktivite değerleri ise sırasıyla 87.6, 94.2 µM TE.g-1 TA iken 2018 yılında hasat edilen örneklerin ise 111.4 ve 118.1 µM TE.g-1 TA olarak tespit edilmiştir. Antimikrobiyal aktive sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde kivi meyvesinin metanol ekstraktları, etanol ekstraktlarına kıyasla daha yüksek bir antimikrobiyal etki göstermiştir. 2017 yılının hasatı olan kivi metanol ekstraklarının en yüksek antimikrobiyal etkiyi 40 µL emdirilen disk ile, Vibrio parahemolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella Typhimurium ve Proteus vulgaris’e (12.5±0.7 mm) gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. 2018 yılın hasatı olan kivi etanol ekstraktlarının ise Listeria monocytogenes’e (13.5±0.7 mm) karşı en yüksek antimikrobiyal aktiviteyi 40 µL emdirilen disk ile gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antimikrobiyal, Antioksidan, Fenolik madde, Actinidia arguta

Destekleyen Kurum

Giresun Üniversitesi

Proje Numarası

FEN-BAP-A-230218-07

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma Giresun Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi’nce maddi olarak desteklenmiştir (Proje No:FEN-BAP-A-230218-07).

Determination of the phenolic compound profile, antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity of Siberian kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta) grown in Trabzon Region

Öz

The aim of this study is to investigate the total phenolic content and distribution of these compounds, antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activities in the extracts of Siberian kiwifruit, which has not been studied much, using different solvents. At the first stage, the most effective solvent system of the kiwifruit to extract phenolic compounds was tried to be determined. In the second phase of the study, solvents were removed using a rotary evaporator to obtain extracts and the profiles of phenolic compounds in the remaining dry matter was tried to be determined by chromatographic, antioxidant activities by spectrophotometric method and finally antimicrobial activities were obtained by microbiologically. Phenolic profile of kiwi samples was determined by HPLC-UV. Total phenolic substance results of Siberian kiwi samples extracted with ethanol and methanol harvested in 2017 and 2018 were found to be 761.7, 899.7, 783.5 and 931.6 mg GAE. 100g-1, respectively. ABTS antioxidant activity values of Siberian kiwi samples extracted with ethanol and methanol harvested in 2017 and 2018 were determined as 87.6, 94.2, 111.4 and 118.1 µM TE g-1 TA, respectively. When the antimicrobial activity results were evaluated, the methanol extracts of kiwifruit showed a higher antimicrobial effect compared to ethanol extracts. It has been determined that kiwi methanol extracts (40 µL) harvested in 2017 showed the highest antimicrobial effect to Vibrio parahemolyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella Typhimurium and Proteus vulgaris (12.5 ± 0.7 mm). And, it was determined that kiwi ethanol extracts (40 µL), harvested in 2018, showed the highest antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes (13.5 ± 0.7 mm).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Antimicrobial, Antioxidants, Phenolic substance, Actinidia arguta

Proje Numarası

FEN-BAP-A-230218-07

Kaynakça

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