Hemodiyaliz Tedavisi Gören Hastalarda Diyaliz Yeterliliği ile Deneyimledikleri Semptomlar Arasındaki İlişki/ The Relationship Between Dialysis Adequacy and The Symptoms Experienced in Patients Under Hemodialysis Treatment

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 2, 43 - 52, 31.05.2024

Özlem Özdemir

https://doi.org/10.47565/ndthdt.2024.81

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan hastaların deneyimledikleri semptomlar ile diyaliz yeterliliği arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel tanımlayıcı türdeki çalışma Nisan 2023-Ocak 2024 tarihleri arasında 109 hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan hasta ile yürütüldü. Veriler ‘Hasta Veri Toplama Formu’ ve ‘Diyaliz Semptom İndeksi’ kullanılarak toplandı. Hastaların diyaliz yeterliliğini değerlendirmek için diyalitik madde klirensi değeri ve üre redüksiyon oranı kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Hastaların yaş ortalaması 62,06±12,75 ve Diyaliz Semptom İndeksi puan ortalaması 22,26±13,58 idi. Hastaların diyalitik madde klirensi ortalaması 1.71±0.34, üre redüksiyon oranı ise %73,49±8,64 idi. Hemodiyaliz hastalarının en sık (%81,7) ve en şiddetli (2,01±1,23) deneyimlediği semptom yorgun hissetme idi. Hemodiyaliz hastalarının Diyaliz Semptom İndeksi puan ortalaması ile hemoglobin düzeyi (r=-0,231; p=0,01), albümin düzeyi (r=-0,223; p=0,02) arasında negatif, fosfor düzeyi arasında ise (r=0,190; p=0,48) pozitif yönlü bir ilişki vardı. Hastaların Diyaliz Semptom İndeksi puan ortalaması ile diyalitik madde klirensi ve ve üre redüksiyon oranı arasında bir ilişki yok idi (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Hemodiyaliz hastalarının deneyimlediği semptomların şiddetti düşük, sıklığı yüksekti. Hastaların en sık ve en şiddetli deneyimlediği semptom yorgun hissetme idi. Hastaların
hemoglobin ve albümin seviyesi düştükçe hastaların deneyimlediği semptomlar arttı. Hastaların deneyimlediği semptom şiddeti ve diyaliz yeterliliği arasında bir ilişki bulunmadı. Hemodiyaliz tedavisi gören hastalarda diyalizin yeterli olmasına rağmen deneyimledikleri semptomların sıklığı yüksek idi. Sağlık profesyonellerinin sistematik olarak hastaların deneyimledikleri semptomları da rutinde değerlendirmeleri önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diyaliz Yeterliliği, Hemodiyaliz, Semptom

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma için etik komite onayı, Kırklareli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Etik Kurulu'ndan alınmıştır (Tarih 20.03.2023 ve no: PR0456R0). Çalışmaya katılan hastalardan 'bilgilendirilmiş onam’ alındı.

Destekleyen Kurum

Araştırmaya herhangi bir kurum yada kuruluş fon desteğinde bulunmamıştır.

Teşekkür

Çalışmamıza katılarak destek olan tüm hemodiyaliz hastalarına teşekkürlerimizi sunarız.

The Relationship Between Dialysis Adequacy and The Symptoms Experienced in Patients Under Hemodialysis Treatment

Öz

Aim: This study aimed to examine the relationship between the symptoms experienced by patients receiving hemodialysis treatment and dialysis adequacy.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 109 patients between April 2023 and January 2024. The Patient Data Collection Form and Dialysis Symptom Index were used for data collection. Dialytic agent clearance and urea reduction rate were used to determine the dialysis adequacy.
Results: The average age of the patients was 62.06±12.75 years, and the mean Dialysis Symptom Index score was 22.26±13.58. The mean dialytic agent clearance levels of the patients was 1.71±0.34. The mean urea reduction rate was 73.49±8.64%. The most common (81.7%) and severe (2.01±1.23) symptom experienced by hemodialysis patients was feeling tired. There was a negative relationship between the average Dialysis Symptom Index scores and hemoglobin levels (r=-0,231; p=0.01), albumin levels (r=-0.223; p=0.02), and a positive relationship between phosphorus levels (r=0.190; p=0.48) of patients. There was no relationship between the patients' average Dialysis Symptom Index score and Dialytic agent clearance and urea reduction rate values (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The symptoms experienced by hemodialysis patients were low in severity and high in frequency. The most common and severe symptom experienced by the patients was feeling tired. As the patients'’hemoglobin and albumin levels decreased, the symptoms experienced by the patients increased. No relationship was found between symptoms experienced by patients and dialysis adequacy. The frequency of symptoms experienced by patients was high, even though dialysis was sufficient. It is recommended that healthcare professionals systematically and routinely monitor patients' symptoms.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dialysis Adequacy, Hemodialysis, Symptom

Kaynakça

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