Öz
In this study, are reviewed the evaluations made in terms of classical fiqh literature on copyrights, which are dealt with in different contexts in modern law and economic literature.The fact that the various opinions arising in the fiqh studies dealing with the issue are not accepted as absolute constants, the instability of the developments in the modern world and the variability of the rights make it possible to re-evaluate the issue with actual data. It is not possible to address one by one present developments in terms of copyright. Therefore, in the contemporary period literature, the views of Islamic law on copyrights are examined with a critical approach in study and are pointed to inconsistencies which are found these approaches that are related to reading Islamic fiqh over the terminology of modern law by combining both. Due to the copyrights is a member of the intellectual property, economic property theories are included and the difference between the subject's understanding of ownership in classical fiqh and the approaches that occur in the field of economy and law is emphasized. These studies, carried out using the concepts of classical fiqh and the distinctions of modern law, were analyzed in terms of scope, content and ethical violation. Although there aren't studies in Islamic literature that deal with copyright in all aspects, there are some studies in the Arabic and Turkish literature that present the general fiqh framework of copyright. Copyrights are mentioned in books that related to contemporary fiqh issues.In the Turkish literature, there is an article that deal with the copyrights in terms of moral right , work by Fatih Orhan(assistant professor)There are various articles on this subject in the Arabic literature and a private thesis belong to Shahrani. Also, a doctoral study is prepared under the name of "Brand and Copyright in the Context of Intellectual Property in Islamic Law" by Ahmed Saban under the consultancy of Ahmet Hamdi Yıldırım. This study was carried out in order to draw a portrait of the works done in the field of copyrights, to draw attention to the importance of the subject which is current quality, to reveal the deficiencies in the literature and to reveal the method to develop solutions to existing problems. For this reason, it was tried to show the difference between the economic approaches emphasizing the property quality of copyright, which is accepted as a member of intellectual property, and the approach of Islamic law to property. In this study, where the intellectual and economical reading of Islam is carried out together, there are two main objectives: The first is to draw attention to the difference in understanding between economics, which is the basis of modern law, and Islamic law, and the second is to analyze the intellectual infrastructures of Islamic studies in Islamic law literature.
In this study, first of all, the ownership approaches of economics are included. Afterwards, the basic concepts such as rights, property, and property are framed by the opinions of contemporary term fiqh researchers on the copyrights. In the third part of the study, the opinions of Islamic lawyers on copyright have been presented from various perspectives. First of all, it was discussed that religious and literary works are mainly used in evaluating the copyright of fiqh conventions. Since current studies are superficial studies that draw a general framework, it is proposed that specific and more in-depth studies are needed. The second point is that rights and interests are not evaluated within the amenable property and ethical problems are not brought up. In terms of power that cannot be evaluated especially in the ‘’milk’’ category, secondary powers are based on the ‘’milk’’-rights-dividendment classification as “right or law”. Finally, some deficiencies were highlighted in the issue dealt with in the context of ethical violation. One of them is that fiqh judgments, whose copyrights do not satisfy the sale of religious content, did not make a suggestion regarding ethical violation. The second is that there is no rooted solution to this problem for those who accept copyrights. Despite the importance of belonging to the owner of the opinions, it does not seem correct to approach the issue only from the perspective of science. In this regard, the criminal aspect of copyright infringement should also be brought to the agenda.