Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Öğrencilere Toplumsal Levhaları İzleme Becerisinin Kazandırılmasında Video Modelle Öğretimin Etkililiği

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 2, 487 - 504, 30.04.2019

Seray Olçay Gül , Sezgin Vuran , Akın Gönen , Gökhan Uslucan Hasan Can Kayhan

Öz

Otizm spektrum
bozukluğu (OSB), sosyal etkileşim ve iletişimde yetersizlikler, sınırlı,
tekrarlayan davranışlar ve sınırlı ilgi alanları belirtileri ile ortaya çıkan
ve seyreden nörolojik bir bozukluktur. Alanyazında
OSB tanısı bulunan bireylere farklı becerilerin öğretiminde etkili olarak
kullanılan farklı yöntemler bulunmaktadır. Bu yöntemlerden biri video modelle
öğretimdir. Video modelle öğretim model tarafından sergilenen hedef davranışın
video görüntülerinden izlenmesi ve model alınması olarak tanımlanan, kanıt temelli
uygulamalardan biridir. Bu araştırmada toplumsal alanlarda levhalarda yer alan
okları takip ederek tuvaleti bulma becerisinin öğretiminde otizm spektrum
bozukluğu tanısı bulunan akranın model olarak yer aldığı video modelle
öğretimin etkililiğinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla yaşları 10-13
arasında değişen otizm spektrum bozukluğu tanısı bulunan üç erkek öğrenci ile
çalışılmıştır. Katılımcılar arası yoklama evreli çoklu yoklama modelinin
kullanıldığı araştırmanın bulguları video modelle öğretimin katılımcıların
toplumsal alanlarda levhalarda yer alan okları takip ederek tuvaleti bulma
becerisini edinmelerinde, edindikleri beceriyi korumalarında ve
genellemelerinde etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Bulgular alanyazın doğrultusunda
tartışılarak ileri araştırma ve uygulamalara yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

otizm spektrum bozukluğu, video modelle öğretim, toplumsal levhalar, kanıt temelli uygulamalar, akran model

Effectiveness of Video Modeling in Teaching Following Public Direction Signs for Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Öz

Autism spectrum
disorder (ASD) is a neurobiological disorder characterized by significant
difficulties in social interaction and communication, restricted range of
behavior and limited areas of interest and stereotypic behaviors. Literature
involves a rich variety of studies utilizing an array of effective methods to
teach different skills to individuals with ASD. One of these methods has been
video modeling which involves watching the video recording of model performing
a target behavior. This method has received considerably empirical support. The
present study intended to examine the effectiveness of teaching skills to
individuals with ASD how to follow signs in finding the restroom in a public
setting by utilizing video modeling in which the model is a peer with an ASD.
Participants of the study were three male students whose age ranged between 10
and 13. Results of the study showed that video modeling was effective in
acquiring, maintaining and generalizing targeted skills. Findings, limitations
of the study and its implications for future research as well as practitioners
were discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

autism spectrum disorder, video modeling, direction signs, evidence-based practices, peer model

Kaynakça

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