Vitamin D deficiency and Depression: What Can We Do?

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 1 - 14, 28.12.2017

Nesli Ersoy , Gülgün Ersoy

https://doi.org/10.21020/husbfd.304137

Cited By: 1

Öz

Vitamin D deficiency is known to be widely in Western
populations. The implications of this in terms of bone health are increasingly understood,
yet its impact on other health areas, particularly mental health, is unclear. Although
recent data shown that vitamin D has an important impact on pathophysiology and
progression of serious chronic illness, vitamin D deficiency may be common,
especially in the risk groups who utilize limited sunshine such as elderly,
pregnant and children. Low vitamin D levels are associated with depression,
poor mood and other mental disorders. Most important data about relationship
between vitamin D and depression is determination of vitamin D receptors at
most area in brain and immüno reactivity of 1-alpha-hydroxylase that convert to
1.25(OH)D from 25(OH). Although there are a number of trials that have suggested
a role on lower serum vitamin D level and pathophysiology of depression, more
studies were need about vitamin D supplementation on treatment of depression.
Vitamin D deficiency is still major public health problem for our country. Primarycare
patients with a history of depression may be an important target for assessment
of vitamin D levels.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Vitamin D, depression

D Vitamini Yetersizliği ve Depresyon: Ne Yapabiliriz?

Öz

D vitamini
yetersizliği özellikle Batı toplumlarında yaygın olarak görülmektedir. D
vitamininin kemik sağlığı açısından etkileri giderek anlaşılmasına karşın,
henüz diğer sağlık alanlarında, özellikle mental sağlık alanındaki etkileri
yeterince belirlenmemiştir. D vitaminin birçok kronik hastalığın
patofizyolojisi ve ilerlemesinde rolü olduğu bilinmesine karşın, son yapılan
çalışma verileri, D vitamini yetersizliğinin özellikle güneş ışığını sınırlı
alanlar, yaşlılar, gebe ve çocuklar gibi bazı risk gruplarında yaygın olduğunu
göstermektedir. Serum D vitamininin düşük olması depresyon, anksiyete ve stres
ile ilişkili olabileceği belirtilmektedir. D vitamini ve depresyon arasındaki
ilişkiyi güçlendiren en önemli bilginin beynin birçok alanında D vitamini
reseptörleri saptanması ve 25(OH)D’yi 1.25(OH)D’ye metabolize eden 1-α
hidroksilaz enziminin önemli immüno reaktivite göstermesinin olduğu öne
sürülmüştür. Serum D vitamini düzeyinin düşük olması ve depresyon patofizyolojisi
üzerine birçok araştırma bulunmasına karşın, depresyon tedavisinde D vitamini
suplemantasyonunun rolü konusunda daha fazla çalışmaya gerek duyulmaktadır. D
vitamini yetersizliğinin ülkemiz içinde halen bir halk sağlığı sorunu olduğu
unutulmamalıdır vedepresyon ile düşük serum D vitamini düzeyleri arasında
ilişki nedeniyle, özellikle depresyon hikâyesi olan kişilerde serum D vitamini
düzeylerinin saptanması önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

D vitamini, depresyon

Kaynakça

• Anglin, R.E., Samaan, Z., Walter, S.D., & McDonald, S.D. (2013) Vitamin D deficiency and depression in adults: systematic review and meta analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 202:100-107.
• Baysal, A. (2012) Beslenme. (13. Baskı). Ankara: Hatipoğlu yayınevi.
• Berk, M., Sanders, K.M., Pasco, J.A., Jacka, F.N., Williams, L.J., Hayles, A.L., ve diğerleri. (2007) Vitamin D deficiency may play a role in depression. Medical Hypotheses, 69:1316–1319.
• Berk, M., Williams, L.J., Jacka, F.N., O'Neil, A., Pasco, J.A., & Moylan, S. (2013) So depression is an inflammatory disease, but where does the inflammation come from? BMC Medicine, 11:200-216.
• Bertone-Johnson, E.R. (2009) Vitamin D and the occurence of depression: casual association or circumstantial evidence. Nutrition Reviews, 67(8): 481–492.
• Bertone-Johnson, E.R., Powers, S.I., Spangler, L., Larson, J., Michael, Y.L., Millen, A.E., ve diğerleri. (2012) Vitamin D supplementation and depression in the women’s health initiative calcium and vitamin D trial. American Journal of Epidemiology, 176(1):1–13.
• Black, L.J., Jacoby, P., Allen, K.L., Trapp, G.S., Hart, P.H., Byrne, S.M., ve diğerleri. (2014) Low vitamin D levels are associated with symptoms of depression in young adult males. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 48(5):464-471.
• CADTH Rapid Response Reports (2015) Vitamin D Testing in the General Population: A Review of the Clinical and Cost-Effectiveness and Guidelines [Internet]. Source Ottawa (ON): Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health.
• Drevets, W.C., Price, J.L., & Furey, M.L. (2008) Brain structural and functional abnormalities in mood disorders: implications for neurocircuitry models of depression. Brain Structure and Function, 213(1-2):93–118.
• Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (2008). Depression. http://www.who.int/mentalhealth/management/depression/definition/en/print.htm adresinden elde edildi.
• Eyles, D.W., Smith, S., Kinobe, R., Hewison, M,. & McGrath, J.J. (2005) Distribution of the vitamin D receptor and 1 alpha-hydroxylase in human brain. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 29(1):21-30.
• Eyles, D.W., Burne, T.H.J., & McGrath, J.J. (2013) Vitamin D, effects on brain development, adult brain function and the links between low levels of vitamin D and neuropsychiatric disease. Front Neuroendocrinol, 234:47–64.
• Gür, G., Abaci, A., Köksoy, A.Y., Anik, A., Catli, G., Kişlal, F.M., ve diğerleri. (2014) Incidence of maternal vitamin D deficiency in a region of Ankara, Turkey: a preliminary study. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 44(4):616-23.
• Hoogendijk, W.J., Lips, P., Dik, M.G., Deeg, D.J., Beekman, A.T., & Penninx, B.W. (2008) Depression is associated with decreased 25-hydroxyvitamin D and increased parathyroidhormone levels in older adults. Archives of general psychiatry, 65(5): 508-512.
• Howland, R.H. Vitamin D and depression. (2011) Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 49(2):15-17.
• Humble, M.B. (2010) Vitamin D, light and mental health. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology,101:142–149.
• Humble, M.B., & Gustafssonb Bejerota, S. (2010) Low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) among psychiatric out-patients in Sweden: Relations with season, age, ethnic origin and psychiatric diagnosis. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 121:467–470.
• Intitute of medicine (2010). DRIs for Calcium and Vitamin D. http://www.iom.edu/~/media/Files/Report%20Files/2010/Dietary-Reference-Intakes-for-Calcium-and-Vitamin-D/calciumvitd_lg.jpg adresinden elde edildi.
• Jorde, R., Sneve, M., Figenschau, Y., Svartberg, J., & Waterloo, K. (2008) Effects of vitamin D supplementation on symptoms of depression in overweight and obese subjects: randomized double blind trial. Journal of Internal Medicine, 264:599–609.
• Kjærgaard, M., Waterloo, K., Wang, C.E., Almås, B., Figenschau, Y., Hutchinson, M.S., ve diğerleri. (2012) Effect of vitamin D supplement on depression scores in people with low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D:nested case control study and randomised clinical trial. British Journal of Psychiatry, 201:360-368.
• Kwasky, A.N., & Groh, C.J. (2012) Vitamin D and depression: Is there a relationship in young women? Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, 18: 236-243.
• Kumar, P.T., Antony, S., Nandhu, M.S., Sadanandan, J., Naijil, G., & Paulose, C.S. (2011) Vitamin D3 restore saltered cholinergic and insülin receptor expression in the cerebral cortex and muscarinic M3 receptor expression in pancreatic islets of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 22(5)418–425.
• Lansdowne, A.T., & Provost, S.C. (1998) Vitamin D3 enhances mood in healthy subjects during winter. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 135:319-323.
• Lapid, M.I., Cha, S.S., & Takahashi, P.Y. (2013) Vitamin D and depression in geriatric primarycare patients. Journal of Clinical Interventions in Aging, 8: 509–514.
• Li, G., Mbuagbaw, L., Samaan, Z., Zhang, S., Adachi, J.D., Papaioannou, A., ve diğerleri. (2013) Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in depression in adults: a systematic review protocol. Systematic Reviews, 2:64-71.
• Marcotorchino, J., Tourniaire, F., Astier, J., Karkeni, E., Canault, M., Amiot, M.J. ve diğerleri. (2014). Vitamin D protects against diet-induced obesity by enhancing fatty acid oxidation. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 25(10):1077-83.
• McGreevy, C., Barry, M., Davenport, C., Byrne, B., Donaghy, C., Collier, G., ve diğerleri. (2015) The effect of vitamin D supplementation on arterial stiffness in an elderly community-based population. Journal of the American Society of Hypertension,9(3):176-83.
• Motsingera, S., Lazovicha, D., MacLehose, R.F., Torkelson, C.J., & Robien, K. (2012) Vitamin D intake and mental health-related quality of life in older women: The Iowa Women’s Health Study. Maturitas,71:267– 273.
• Parker, G., & Brotchie, H. (2011) 'D' for depression: any role for vitamin D? 'Food for Thought' II. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 124: 243–249.
• Peeyush, K.T., Savitha, B., Sherin, A., Anju, T.R., Jes, P., & Paulose, C.S. (2010) Cholinergic, dopaminergic and insülin receptors gene expression in the cerebellum of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: functional regulation with Vitamin D3 supplementation. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 95(2):216–222.
• Penckofer, S., Kouba, J., & Byrn, M. (2010) Vitamin D and depression: where is all the sunshine? Issues in Mental Health Nursing,31:385–393.
• Prüfer, K., Veenstra, T.D., Jirikowski, G.F., & Kumar, R. (1999) Distribution of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 receptor immuno reactivity in the rat brain and spinal cord. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy,16(2):135-45.
• Sağlık bakanlığı (2013) Bebeklerde D Vitamini Yetersizliğinin Önlenmesi ve Kemik Sağlığının Geliştirilmesi Programı. http://cocukergen.thsk.saglik.gov.tr/daire-faaliyetleri/beslenme/752-bebeklerde-d-vitamini-yetersizlinin-önlenmesi-ve-kemik-sağlığının-geliştirilmesi-programı.html. Adresinden elde edildi.
• Sanders, K.M., Stuart, A.L., Williamson, E.J., Jacka, F.N., Dodd, S., Nicholson, G., ve diğerleri. (2011) Annual high-dose vitamin D3 and mental well-being: randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Psychiatry, 198:357-364.
• Shipowick, C.D., Moore, C.B., Corbett, C., & Bindler, R. (2009) Vitamin D and depressive symptoms in women during the winter: A pilot study. Applied Nursing Research, 22:221–225.
• Stewart, R., & Hirani, V. (2010) Relationship between vitamin D levels and depressive symptoms in older residents from a national survey population. Psychosomatic Medicine, 72(7):608-612.
• Williams, R., Novick, M., & Lehman, E. (2014) Prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and its association with comorbidities of childhood obesity. The Permanente Journal, 18(4):32-9.
• Wong, M. (2015) What has happened in the last 50 years in immunology. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 51(2):135-9.
• Zadshir, A., Tareen, N., Pan, D., Norris, K., & Martins, D. (2005) The prevelence of hypovitaminosis D among US adults: data from the NHANES III. Ethnicity & Disease, 15(4):97-101.