Geriatrik Bireylerde İşitme Kaybı ve Denge Becerilerinin İncelenmesi: Retrospektif Çalışma

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 387 - 402, 31.08.2022

Öznur Yiğit , Nizamettin Burak Avcı , Songül Aksoy

https://doi.org/10.21020/husbfd.1021493

Öz

Amaç: Yaşa bağlı işitme ve denge kaybı geriatrik bireylerde sık görülen sağlık problemlerindendir. Çalışmamızda Odyoloji kliniğine başvuran 65 yaş ve üzeri bireylerin işitme kaybı ile denge becerilerinin incelenmesi hedeflenmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada yaşa bağlı işitme kaybı (presbiakuzi) ve denge problemi olan 65 yaş ve üzeri bireylerin işitme ve denge testi sonuçları retrospektif olarak tarandı ve analiz edildi. Saf ses odyometri ve duyu organizasyon testi (DOT) parametreleri incelendi. Bireylerin işitme kaybı derecelerine göre sınıflandırıldı ve DOT sonuçları ile karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Tüm bireyler için DOT’un somatosensör, görsel, vestibüler, görsel tercih ve bileşik puanlarının ortanca ve çeyrekler arası aralık değerleri sırasıyla 97±6, 73±18, 53±38, 96±11 ve 68±21 bulundu. Durum 4, durum 5, durum 6, görsel, vestibüler, bileşik ve strateji analizi puanlarında gruplar arası istatistiksel fark bulundu (p<0,001). Saf ses ortalamaları ile görsel, bileşik ve strateji analizi puanlarında negatif yönlü orta kuvvette korelasyon, vestibüler puanda negatif yönlü yüksek korelasyon elde edildi (p <0,001).
Sonuç: İşitme kaybı derecesi arttıkça, DOT puanlarında azalma elde edildi. Orta-ileri ve ileri derecede işitme kaybı olan geriatrik bireylerde denge becerilerinin diğer gruplara göre belirgin olarak düştüğü görüldü. İşitme kaybı olan geriatrik bireylerin, normal işiten geriatrik bireylere kıyasla salınımları artmakta ve postural dengeleri bozulmaktadır. Özellikle yaşa bağlı işitme kaybı olan geriatrik bireylerde yaşam kalitesini artırmak ve düşmeleri önlemek için vestibüler fonksiyonlarının yanı sıra denge becerilerinin de değerlendirilmesi önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

presbiakuzi, dinamik postürografi, denge, işitme kaybı, retrospektif

Evaluation of Hearing Loss and Balance Skills in Geriatric Individuals: A Retrospective Study

Öz

Objective: Age-related hearing and balance loss are common health problems in geriatric individuals. In our study, it was aimed to examine the hearing loss and balance skills of individuals aged 65 years and older who admitted to the Audiology clinic.
Materials and Methods: In the study, hearing and balance test results of individuals aged 65 years and older who had age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) and balance problems were retrospectively scanned and analyzed. Pure tone audiometry and sensory organization test (SOT) parameters were examined. Individuals were classified according to their degree of hearing loss and compared with SOT results.
Results The median and interquartile range values of somatosensory, visual, vestibular, visual preference, and composite scores in SOT for all individuals were 97±6, 73±18, 53±38, 96±11, and 68±21, respectively. A statistical difference was found between the groups in the SOT status 4, status 5, status 6, visual, vestibular, composite and strategy analysis scores (p<0.001). There was a moderate negative correlation between pure tone averages and visual, compound and strategy analysis scores, and a high negative correlation in the vestibular score (p <0.001).
Conclusion: As the degree of hearing loss increased, SOT scores decreased. It was observed that balance skills of geriatric individuals with moderate-to-severe and severe hearing loss decreased significantly compared to other groups. The body sway of geriatric individuals with hearing loss increase and their postural balance is impaired compared to geriatric individuals with normal hearing. It is important to evaluate balance skills as well as vestibular functions in order to improve the quality of life and prevent falls, especially in geriatric individuals with age-related hearing loss.

Anahtar Kelimeler

presbycusis, dynamic posturography, balance, hearing loss, retrospective

Kaynakça

• Bruniera, J. R. Z., Camiloti, J. F., Penha, O. d. M., Franco, P. P. R., Silva, R. A. d., & Marchiori, L. L. d. M. (2015). Comparative analysis of postural balance by posturography in patients with isolated vertigo or associated with hearing loss. Audiology-Communication Research, 20, 321-326.
• Chen, D. S., Betz, J., Yaffe, K., Ayonayon, H. N., Kritchevsky, S., Martin, K. R., Harris, T. B., Purchase-Helzner, E., Satterfield, S., & Xue, Q.-L. (2015). Association of hearing impairment with declines in physical functioning and the risk of disability in older adults. Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biomedical Sciences and Medical Sciences, 70(5), 654-661.
• Clackamas, O. (2001). Balance Manager Systems Clinical Operations Guide. NeuroCom International.
• Clark, J. G. (1981). Uses and abuses of hearing loss classification. Asha, 23(7), 493-500.
• Cohen, H., HEATON, L. G., CONGDON, S. L., & JENKINS, H. A. (1996). Changes in sensory organization test scores with age. Age and ageing, 25(1), 39-44.
• Da, H. K., Lee, J. D., & Lee, H. J. (2015). Relationships among hearing loss, cognition and balance ability in community-dwelling older adults. Journal of physical therapy science, 27(5), 1539-1542.
• de Almeida Ciquinato, D. S., Doi, M. Y., da Silva, R. A., de Oliveira, M. R., de Oliveira Gil, A. W., & de Moraes Marchiori, L. L. (2020). Posturographic Analysis in the Elderly with and without sensorineural Hearing Loss. International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology, 24(04), e496-e502.
• Dillon, C. F. (2010). Vision, hearing, balance, and sensory impairment in Americans aged 70 years and over: United States, 1999-2006. US Department of Health and Human Services.
• Dozza, M., Horak, F. B., & Chiari, L. (2007). Auditory biofeedback substitutes for loss of sensory information in maintaining stance. Experimental brain research, 178(1), 37-48.
• Jiam, N. T. L., Li, C., & Agrawal, Y. (2016). Hearing loss and falls: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. The Laryngoscope, 126(11), 2587-2596.
• Kanegaonkar, R., Amin, K., & Clarke, M. (2012). The contribution of hearing to normal balance. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology, 126(10), 984-988.
• Keller, B. K., Morton, J. L., Thomas, V. S., & Potter, J. F. (1999). The effect of visual and hearing impairments on functional status. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 47(11), 1319-1325.
• Kowalewski, V., Patterson, R., Hartos, J., & Bugnariu, N. (2018). Hearing loss contributes to balance difficulties in both younger and older adults. Journal of preventive medicine, 3(2).
• Leme, G. L. M., Carvalho, I. F. d., & Scheicher, M. E. (2017). Improvement of postural balance in elderly women with the use of additional sensory information. Fisioterapia e Pesquisa, 24, 68-73.
• Li, L., Simonsick, E. M., Ferrucci, L., & Lin, F. R. (2013). Hearing loss and gait speed among older adults in the United States. Gait & Posture, 38(1), 25-29.
• Lin, F. R., & Ferrucci, L. (2012). Hearing loss and falls among older adults in the United States. Archives of internal medicine, 172(4), 369-371.
• Lin, F. R., Thorpe, R., Gordon-Salant, S., & Ferrucci, L. (2011). Hearing loss prevalence and risk factors among older adults in the United States. Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biomedical Sciences and Medical Sciences, 66(5), 582-590.
• Melo, R., Lemos, A., Raposo, M., Monteiro, M., Lambertz, D., & Ferraz, K. (2019). Repercussions of the hearing loss degrees and vestibular dysfunction on the static balance of children with sensorineural hearing loss. Hum Mov Sci.
• Pichora-Fuller, M. K., Kramer, S. E., Eckert, M. A., Edwards, B., Hornsby, B. W., Humes, L. E., Lemke, U., Lunner, T., Matthen, M., & Mackersie, C. L. (2016). Hearing impairment and cognitive energy: The framework for understanding effortful listening (FUEL). Ear and hearing, 37, 5S-27S.
• Pierchała, K., Lachowska, M., Morawski, K., & Niemczyk, K. (2012). Analiza parametrów Testu Organizacji Zmysłowej w grupie normy otoneurologicznej na materiale własnym–wyniki wstępne. Otolaryngologia Polska, 66(4), 274-279.
• Rumalla, K., Karim, A. M., & Hullar, T. E. (2015). The effect of hearing aids on postural stability. The Laryngoscope, 125(3), 720-723.
• Sakurai, R., Suzuki, H., Ogawa, S., Takahashi, M., & Fujiwara, Y. (2021). Hearing loss and increased gait variability among older adults. Gait & Posture, 87, 54-58.
• Thomas, E., Martines, F., Bianco, A., Messina, G., Giustino, V., Zangla, D., Iovane, A., & Palma, A. (2018). Decreased postural control in people with moderate hearing loss. Medicine, 97(14).
• Vitkovic, J., Le, C., Lee, S.-L., & Clark, R. A. (2016). The contribution of hearing and hearing loss to balance control. Audiology and neurotology, 21(4), 195-202.
• WHO, W. H. O. (2015). World report on ageing and health (9241565047).
• Zuniga, M. G., Dinkes, R. E., Davalos-Bichara, M., Carey, J. P., Schubert, M. C., King, W. M., Walston, J., & Agrawal, Y. (2012). Association between hearing loss and saccular dysfunction in older individuals. Otology & neurotology: official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology, 33(9), 1586.