Evaluation of Oral Health in Stroke Patients

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2, 387 - 395, 31.08.2023

Mariam Kavakcı , Seher Merve Ay , Halil Tayyip Uysal

https://doi.org/10.21020/husbfd.1216639

Öz

Objectives: Oral health problems are frequently seen in stroke patients and are known to be associated with pneumonia, cognitive disorders, sensorimotor deficits, and even mortality. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether there is a difference in oral health between adults who have had a stroke and healthy age-matched adults.
Materials and Methods: In total, 58 individuals who had a stroke and 26 healthy individuals were included in the study. The "Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT)" and a demographic information form were used as assessment tools in the study. An independent t-test was used to analyze differences between the groups. Data were collected face-to-face.
Results: The control group scored lower than stroke survivors in all sub-dimensions of the OHAT except the salivary sub-dimension (p<0.001). Similarly, in the total score, it was determined that the control group had significantly better oral health than stroke patients.
Conclusion: Oral health is a serious problem in individuals who have had a stroke compared to healthy adults. Oral health should be closely monitored and treated in stroke patients, especially in hospital settings.

Anahtar Kelimeler

oral health, stroke, oral health assessment tool (OHAT), comparative study

Kaynakça

• Ab Malik, N., Mohamad Yatim, S., Hussein, N., Mohamad, H., & McGrath, C. (2018). Oral hygiene practices and knowledge among stroke-care nurses: A multicentre cross-sectional study. Journal of clinical nursing, 27(9-10), 1913–1919. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14241
• Ajwani, S., Jayanti, S., Burkolter, N., Anderson, C., Bhole, S., Itaoui, R., & George, A. (2017). Integrated oral health care for stroke patients - a scoping review. Journal of clinical nursing, 26(7-8), 891–901. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13520
• Bijani, B., Mozhdehipanah, H., Jahanihashemi, H., & Azizi, S. (2014). The impact of pneumonia on hospital stay among patients hospitalized for acute stroke. Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia), 19(2), 118–123.
• Chalmers, J. M., King, P. L., Spencer, A. J., Wright, F. A., & Carter, K. D. (2005). The oral health assessment tool--validity and reliability. Australian dental journal, 50(3), 191–199. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1834-7819.2005.tb00360.x
• Dai, R., Lam, O. L., Lo, E. C., Li, L. S., Wen, Y., & McGrath, C. (2015). A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical, microbiological, and behavioural aspects of oral health among patients with stroke. Journal of dentistry, 43(2), 171–180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2014.06.005
• Dursun, Ö., & Çankaya, T. (2018). Assessment of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction in Patients with Stroke. Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association, 27(8), 2141–2146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.03.007
• Gerreth, P., Gerreth, K., Maciejczyk, M., Zalewska, A., & Hojan, K. (2021). Is an Oral Health Status a Predictor of Functional Improvement in Ischemic Stroke Patients Undergoing Comprehensive Rehabilitation Treatment?. Brain sciences, 11(3), 338. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11030338
• Gerreth, P., Maciejczyk, M., Zalewska, A., Gerreth, K., & Hojan, K. (2020). Comprehensive Evaluation of the Oral Health Status, Salivary Gland Function, and Oxidative Stress in the Saliva of Patients with Subacute Phase of Stroke: A Case-Control Study. Journal of clinical medicine, 9(7), 2252. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9072252
• Kim, H. T., Park, J. B., Lee, W. C., Kim, Y. J., & Lee, Y. (2018). Differences in the oral health status and oral hygiene practices according to the extent of post-stroke sequelae. Journal of oral rehabilitation, 45(6), 476–484. https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.12634
• Kothari, M., Pillai, R. S., Kothari, S. F., Spin-Neto, R., Kumar, A., & Nielsen, J. F. (2017). Oral health status in patients with acquired brain injury: a systematic review. Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology, 123(2), 205–219.e7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2016.10.024
• Lyons, M., Smith, C., Boaden, E., Brady, M. C., Brocklehurst, P., Dickinson, H., Hamdy, S., Higham, S., Langhorne, P., Lightbody, C., McCracken, G., Medina-Lara, A., Sproson, L., Walls, A., & Watkins, D. C. (2018). Oral care after stroke: Where are we now?. European stroke journal, 3(4), 347–354. https://doi.org/10.1177/2396987318775206
• Mann, G., Hankey, G. J., & Cameron, D. (1999). Swallowing function after stroke: prognosis and prognostic factors at 6 months. Stroke, 30(4), 744–748. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.30.4.744
• Müller F. (2015). Oral hygiene reduces the mortality from aspiration pneumonia in frail elders. Journal of dental research, 94(3 Suppl), 14S–16S. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034514552494
• O'Malley, L., Powell, R., Hulme, S., Lievesley, M., Westoby, W., Zadik, J., Bowen, A., Brocklehurst, P., & Smith, C. J. (2020). A qualitative exploration of oral health care among stroke survivors living in the community. Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy, 23(5), 1086–1095. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.13074
• Schimmel, M., Leemann, B., Schnider, A., Herrmann, F. R., Kiliaridis, S., & Müller, F. (2013). Changes in oro-facial function and hand-grip strength during a 2-year observation period after stroke. Clinical oral investigations, 17(3), 867–876. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-012-0769-2
• Smithard, D. G., O'Neill, P. A., Parks, C., & Morris, J. (1996). Complications and outcome after acute stroke. Does dysphagia matter?. Stroke, 27(7), 1200–1204. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.27.7.1200
• Şahin, N. E., & Jablonski, R. A. (2019). Psychometric properties of the oral health assessment tool Turkish Version. Cukurova Medical Journal, 44, 513-520.
• World Health Organisation. Fact sheet on oral health. http://www.who.int/oral_health/en/. Accessed September 3, 2022; 2015.
• Yoon, M. N., & Steele, C. M. (2007). The oral care imperative: the link between oral hygiene and aspiration pneumonia. Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation, 23(3), 280-288.
• Zeng, L. N., Rao, W. W., Luo, S. H., Zhang, Q. E., Hall, B. J., Ungvari, G. S., Chen, L. G., & Xiang, Y. T. (2020). Oral health in patients with stroke: a meta-analysis of comparative studies. Topics in stroke rehabilitation, 27(1), 75–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2019.1656413