Küresel, Yerel, Mikrosistem ve Bireysel Faktörlerin Türkiye’deki Mülteci Çocukların Eğitim Süreçlerine Etkileri

Yıl 2022, Göç ve Mültecilik Özel Sayısı, 494 - 512, 30.09.2022

İbrahim Halil Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.33709/ictimaiyat.1110705

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'deki mülteci çocukların eğitim süreçlerini çerçeveleyen teorik bir model önerilmektedir. Bu model, mülteci çocukların içinde yer aldıkları çeşitli çevrelerin ve aktörlerin eğitim deneyimlerine etkilerinin yanı sıra ihtiyaç, risk ve olanak unsurlarını içermektedir. Küresel dinamiklerin ve yerel politikaların etkilerine de odaklanan söz konusu model, bütünleştirici ve yeni boyutların eklenmesine müsaade eden gelişimsel bir yapıya sahiptir. Çalışmada kullanılan yöntem ikincil veri değerlendirmesidir. Bu yönteme dayalı olarak bu çalışmada, Türkiye'deki okullaşma oranları her geçen gün hızla artan mülteci çocukların çeşitli ihtiyaçlarına (psikolojik, kültürel ve eğitimsel) ve bu çocukların karşılaştığı akran zorbalığı, yabancı düşmanlığı ve travma gibi konulara odaklanan yayınlar sentezlenmektedir. Böylece, mülteci çocukların yeni ortamlarındaki koşulları ve Türkiye’ye başarılı uyumları için gerekli olan kültürel yaklaşım betimlenmektedir. Araştırmacı tarafından tasarlanan özgün model, mülteci çocuklara sağlanacak eğitim hizmetlerindeki uygulamalara ve gelecekteki araştırmalara bir çerçeve sağlama iddiasına sahiptir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Suriyeli Çocuklar, Uyum, Psikolojik Refah, Biyo-ekolojik Sistem, Eğitim

The Effects of Global, Local, Microsystem and Individual Factors on The Educational Process of Refugee Children in Turkey

Öz

In this study, a theoretical model framing the education processes of refugee children in Turkey is proposed. This model includes needs, risks, and opportunities, as well as the effects of various environments and actors in which refugee children are involved, on their educational experience. This model, which also focuses on the effects of global dynamics and local policies, has an integrative and developmental structure that allows new dimensions to be added. The method used in the study is secondary literature evaluation. Based on this method, this study synthesizes publications focusing on the various needs (psychological, cultural, and educational) of refugee children whose schooling rates are increasing day by day in Turkey, and on issues such as peer bullying, xenophobia, and trauma that these children face. Thus, the conditions of refugee children in their new environment and the cultural approach necessary for their successful adaptation to Turkey are described. The original model designed by the researcher has the claim to provide a framework for future research and practices in educational services to be provided to refugee children.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Syrian Children, Adaptation, Psychological Well-being, Bio-ecological System, Education

Kaynakça

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