COVID-19 Kentsel-Kamusal Alan Kullanım ve Tasarımını Nasıl Etkileyecek? Bir Değerlendirme

Yıl 2021, Sayı: COVID-19 Sonrası Kentsel Kamusal Mekânların Dönüşümü, 95 - 114, 28.09.2021

Çigdem Çörek Öztas

https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.880035

Öz

Kentlerin, pek çok hizmeti, kullanımı, ekonomik, sosyal faaliyeti ve fırsatı birarada sunarak insanların kentlerde yığılmasına sebep olması durumu, salgın döneminde kentler ve kentliler için en önemli tehditi oluşturmuştur. Kentlerin gelişiminde ve yeniden yapılanmasında, önemli salgın hastalıkların ve kentli yaşamını derinden etkileyen buluşların etkisi bilinmektedir. Benzer şekilde, hastalıkların ve salgınların kamusal alanlarda davranış değişikliklerine ve dolayısıyla kentsel kamusal alanların değişim ve dönüşümüne sebep olan önemli faktörlerden olduğu söylenebilir. COVID-19, öncelikle insanların kentsel alanda birbirleriyle iletişim kurma biçimini etkilemiştir. Güvensizlik ve korku gibi duygular ortaya çıkmış ve bu durum insanların kamusal alanlardaki varlıklarını ve sosyal etkileşimlerini, özellikle de tesadüfi karşılaşmaları azaltmıştır. Tüm bu duygu ve davranış değişiklikleri ise beraberinde sosyal mesafeyi ön planda tutan yeni planlama ve tasarım önerilerini ve uygulamalarını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu çalışma, COVID-19’la birlikte kentsel-kamusal alanlarda yaşanabilecek değişimi anlayabilmek için bireysel ve toplumsal davranışların mekanla ilişkisine odaklanmıştır. Bu amaçla çalışma öncelikle davranışsal coğrafya ve çevre psikolojisi kavramlarına odaklanarak, teorik bir çerçeve oluşturmuştur. Ardından, salgınla birlikte kentsel-kamusal alan kullanımının nasıl etkilenebileceği tartışılmış ve kentsel-kamusal alanlarda geliştirilmiş olan yaklaşım ve uygulama örnekleri incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Davranışsal coğrafya, çevre psikolojisi,, COVID-19, Kentsel-Kamusal alan

How will COVID-19 Affect Urban-Public Space Usage and Design? An Assessment

Öz

The most important threat for cities and citizens during the pandemic was the fact that cities caused people to accumulate in cities by offering many services, use, economic, social activities and opportunities together. The impact of important diseases and inventions that affect urban life are known in the development and reconstruction of cities. Similarly, it can be said that diseases and pandemics are among the important factors that cause behavioral changes in public spaces. COVID-19 has primarily affected the way people communicate with each other in the urban area. Emotions such as insecurity and fear emerged, which reduced people's presence in public spaces and their social interactions, especially random encounters. All these emotional and behavioral changes have revealed new planning and design suggestions and practices that prioritize social distance. This study focuses on the relationship of individual and social behaviors with space in order to understand the change that can occur in urban-public spaces related to COVID-19. For this purpose, the study primarily focused on Behavioral Geography and Environmental Psychology, creating a theoretical framework. Then, how the use of urban-public space can be affected with the pandemic was discussed and the approaches and practices developed in urban-public spaces were examined.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Behavioral Geography and Environmental Psychology, COVID-19, urban-public space

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