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Grassroots Innovations in Transition to More Sustainable Agricultural Systems: The Case of Seferihisar Doga School and Karaburun Olive Academy

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 14 Sayı: Özel Sayı, 102 - 130, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.1132956

Öz

Today to build a sustainable agricultural system in order to combat the challenges faced by agricultural systems, innovations should be supported and sustained. Social movements can be important sources for the realization of innovation; it can create pressure on large masses by bringing issues such as environment, health, social justice and ethics to the agenda of the society. In this pressure, the role of civil society has not found enough place in the transitions towards more sustainable practices, but it has important potentials and the concept of “grassroots innovations” has been developed for the social innovations experienced in the field of civil society in recent years. In the study, it is investigated how Seferihisar Doğa School and Karaburun Olive Academy, located in the part of İzmir called the Peninsula and taking their source from civil society structures, establish connections with their organizational routines and network relations and what kind of strategies they follow in order to put pressure on policy-level actors and large masses. The study contributes to the literature on sustainability transitions by conceptualizing the roles that civil society can play in the transition to more sustainable practices based on the findings on a geographical scale.

Kaynakça

  • Altenburg, T., Assmann, C. (2017.) Executive summary, T. Altenburg ve C. Assmann (Editörler). Green Industrial Policy: Concept, Policies, Country Experiences. Geneva, Switzerland: UN Environment, xi- xv.
  • UN. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development. United Nations, A/RES/70/
  • Bui, S., Cardona, A., Lamine, C., Cerf, M. (2016) Sustainability transitions: insights on processes of niche-regime interaction and regime reconfigu-ration in agri-food systems. Journal of Rural Studies, 48, 92-103.
  • Doğa Okulu. (2020). Seferihisar Doğa Okulu, Öz. Erişim Adresi: https://dogaaskina.org/oz/.
  • Eberts, R. (2011). Framework and tools for assessing and understanding the green economy at the local level. OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers, 2011 (8).
  • Elzen, B., Geels, F. W., Leeuwis, C., Van Mierlo, B. (2011). Normative contesta-tion in transitions in the making: animal welfare concerns and system innovation in pig husbandry. Research Policy, 40(2), 263-275.
  • İnternet: ETO (2021). Ekolojik Tarım Organizasyonu, Hakkımızda. Erişim Adresi: https://www.eto.org.tr/hakkimizda.php
  • FAO. (2018). 20 Success Stories of Agricultural Innovation from the Innovation Fair, The International Symposium on Agricultural Innovation For Family Farmers. Rome, Italy: FAO.
  • Fuenfschilling, L., Truffer, B. (2014). The structuration of socio-technical re-gime- conceptual foundations from institutional theory. Research Policy, 43, 772-791.
  • Geels, F.W. (2011). The multi-level perspective on sustainability transitions: responses to seven criticisms. Environmental Innovation and Societal Tran-sitions, 1(2011), 24-40.
  • Geels, F.W. (2019) Socio-technical transitions to sustainability: a review of criticisms and elaborations of the Multi-Level Perspective. Current Opin-ion in Environmental Sustainability, 39, 187-201.
  • Goodman, D., Du Puis, E. M., Goodman, M. K. (2012). Alternative Food Net-works: Knowledge, Practice And Politics. New York: Routledge, 2012.
  • İZKA. (2014). Yarımada Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Stratejisi, İzmir: İzmir Kalkın-ma Ajansı,
  • İzmir Ticaret Odası (İZTO). (2022). İzmir Tarımı. Erişim Adresi: https://www.izto.org.tr/tr/tg/tarim.
  • Karakaya, E. (2020). Tarımsal Gıda Sistemleri Dönüşüyor mu? İzmir'de Alter-natif Tarımsal Gıda İnisiyatifleri. Toplum ve Bilim, 153, 49-81.
  • Köhler, J., Geels, F. W., Kern, F., Markard, J., Onsongo, E. vd. (2019). An agenda for sustainability transitions research: state of the art and future directi-ons. Environmental innovation and societal transitions, 31, 1-32.
  • Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı. (2022). Kültür ve Turizm Portalı. Erişim Adresi: https://www.kulturportali.gov.tr/turkiye/izmir/gezilecekyer/klazomenai-orenyeri.
  • Leeuwis, C. (2004) Communication For rural innovation rethinking agricultural extension. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science.
  • Makkonen, T. (2011). Innovation and regional socio-economic development- evidence from the finnish local administrative units. Bulletin Of Geog-raphy Socio–Economic Series, 15(2011), 27-42.
  • Morris, C., Kirwan, J., Lally, R. (2014) Less meat initiatives: An initial explora-tion of a diet-focused social innovation in transitions to a more sustai-nable regime of meat provisioning. The International Journal of Socio-logy of Agriculture and Food, 21(2).
  • OECD. (2016). Farm management practices to foster green growth. OECD Green Growth Studies. Paris, France: OECD.
  • Roberts, C., Geels, F.W. (2018) Conditions for politically accelerated transiti-ons: Historical institutionalism, the multi-level perspective, and two historical case studies in transport and agriculture. Technological Fore-casting & Social Change, 140, 221-240
  • Smith, A. (2007). Translating sustainability between green niches and socio-technical regimes. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 19(4), 427-450.
  • Seyfang, G., Smith, A. (2007). Grassroots innovations for sustainable deve-lopment: Towards a new research and policy agenda. Environmental Po-litics, 16(4), 584-603.
  • Turnheim, B., Berkhout, F., Geels, F.W, Hofc, A., McMeekin, A., Nykviste, B., Van Vuurenc, D. (2015). Evaluating sustainability transitions pathways: Bridging analytical approaches to address governance chal-lenges. Global Environmental Change, 35, 239-253.
  • Uysal, Y. (2018). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi’nin yerel kalkınma, çevre ve altyapı sağlamadaki performansları. İzmir Modeli Çalışmaları Üçüncü Kitap. İzmir: İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi.
  • Zeytin Okulu. (2020). Hakkımızda. Erişim Adresi: http://zeytinokulu.net/hakkimizda/.

Daha Sürdürülebilir Tarımsal Sistemlere Geçişte Tabandan Yenilikçilik: Seferihisar Doğa Okulu ve Karaburun Zeytin Okulu Örneği

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 14 Sayı: Özel Sayı, 102 - 130, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.1132956

Öz

Günümüzde tarımsal sistemlerin karşı karşıya kaldığı zorluklarla mücadele için sürdürülebilir bir tarımsal sistem inşa edilmesi ve bu amaçla yeniliklerin desteklenerek sürekli hale getirilmesi gerekmektedir. Sosyal hareketler yeniliğin gerçekleşmesi için önemli kaynaklar olabilmekte; çevre, sağlık, sosyal adalet ve etik gibi konuları toplumun gündemine taşıyarak geniş kitleler üzerinde baskı yaratabilmektedir. Bu baskı içerisinde sivil toplumun rolü daha sürdürülebilir pratiklere doğru gerçekleşen geçişlerde henüz yeterince yer bulamamakla birlikte önemli potansiyeller taşımaktadır ve son yıllarda sivil toplum alanında deneyimlenen sosyal yenilikler için “tabandan yenilikler” kavramı geliştirilmiştir. Çalışmada İzmir’in Yarımada olarak adlandırılan bölümünde yer alan ve kaynağını sivil toplum yapılanmalarından alan Seferihisar Doğa Okulu ve Karaburun Zeytin Okulu’nun örgütsel rutinleri ve ağ ilişkileri ile nasıl bağlantılar kurduğu ve politika düzeyindeki aktörler ve geniş kitleler üzerinde baskı yaratmak amacıyla ne tür stratejiler izlediği araştırılmaktadır. Çalışma ile bir coğrafi ölçekte bulgulara dayanarak daha sürdürülebilir pratiklere geçişte sivil toplumun üstlenebileceği rollerin neler olabileceğine ilişkin bir kavramsallaştırma yapılması ile sürdürülebilirlik geçişlerine ilişkin verilen yazına katkı sağlanmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Altenburg, T., Assmann, C. (2017.) Executive summary, T. Altenburg ve C. Assmann (Editörler). Green Industrial Policy: Concept, Policies, Country Experiences. Geneva, Switzerland: UN Environment, xi- xv.
  • UN. (2015). Transforming our world: The 2030 agenda for sustainable development. United Nations, A/RES/70/
  • Bui, S., Cardona, A., Lamine, C., Cerf, M. (2016) Sustainability transitions: insights on processes of niche-regime interaction and regime reconfigu-ration in agri-food systems. Journal of Rural Studies, 48, 92-103.
  • Doğa Okulu. (2020). Seferihisar Doğa Okulu, Öz. Erişim Adresi: https://dogaaskina.org/oz/.
  • Eberts, R. (2011). Framework and tools for assessing and understanding the green economy at the local level. OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers, 2011 (8).
  • Elzen, B., Geels, F. W., Leeuwis, C., Van Mierlo, B. (2011). Normative contesta-tion in transitions in the making: animal welfare concerns and system innovation in pig husbandry. Research Policy, 40(2), 263-275.
  • İnternet: ETO (2021). Ekolojik Tarım Organizasyonu, Hakkımızda. Erişim Adresi: https://www.eto.org.tr/hakkimizda.php
  • FAO. (2018). 20 Success Stories of Agricultural Innovation from the Innovation Fair, The International Symposium on Agricultural Innovation For Family Farmers. Rome, Italy: FAO.
  • Fuenfschilling, L., Truffer, B. (2014). The structuration of socio-technical re-gime- conceptual foundations from institutional theory. Research Policy, 43, 772-791.
  • Geels, F.W. (2011). The multi-level perspective on sustainability transitions: responses to seven criticisms. Environmental Innovation and Societal Tran-sitions, 1(2011), 24-40.
  • Geels, F.W. (2019) Socio-technical transitions to sustainability: a review of criticisms and elaborations of the Multi-Level Perspective. Current Opin-ion in Environmental Sustainability, 39, 187-201.
  • Goodman, D., Du Puis, E. M., Goodman, M. K. (2012). Alternative Food Net-works: Knowledge, Practice And Politics. New York: Routledge, 2012.
  • İZKA. (2014). Yarımada Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Stratejisi, İzmir: İzmir Kalkın-ma Ajansı,
  • İzmir Ticaret Odası (İZTO). (2022). İzmir Tarımı. Erişim Adresi: https://www.izto.org.tr/tr/tg/tarim.
  • Karakaya, E. (2020). Tarımsal Gıda Sistemleri Dönüşüyor mu? İzmir'de Alter-natif Tarımsal Gıda İnisiyatifleri. Toplum ve Bilim, 153, 49-81.
  • Köhler, J., Geels, F. W., Kern, F., Markard, J., Onsongo, E. vd. (2019). An agenda for sustainability transitions research: state of the art and future directi-ons. Environmental innovation and societal transitions, 31, 1-32.
  • Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı. (2022). Kültür ve Turizm Portalı. Erişim Adresi: https://www.kulturportali.gov.tr/turkiye/izmir/gezilecekyer/klazomenai-orenyeri.
  • Leeuwis, C. (2004) Communication For rural innovation rethinking agricultural extension. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science.
  • Makkonen, T. (2011). Innovation and regional socio-economic development- evidence from the finnish local administrative units. Bulletin Of Geog-raphy Socio–Economic Series, 15(2011), 27-42.
  • Morris, C., Kirwan, J., Lally, R. (2014) Less meat initiatives: An initial explora-tion of a diet-focused social innovation in transitions to a more sustai-nable regime of meat provisioning. The International Journal of Socio-logy of Agriculture and Food, 21(2).
  • OECD. (2016). Farm management practices to foster green growth. OECD Green Growth Studies. Paris, France: OECD.
  • Roberts, C., Geels, F.W. (2018) Conditions for politically accelerated transiti-ons: Historical institutionalism, the multi-level perspective, and two historical case studies in transport and agriculture. Technological Fore-casting & Social Change, 140, 221-240
  • Smith, A. (2007). Translating sustainability between green niches and socio-technical regimes. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 19(4), 427-450.
  • Seyfang, G., Smith, A. (2007). Grassroots innovations for sustainable deve-lopment: Towards a new research and policy agenda. Environmental Po-litics, 16(4), 584-603.
  • Turnheim, B., Berkhout, F., Geels, F.W, Hofc, A., McMeekin, A., Nykviste, B., Van Vuurenc, D. (2015). Evaluating sustainability transitions pathways: Bridging analytical approaches to address governance chal-lenges. Global Environmental Change, 35, 239-253.
  • Uysal, Y. (2018). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi’nin yerel kalkınma, çevre ve altyapı sağlamadaki performansları. İzmir Modeli Çalışmaları Üçüncü Kitap. İzmir: İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi.
  • Zeytin Okulu. (2020). Hakkımızda. Erişim Adresi: http://zeytinokulu.net/hakkimizda/.
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Merve Yazar Yıldıztekin 0000-0001-7941-0288

Demet Erol 0000-0002-1705-4297

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 14 Sayı: Özel Sayı

Kaynak Göster

APA Yazar Yıldıztekin, M., & Erol, D. (2022). Daha Sürdürülebilir Tarımsal Sistemlere Geçişte Tabandan Yenilikçilik: Seferihisar Doğa Okulu ve Karaburun Zeytin Okulu Örneği. İDEALKENT, 14(Özel Sayı), 102-130. https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.1132956