MÜZELERDE ARTIRILMIŞ GERÇEKLİK UYGULAMALARI: SAKIP SABANCI MÜZESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2, 255 - 274, 29.01.2021
Handan Aytekin
,
Nilüfer Koçak
Öz
Kültür turizmi kapsamında önemli bir turistik çekim öğesi olarak kabul edilen müzelerin, varlıklarını sürdürebilmeleri açısından çağın gereklerine ve gelişen teknolojiye uygun olarak ziyaretçileri ile etkileşim ve iletişim içinde olmaları gerekmektedir. Güncel bir teknoloji olan Artırılmış Gerçeklik (AG), müzecilikte potansiyel kullanım alanına sahiptir. Bu araştırmada, Sakıp Sabancı Müzesi'nde kullanılan AG uygulamalarının faydaları ve Sakıp Sabancı Müzesi'ndeki mevcut AG uygulamalarının müze ziyaretçileri tarafından nasıl değerlendirildiği ölçülmeye çalışılmıştır. 19 müze ziyaretçisi ile yapılan yüz yüze görüşmelerin içerikleri derlenerek betimsel analiz yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları, görüşme yapılan ziyaretçilerin Sakıp Sabancı Müzesi AG uygulamalarının kullanıldığı Atlı Köşk ziyaretleri sonrasında, AG uygulamalarını faydalı ve diğer müzelerde de kullanılması gereken bir uygulama olarak gördüklerini ortaya koymuştur.
Kaynakça
- Alcañiz, M., Perez-Lopez, D. C., Contero, M., & Ortega, M. (2010). Augmented reality technology for education. INTECH Open Access Publisher. doi: 10.5772/9228.
- Arslan, A. (2014). İstanbul arkeoloji müzeleri'nin turizmdeki yeri üzerine bir değerlendirme. Journal of International Social Research. 7(29), 24-29.
- Atagök, T. (1999). Yeniden müzeciliği düşünmek. İstanbul: Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Yayınları.
- Azuma, R. (1997). A survey of augmented reality. Presence-Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 6(4), 355-385.
- Billinghurst, M., Kato, H., & Poupyrev, I. (2001). The magicbook-moving seamlessly between reality and virtuality. Computer Graphics and Applications, 21(3), 6-8.
- Bimber, O., & Raskar, R. (2005). Spatial augmented reality: Merging real and virtual worlds. Florida: CRC Press.
- Botella, C. M., Juan, M. C., Baños, R. M., Alcañiz, M., Guillén, V., & Rey, B. (2005). Mixing realities? An application of augmented reality for the treatment of cockroach phobia. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 8(2), 162-171.
- Carmigniani, J., & Furht, B. (2011). Augmented reality: An overview. In B. Furht (Ed.), Handbook of augmented reality (pp. 3-46). Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media.
- Caudell, T.P., & Mizell, D.W. (1992). Augmented reality: An application of heads-up display technology to manual manufacturing processes. Proceedings of the 25th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 659-669.
- Chang, G., Morreala, P., & Medicherla, P. (2010). Application of augmented reality systems in education. In D. Gibsonand & B. Dodge (Eds.), Proceedings of society for information technology and teacher education international conference, (pp. 1380-1385). Waynesville: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).
- Chang, Y. L., Hou, H. T., Pan, C. Y., Sung, Y. T., & Chang, K. E. (2015). Apply an augmented reality in a mobile guidance to increase sense of place for heritage places. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 18(2), 166-178.
- Chen, K. H., & Tsai, C. C. (2012). Affordances of augmented reality in science learning: Suggestions for future research. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 22(4), 449-462.
- Choudary, O., Charvillat, V., Grigoras, R., & Gurdjos, P. (2009). MARCH: Mobile augmented reality for cultural heritage. In Proceedings of the 17th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, 1023-1024. doi: 10.1145/1631272.1631500.
- Chung, N., Lee, H., Kim, J. Y., & Koo, C. (2018). The role of augmented reality for experience-influenced environments: The case of cultural heritage tourism in Korea. Journal of Travel Research, 57(5), 627-643.
- Cianciarulo, D. (2015). From local traditions to “Augmented Reality”. The MUVIG museum of Viggiano (Italy). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 188, 138-143.
- Dunleavy, M., Dede, C., & Mitchell, R. (2009). Affordances and limitations of immersive participatory augmented reality simulations for teaching and learning. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 18(1), 7-22.
- Eitoku., S., Tankawa, T. & Suziki, Y. (2006). Display composed of water drops for filling space with meterialized virtual three-dimensional objects. In Proceeding of the IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality, 159-166. doi: 10.1109/VR.2006.51.
- Fritz, F., Susperregui, A., & Linaza, M. T. (2005). Enhancing cultural tourism experiences with augmented reality technologies. Paper presented at the 6th International Symposium on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage (VAST), Pisa, Italia.
- Gleue, T., & Dähne, P. (2001). Design and implementation of a mobile device for outdoor augmented reality in the archeoguide project. In Proceedings of the 2001 Conference on Virtual Reality, Archeology and Cultural Heritage, 161-168. doi: 10.1145/584993.585018.
- Gonzato, J.-C., Arcila, T., & Crespin, B. (2008). Virtual objects on real oceans. GRAPHICON’2008, Moscow, Russia.
- Han, D. I., Jung, T., & Leue, M. C. (2014). A user experience model for augmented reality applications in the urban heritage context. Paper presented at the 12th APacCHRIE Conference, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Han, D. I. D., Weber, J., Bastiaansen, M., Mitas, O., & Lub, X. (2020). Blowing your mind: a conceptual framework of augmented reality and virtual reality enhanced cultural visitor experiences using EEG experience measures. International Journal of Technology Marketing, 14(1), 47-68.
- Haugstvedt, A. C., & Krogstie, J. (2012). Mobile augmented reality for cultural heritage: A technology acceptance study. Paper presented at the 2012 IEEE international symposium on mixed and augmented reality (ISMAR), Atlanta. doi: 10.1109/ISMAR.2012.6402563.
- Huang, Y., Liu, Y., & Wang, Y. (2009). AR-View: an augmented reality device for digital reconstruction of Yuangmingyuan. In 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality-Arts, Media and Humanities, 3-7. doi: 10.1109/ISMAR-AMH.2009.5336752.
- Jan, V.U, Noll, C. Behrends, M., & Albrechti, V. (2012). mARble – augmented reality in medical education. Biomed Tech, 57, 67-70.
- Johnson, L., Levine, A., Smith, R., & Stone, S. (2010). The horizon report 2010 edition. Austin, Texas: The New Media Consortium.
- Johnson, L., Smith, R., Willis, H., Levine, A., & Haywood, K. (2011). The 2011 horizon report. Austin, Texas: The New Media Consortium.
- Jolliffe, L., & Smith, R. (2001). Heritage, tourism and museums: The case of the North Atlantic Islands of Skye, Scotland and Prince Edward Island, Canada. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 7(2), 149-172.
- Jung, T., Chung, N., & Leue, M. C. (2015). The determinants of recommendations to use augmented reality technologies: The case of a Korean theme park. Tourism Management, 49, 75-86.
- Kesim, M., & Ozaslan, Y. (2012). Augmented reality in education: Current techologies and the potential for education. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47, 297-302.
- Kipper, G., & Rampolla, J. (2012). Augmented reality: An emerging technologies guide to AR. Waltham: Elsevier.
- Kirner, T.G., Reis, F.M.V., & Kirner, C. (2012). Development of an interactive book with augmented reality for teaching and learning geometric shapes. Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI), 1-6.
- Kounavis, C. D., Kasimati, A. E., & Zamani, E. D. (2012). Enhancing the tourism experience through mobile augmented reality: Challenges and prospects. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 4, 10.
- Kozak, M. (2014). Bilimsel araştırma: Tasarım, yazım ve yayın teknikleri. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
- Kümbetoğlu, B. (2015). Sosyolojde ve antropolojide niteliksel yöntem ve araştırma. İstanbul: Bağlam Yayıncılık.
- Lewis, G. (2004). The role of museums and the professional code of ethics. In P. J. Boylan (Ed.), Running a museum: A practical handbook (pp. 1-16). Fransa: International Council of Museums.
- Milgram, P., & Kishino, F. (1994). A taxonomy of mixed reality visual displays. IEICE(The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineer) Transactıons on Information and Systems, 77(12), 1321-1329.
- Mohana, Z., Musae, I.,. Tahir, M.A., Parhizkar, B., Ramachandran A., & Habibi, A. (2012). Ubiquitous medical learning using augmented reality based on cognitive information theory. Advances in Computer Science, Engineering & Applications, 167, 305- 312.
- Noelle, S. (2002). Stereo augmentation of simulation results on a projection wall by combining two basic ARVIKA systems. Proceedings International Symposium On Mixed And Augmented Reality, Darmstadt, Almanya. doi: 10.1109/ISMAR.2002.1115108.
- Núñez, M., Quirós, R., Núñez, I., Carda, J. B., & Camahort, E. (2008). Collaborative augmented reality for ınorganic chemistry education. Paper presented at the IASME International Conference on Engineering Education, Heraklion, Greece.
- Pence H. E. (2011). Smartphones, smart objects, and augmented reality. The Reference Librarian, 52(1-2), 136–145.
- Papagiannakis, G., Schertenleib, S., O'Kennedy, B., Arevalo‐Poizat, M., Magnenat‐Thalmann, N., Stoddart, A., & Thalmann, D. (2005). Mixing virtual and real scenes in the site of ancient Pompeii. Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, 16(1), 11-24.
- Rodriguez-Fino, E., Martin-Gutierrez, J., & Meneses Fernqandez, M. D. (2013). Enrique Armas Davara, interactive tourist guide: Connecting web 2.0, augmented reality and QR codes. Procedia Computer Science, 25, 338–344.
- Radu, I. (2014). Augmented reality in education: A meta-review and cross-media analysis. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 18(6), 1533–1543.
- Sakıp Sabancı Müzesi, (2016). Müze tarihi. http://www.sakipsabancimuzesi.org/tr/sayfa/muze-tarihi adresinden 8 Mayıs 2016 tarihinde edinilmiştir.
- Sekaran, U. (2003). Research methods for business a skill-bulding approach (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
- Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2013). Research methods for business: A skill building approach. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
- Sood, R. (2012). Pro android augmented reality. New York: Apress.
- Sutherland, I. E. (1968). A head-mounted three dimensional display. In Proceedings of the December 9-11, 1968, Fall Joint Computer Conference. New York: United States. doi: 10.1145/1476589.1476686.
- Tom Dieck, M. C., Jung, T. H., & Tom Dieck, D. (2016). Enhancing art gallery visitors’ learning experience using wearable augmented reality: generic learning outcomes perspective. Current Issues in Tourism, 1-21.
- Uras, B. (2013). Boğaz’da bir kültür kampüsü sakıp sabancı müzesi’nin mimari özelikleri. A. Anadol (Ed.), Sakıp Sabancı müzesinin 10 Yılı. içinde (ss. 131-156). İstanbul: MAS Matbaacılık.
- USC School of Cinematic Arts (2016). Morton Heilig: The father of virtual reality. http://www.mortonheilig.com/InventorVR.html adresinden 10 Şubat 2016 tarihinde edinilmiştir.
- Vlahakis, V., Ioannidis, N., Karigiannis, J., Tsotros, M., Gounaris, M., Stricker, D., & Almeida, L. (2002). Archeoguide: An augmented reality guide for archaeological sites. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 22(5), 52-60.
- Yovcheva, Z., Buhalis, D., & Gatzidis, C. (2012). Smartphone augmented reality applications for tourism. E-review of tourism research (ertr), 10(2), 63-66.
- Wagner, D., & Schmalstieg, D. (2003). First steps towards handheld augmented reality. Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers, 127-135.
- Walczak, K., Wojciechowski, R., & Cellary, W. (2006). Dynamic interactive VR network services for education. In Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, 277-286. doi: 10.1145/1180495.1180552.
- Wang, X., Kim, M.J., Love, P. E., & Kang, S. C. (2013). Augmented reality in built environment: Classification and implications for future research. Automation in Construction, (32), 1–13.
- Wojciechowski, R., & Cellary, W. (2013). Evaluation of learners’ attitude toward learning in ARIES augmented reality environments. Computers & Education, 68, 570-585.
- Wolcott, H. F. (1994). Transforming qualitative data: Description, analysis and interpretation. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
- Woollard, V. (2004). Caring for the visitor. In P. J. Boylan (Ed.), Running a museum: A practical handbook (pp. 105-118). Fransa: International Council of Museums.
- Wu, H.K., Lee, S. W. Y., Chang, H. Y. and Liang, J. C. (2013). Current status, opportunities and challenges of augmented reality in education. Computers and Education, 62: 41-49.
- Zöllner, M., Keil, J., Wuest, H., & Pletinckx, D. (2009). An augmented reality presentation system for remote cultural heritage sites. In Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage VAST, 112-116.
AUGMENTED REALITY APPLICATIONS IN MUSEUMS: THE CASE OF SAKIP SABANCI MUSEUM
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 21 Sayı: 2, 255 - 274, 29.01.2021
Handan Aytekin
,
Nilüfer Koçak
Öz
Museums, as indispensable tourist attractions within the scope of cultural tourism, should therefore interact and communicate with visitors using up-to-date technology whilst further developing technology in order to sustain their existence. Augmented Reality (AR) is a contemporary technology that has the potential to be used in museology. This research aims to determine the evaluations of visitors to Sakıp Sabancı Museum of the use of current AR applications. For this research, 19 semistructured interviews were conducted using a convenience sampling method. The content of the interviews were analyzed using a descriptive analysis method. The results of the research reveal that most of the interviewees after the Atlı Köşk visits, in which Sakıp Sabancı Museum AR applications were used, they considered AR applications to be useful and believed they should be adopted by other museums.
Kaynakça
- Alcañiz, M., Perez-Lopez, D. C., Contero, M., & Ortega, M. (2010). Augmented reality technology for education. INTECH Open Access Publisher. doi: 10.5772/9228.
- Arslan, A. (2014). İstanbul arkeoloji müzeleri'nin turizmdeki yeri üzerine bir değerlendirme. Journal of International Social Research. 7(29), 24-29.
- Atagök, T. (1999). Yeniden müzeciliği düşünmek. İstanbul: Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi Yayınları.
- Azuma, R. (1997). A survey of augmented reality. Presence-Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 6(4), 355-385.
- Billinghurst, M., Kato, H., & Poupyrev, I. (2001). The magicbook-moving seamlessly between reality and virtuality. Computer Graphics and Applications, 21(3), 6-8.
- Bimber, O., & Raskar, R. (2005). Spatial augmented reality: Merging real and virtual worlds. Florida: CRC Press.
- Botella, C. M., Juan, M. C., Baños, R. M., Alcañiz, M., Guillén, V., & Rey, B. (2005). Mixing realities? An application of augmented reality for the treatment of cockroach phobia. Cyberpsychology & Behavior, 8(2), 162-171.
- Carmigniani, J., & Furht, B. (2011). Augmented reality: An overview. In B. Furht (Ed.), Handbook of augmented reality (pp. 3-46). Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media.
- Caudell, T.P., & Mizell, D.W. (1992). Augmented reality: An application of heads-up display technology to manual manufacturing processes. Proceedings of the 25th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 659-669.
- Chang, G., Morreala, P., & Medicherla, P. (2010). Application of augmented reality systems in education. In D. Gibsonand & B. Dodge (Eds.), Proceedings of society for information technology and teacher education international conference, (pp. 1380-1385). Waynesville: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).
- Chang, Y. L., Hou, H. T., Pan, C. Y., Sung, Y. T., & Chang, K. E. (2015). Apply an augmented reality in a mobile guidance to increase sense of place for heritage places. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 18(2), 166-178.
- Chen, K. H., & Tsai, C. C. (2012). Affordances of augmented reality in science learning: Suggestions for future research. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 22(4), 449-462.
- Choudary, O., Charvillat, V., Grigoras, R., & Gurdjos, P. (2009). MARCH: Mobile augmented reality for cultural heritage. In Proceedings of the 17th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, 1023-1024. doi: 10.1145/1631272.1631500.
- Chung, N., Lee, H., Kim, J. Y., & Koo, C. (2018). The role of augmented reality for experience-influenced environments: The case of cultural heritage tourism in Korea. Journal of Travel Research, 57(5), 627-643.
- Cianciarulo, D. (2015). From local traditions to “Augmented Reality”. The MUVIG museum of Viggiano (Italy). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 188, 138-143.
- Dunleavy, M., Dede, C., & Mitchell, R. (2009). Affordances and limitations of immersive participatory augmented reality simulations for teaching and learning. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 18(1), 7-22.
- Eitoku., S., Tankawa, T. & Suziki, Y. (2006). Display composed of water drops for filling space with meterialized virtual three-dimensional objects. In Proceeding of the IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality, 159-166. doi: 10.1109/VR.2006.51.
- Fritz, F., Susperregui, A., & Linaza, M. T. (2005). Enhancing cultural tourism experiences with augmented reality technologies. Paper presented at the 6th International Symposium on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage (VAST), Pisa, Italia.
- Gleue, T., & Dähne, P. (2001). Design and implementation of a mobile device for outdoor augmented reality in the archeoguide project. In Proceedings of the 2001 Conference on Virtual Reality, Archeology and Cultural Heritage, 161-168. doi: 10.1145/584993.585018.
- Gonzato, J.-C., Arcila, T., & Crespin, B. (2008). Virtual objects on real oceans. GRAPHICON’2008, Moscow, Russia.
- Han, D. I., Jung, T., & Leue, M. C. (2014). A user experience model for augmented reality applications in the urban heritage context. Paper presented at the 12th APacCHRIE Conference, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
- Han, D. I. D., Weber, J., Bastiaansen, M., Mitas, O., & Lub, X. (2020). Blowing your mind: a conceptual framework of augmented reality and virtual reality enhanced cultural visitor experiences using EEG experience measures. International Journal of Technology Marketing, 14(1), 47-68.
- Haugstvedt, A. C., & Krogstie, J. (2012). Mobile augmented reality for cultural heritage: A technology acceptance study. Paper presented at the 2012 IEEE international symposium on mixed and augmented reality (ISMAR), Atlanta. doi: 10.1109/ISMAR.2012.6402563.
- Huang, Y., Liu, Y., & Wang, Y. (2009). AR-View: an augmented reality device for digital reconstruction of Yuangmingyuan. In 2009 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality-Arts, Media and Humanities, 3-7. doi: 10.1109/ISMAR-AMH.2009.5336752.
- Jan, V.U, Noll, C. Behrends, M., & Albrechti, V. (2012). mARble – augmented reality in medical education. Biomed Tech, 57, 67-70.
- Johnson, L., Levine, A., Smith, R., & Stone, S. (2010). The horizon report 2010 edition. Austin, Texas: The New Media Consortium.
- Johnson, L., Smith, R., Willis, H., Levine, A., & Haywood, K. (2011). The 2011 horizon report. Austin, Texas: The New Media Consortium.
- Jolliffe, L., & Smith, R. (2001). Heritage, tourism and museums: The case of the North Atlantic Islands of Skye, Scotland and Prince Edward Island, Canada. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 7(2), 149-172.
- Jung, T., Chung, N., & Leue, M. C. (2015). The determinants of recommendations to use augmented reality technologies: The case of a Korean theme park. Tourism Management, 49, 75-86.
- Kesim, M., & Ozaslan, Y. (2012). Augmented reality in education: Current techologies and the potential for education. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47, 297-302.
- Kipper, G., & Rampolla, J. (2012). Augmented reality: An emerging technologies guide to AR. Waltham: Elsevier.
- Kirner, T.G., Reis, F.M.V., & Kirner, C. (2012). Development of an interactive book with augmented reality for teaching and learning geometric shapes. Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI), 1-6.
- Kounavis, C. D., Kasimati, A. E., & Zamani, E. D. (2012). Enhancing the tourism experience through mobile augmented reality: Challenges and prospects. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 4, 10.
- Kozak, M. (2014). Bilimsel araştırma: Tasarım, yazım ve yayın teknikleri. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
- Kümbetoğlu, B. (2015). Sosyolojde ve antropolojide niteliksel yöntem ve araştırma. İstanbul: Bağlam Yayıncılık.
- Lewis, G. (2004). The role of museums and the professional code of ethics. In P. J. Boylan (Ed.), Running a museum: A practical handbook (pp. 1-16). Fransa: International Council of Museums.
- Milgram, P., & Kishino, F. (1994). A taxonomy of mixed reality visual displays. IEICE(The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineer) Transactıons on Information and Systems, 77(12), 1321-1329.
- Mohana, Z., Musae, I.,. Tahir, M.A., Parhizkar, B., Ramachandran A., & Habibi, A. (2012). Ubiquitous medical learning using augmented reality based on cognitive information theory. Advances in Computer Science, Engineering & Applications, 167, 305- 312.
- Noelle, S. (2002). Stereo augmentation of simulation results on a projection wall by combining two basic ARVIKA systems. Proceedings International Symposium On Mixed And Augmented Reality, Darmstadt, Almanya. doi: 10.1109/ISMAR.2002.1115108.
- Núñez, M., Quirós, R., Núñez, I., Carda, J. B., & Camahort, E. (2008). Collaborative augmented reality for ınorganic chemistry education. Paper presented at the IASME International Conference on Engineering Education, Heraklion, Greece.
- Pence H. E. (2011). Smartphones, smart objects, and augmented reality. The Reference Librarian, 52(1-2), 136–145.
- Papagiannakis, G., Schertenleib, S., O'Kennedy, B., Arevalo‐Poizat, M., Magnenat‐Thalmann, N., Stoddart, A., & Thalmann, D. (2005). Mixing virtual and real scenes in the site of ancient Pompeii. Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, 16(1), 11-24.
- Rodriguez-Fino, E., Martin-Gutierrez, J., & Meneses Fernqandez, M. D. (2013). Enrique Armas Davara, interactive tourist guide: Connecting web 2.0, augmented reality and QR codes. Procedia Computer Science, 25, 338–344.
- Radu, I. (2014). Augmented reality in education: A meta-review and cross-media analysis. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 18(6), 1533–1543.
- Sakıp Sabancı Müzesi, (2016). Müze tarihi. http://www.sakipsabancimuzesi.org/tr/sayfa/muze-tarihi adresinden 8 Mayıs 2016 tarihinde edinilmiştir.
- Sekaran, U. (2003). Research methods for business a skill-bulding approach (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons.
- Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2013). Research methods for business: A skill building approach. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
- Sood, R. (2012). Pro android augmented reality. New York: Apress.
- Sutherland, I. E. (1968). A head-mounted three dimensional display. In Proceedings of the December 9-11, 1968, Fall Joint Computer Conference. New York: United States. doi: 10.1145/1476589.1476686.
- Tom Dieck, M. C., Jung, T. H., & Tom Dieck, D. (2016). Enhancing art gallery visitors’ learning experience using wearable augmented reality: generic learning outcomes perspective. Current Issues in Tourism, 1-21.
- Uras, B. (2013). Boğaz’da bir kültür kampüsü sakıp sabancı müzesi’nin mimari özelikleri. A. Anadol (Ed.), Sakıp Sabancı müzesinin 10 Yılı. içinde (ss. 131-156). İstanbul: MAS Matbaacılık.
- USC School of Cinematic Arts (2016). Morton Heilig: The father of virtual reality. http://www.mortonheilig.com/InventorVR.html adresinden 10 Şubat 2016 tarihinde edinilmiştir.
- Vlahakis, V., Ioannidis, N., Karigiannis, J., Tsotros, M., Gounaris, M., Stricker, D., & Almeida, L. (2002). Archeoguide: An augmented reality guide for archaeological sites. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 22(5), 52-60.
- Yovcheva, Z., Buhalis, D., & Gatzidis, C. (2012). Smartphone augmented reality applications for tourism. E-review of tourism research (ertr), 10(2), 63-66.
- Wagner, D., & Schmalstieg, D. (2003). First steps towards handheld augmented reality. Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computers, 127-135.
- Walczak, K., Wojciechowski, R., & Cellary, W. (2006). Dynamic interactive VR network services for education. In Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, 277-286. doi: 10.1145/1180495.1180552.
- Wang, X., Kim, M.J., Love, P. E., & Kang, S. C. (2013). Augmented reality in built environment: Classification and implications for future research. Automation in Construction, (32), 1–13.
- Wojciechowski, R., & Cellary, W. (2013). Evaluation of learners’ attitude toward learning in ARIES augmented reality environments. Computers & Education, 68, 570-585.
- Wolcott, H. F. (1994). Transforming qualitative data: Description, analysis and interpretation. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
- Woollard, V. (2004). Caring for the visitor. In P. J. Boylan (Ed.), Running a museum: A practical handbook (pp. 105-118). Fransa: International Council of Museums.
- Wu, H.K., Lee, S. W. Y., Chang, H. Y. and Liang, J. C. (2013). Current status, opportunities and challenges of augmented reality in education. Computers and Education, 62: 41-49.
- Zöllner, M., Keil, J., Wuest, H., & Pletinckx, D. (2009). An augmented reality presentation system for remote cultural heritage sites. In Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage VAST, 112-116.