Türkiye’nin 1987-2019 Dönemindeki Gelir, Enflasyon ve Faiz Oranlarının Tüketim Üzerine Etkisine Yönelik Analiz

Yıl 2020, Sayı: 5, 41 - 58, 31.12.2020

Suna Şahin , Hatice Gonca Tantan

Öz

Gayri Safi Yurt İçi Hasıla’nın (GSYİH) önemli bir kısmını oluşturan tüketim, refahın önemli bir göstergesidir. GSYİH’deki artış tüketim harcamalarında da artışa neden olur. Bu çalışmanın amacı tüketim ve gelir ilişkisini önce teorik daha sonra ampirik olarak açıklamaktır. Çalışmada, gelir, enflasyon ve faiz oranı gibi temel makroekonomik değişkenlerin tüketimi nasıl etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada yöntem olarak birim kök testi uygulanmış ardından, vektör otoregressif model kullanılmış ve ölçülen katsayıların istatistiksel anlamlılığına bakılmıştır. Akabinde eşbütünleşme analizi uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca, Granger nedensellik testi yaklaşımı ile değişkenler arasındaki nedenselliğin yönü tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma, Türkiye özelinde 1987-2019 yıllarını kapsayan yıllık veriler kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Dünya Bankası’ndan elde edilen verilere dayanarak tüketim ve gelir arasındaki ilişki enflasyon ve faiz değişkeni kontrol edilerek analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre, Türkiye’de tüketim ile gelir arasında pozitif yönlü, tüketim ile tüketimin ve faizin geçmiş dönemleri arasında ise negatif yönlü ilişki bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

tüketim, Türkiye, Keynesyen teori, var analizi

Teşekkür

Bu çalışma, İstanbul Yeni Yüzyıl Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ekonomi ve Finans Tezli Yüksek Lisans Programında, Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Suna Şahin danışmanlığında yürütülen ve 30.10.2020 tarihinde savunulan “Gelir Değişimine Tüketimin Tepkisi: 1987-2019 Türkiye Örneği” başlıklı tez çalışmasından üretilmiştir.

Analysis of the Impact Of Turkey’s Income, Inflation and Interest Rates on Consumption in the 1987-2019 Period

Öz

Consumption, which constitutes an integral part of GDP, is an essential indicator of welfare. The increase in GDP leads to an increase in consumer spending. This study aims to explain the relationship between consumption and income first theoretically and then empirically. Further basic macroeconomic variables such as income, inflation and interest rates were studied to determine the effect and impact on consumption. A unit root test was utilised as a method in the study, and then a vector autoregressive model was used to determine the statistical significance of the measured coefficients. Following that, the co-integration analysis was used. In addition, to determine the direction of causation between variables, the Granger causality test was utilised. Furthermore, the research was conducted utilising annual data spanning the years 1987 to 2019. Based on the data obtained from the World Bank, the relationship between consumption and income was analysed by checking the inflation and interest variables. According to the results of the research, it can be seen that in Turkey, the relationship between income and consumption is positive, while consumption and the periods’ consumption and interest have been determined as negative.

Anahtar Kelimeler

consumption, Turkey, Keynesian theory, var analysis

Kaynakça

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