Personel Güçlendirmenin İş Performansına Etkisinde Örgütsel Desteğin Aracılık Rolü
Yıl 2019,
Cilt: 6 Sayı: 10, 1 - 22, 28.06.2019
Abdullah Çalışkan
,
Ömer Turunç
,
İbrahim Sani Mert
Öz
Bu çalışmanın amacı personel
güçlendirmenin dört boyutunun, çalışanların iş performansına etkisi ve bu
etkide örgütsel desteğin aracılık rolünün tespit edilmesidir. Söz konusu
değişkenler arasındaki ilişki; faktör analizi, regresyon analizi ve sobel
testleri gibi istatistiksel yöntemler ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada Mersin’
de faaliyet gösteren özel sağlık sektöründe yer alan özel hastaneler ele
alınmıştır. Bu konuda hazırlanan anket formu ile 421 çalışandan toplanan
veriler kullanılarak çalışmada yer alan değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiler
belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, personel güçlendirmenin dört
boyutunun da iş performansını olumlu yönde etkilediği ve örgütsel desteğin bu
ilişkide kısmi aracılık rolünün olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Kaynakça
- Akkoç, İ., Çalışkan, A., Turunç, Ö. (2012). Örgütlerde Gelişim Kültürü ve Algılanan Örgütsel Desteğin İş Tatmini ve İş Performansına Etkisi: Güvenin Aracılık Rolü, Yönetim ve Ekonomi, 19 (1), 105-135.
- Allen, D., Shore, L.M., ve Grıffeth, R.W. (2003). The Role of Perceived Organizational Support and Supportive Human Resource Practices in the turnover Process, Journal of Management, 29, s. 99-118.
- Armstrong-Stassen, M., Ursel, N. D. (2009). Perceived Organizational Support, Career Satisfaction, and The Retention of Older Workers, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, (82), 201-220.
- Avolio, B. J., Zhu, W., Koh, W. ve Bhatia, P. (2004). Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment and Mediating Role of Structural Distance, Journal of Organizational Behavior, I. 25, s. 951-968.
- Besterfıeld, D. H., Besterfıeld, C., Besterfıeld, G. H. ve Besterfıeld-Sacre, M. (1999). Total Quality Management, Second Edition, Prentice Hall: USA.
- Borman, W. C. ve Motowıidlo, S. J. (1993). Expanding The Criterion Domain to Include Elements of Contextual Performance, (Der.), Schmitt, N. ve Borman, W.C. Personnel Selection in Organizations, San Francisco, Ca: Jossey-Bass, s. 71–98.
- Brief, A. P. ve Nord, W. R. (1990). Meanings of Occupational Work: A Collection of Easy. Lexington: MA, Lexington Books.
- Buchanan, D. ve Huczynski, A. (1997). Organizational Behaviour, Prentice Hall, Inc., London.
- Campbell, J. P. (1990), Modeling The Performance Prediction Problem in Industrial and Organizational Psychology (der.) Dunnette, M. D. ve Hough, L. M. 2nd ed. Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1. Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc., s. 687-732.
- Conger, J. A. ve Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process: Integrating Theory and Practice, Academy of Management Review, 13(3), s.471 482.
- Cunningham, I. ve Hyman, J. (1996). Empowerment: The Right Medicine for Improving Employee Commitment and Morale in the NHS? Health Manpower Management, 22 (6), s. 14-24.
- Çalışkan, A. ve Hazır, K. (2012). Psikolojik Güçlendirmenin İş Tatminine Etkisinde Örgütsel Bağlılığın Aracılık Rolü, Çağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(2), s. 49-77.
- Çalışkan, A. (2015). Örgütsel adaletin örgütsel bağlılığa etkisi: etik ikliminin aracılık rolü, Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 1(2),115-141.
- Çalışkan, A. ve Pekkan, N. Ü. (2017). Örgütsel Sessizliğin İş Performansına Etkisi: Etik İklimin Aracılık Rolü. Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi, Türk sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(1), 4.
- Daft, R. L. (2004). Organization Theory and Design, 18th ed., Thompson Learning, Ohio: South Western.
- Dewald, B.W. A. ve Sutton, J. (2000). Hospitality Employees’ Empowerment in Hong Kong and the Chinese Mainland, Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, C. 1, No. 1, s. 57-65.
- Eade, V. H. (1993). Human Resource Management in the Hospitality Industry, Gorsuch Scarisbrick Publishers: Arizona.
- Eisenberger, R. Fasolo P. ve Davis-Lamastro V. (1990). Perceived Organizational Support and Employee Diligence, Commitment, and Innovation, Journal of Applied Psychology, 75(1), s. 51–59.
- Eisenberger, R., Huntıngton, R., Hutchıson S. ve Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived Organizational Support, Journal of Applied Psychology, 7, s. 500–507.
- Eylon, D. (1997). An Empirical Test of a Process Model of Empowerment, Journal of Management Systems, 9, s. 15-30.
- Fulford, M. D. ve Enz, C. A. (1995). The Impact Of Empowerment On Service Employees, Journal Of Managerial, S. 7 (2), s. 161–175.
- Hackman, J. R. ve Oldham, G. R. (1980), Work Redesign, Reading, MA: Addison- Wesley.
- Harvey, D. ve Bowin, B. R. (1996), Human Resource Management-An Experiential Approach, Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey.
- Honold, L. (1997). A Review of The Literature on Employee Empowerment, Empowerment in Organizations, 5 (4), s. 202-212.
- Hu, S. L. Y. ve Leung, L. (2003). Effects of Expectancy-value, Attitudes, and use of the Internet on Psychological Empowerment Experienced by Chinese Women at the Workplace, Telematics and Informatics, Article in Press, s.365 382.
- Kanter, R. M. (1993). Men and Women of the Coorporation. New York: Basic Books.
- Karakurt, A. (2012). Öğretmenlerin İş Yerinde Yalnızlık Düzeyinin Örgütsel Destek ve Bazı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi, Necmeddin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Konya.
- Kirkman, B.L. Rosen, B. (1999), Beyond Self-Management: Antecedents and Consequences of Team Empowerment, Academy of Management Journal, 42(1), 58-74.
- Lievens, F. Conway J. M. ve De Corte, W. (2008), The Relative Importance of Task, Citizenship and Counterproductive Performance to Job Performance Ratings: Do Rater Source and Team-Based Culture Matter? Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 81, 11–27.
- Mackenzıe, S. B.. Podsakoff, P. M. ve Ahearne, M. (1998). Some Possible Antecedents of In-Role and Extra-Role Salesperson Performance, Journal of Marketing, 62, s. 87- 98.
- Matthews, R. A., Diaz, W. M. ve Cole, S. G. (2003). .The Organizational Empowerment Scale, Personnel Review, (32)3, s. 297-318.
- Menon, S. T. (2001). Employee Empowerment: An Integrative Psychological Approach, International Review, 50 (1), s. 153-180.
- Moorhead, G. ve Griffin, R. W. (2001). Organizational Behaviour, 6th Edition, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.
- Motowidlo, S. J. (2003), Job Performance. Inw. Borman, Ilgen, D. ve Klimoski, R., Handbook of Psychology: Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 12, Hoboken, Nj: John Wiley and Sons, s. 39-53.
- Murphy, K. R. ve J. N. Cleveland, (1995), Understanding Performance Appraisal, Social, Organizational and Goal Based Perspectives, Sage Pub. London.
- Özdevecioğlu, M. (2004). Algılanan Örgütsel Desteğin İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Üzerindeki Etkileri, Amme İdaresi Dergisi 37(4), s. 97–115.
- Palmer, M., ve Winters, K. (1993). İnsan Kaynakları. (Çev. D. ġAHĠNER). Rota Yayınları, 39.
- Parasuraman, S., Greenhaus, J. H., Granrose, C. S. (1992). Role Stressors, Social Support, and Well-being Among Two Career Couples, Journal of Organizational Behavior, (13), 339-356.
- Peccei, R. ve Rosenthal, P. (2001). Delivering Customer-Oriented Behaviour Through Empowerment: an Empirical Test of HRM Assumptions. Journal of Management Studies, 38 (6), s. 831-858.
- Pizam, A. (2007). International Encyclopedia of Hospitality Management, Elsevier Ltd.
- Rousseau, D. M. ve Mclean P. J. (1993), The Contracts of Individuals and Organizations. (ed.), Cummings, L. L. ve Staw, B. M., Research in Organizational Behavior, 15, 1-43.
- Sekaran, U. (1992), Research Methods For Business, Canada: John Wiley ve Sons, Inc.
- Sigler, T.H. ve Pearson, C.M. (2000), Creating An Empowering Culture: Examining The Relationship Between Organizational Culture and Perceptions of Empowerment, Journal of Quality Management, 5, 27-52.
- Škerlavaj M., Song J. H. ve Lee Y. (2010). Organizational Learning Culture, Innovative Culture and Innovations in South Korean Firms Expert Systems With Applications, 37, s. 6390–6403.
- Spreitzer, G. M. (1995). Psychological Empowerment in The Workplace: Dimensions, Measurement, and Validation, Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), s.1442 1465.
- Spreitzer, G. M. (1996). Soeiaı Structural Characteristies of Psychologieal Empowerment, Academy ofManagemem Journal, 39(2), 8, s.483 504.
- Spreitzer, G. M. (2007). Taking Stock: A Review of More Than Twenty Years of Research On Empowerment At Work, In C. Cooper, J. Barling, ed., Handbook of Organizational Behavior, Sage Publications.
- Spreitzer, G. M., Kizilos, M. A. ve Nason, S. W. (1997). A Dimensional Analysis of The Relationship Between Psychologial Empowerment and Effeetiveness Satisfaction and Strain, Journal of Management, 23(5), 8, s.679 704.
- Thomas, K. W. ve Velthouse, B. A. (1990). Cagnitiye Elements of Empowerment: An "Interpretiye" Model of Intrinsie Task Motiyation, Academy ofManagement Review, 15(4), s. 666 681.
- Umashankar, V. ve Kulkarni, A. (2002). Employee Motivation and Empowerment in Hospitality, Rhetoric or Reality- Some Observations from India, Journal of Services Research, C.. 2, No. 1, s. 31-53.
- Wall, T. D., Wood, S. J. ve Leach, D. J. (2004). Empowerment and Performance, in International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Eds. C. L. Cooper ve I. T. Robertson, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., s. 1-46.
- Wilkinson, A. (1998). Empowerment: Theory and Practise, Personel Review, Vol:27, No:1, 1998, s. 40-56.
- Yukl, G. (2002). Leadership in Organizations, Fifth Edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
The Effect Of Empowerment On Job Performance: The Mediatıng Role Of Organizational Support
Yıl 2019,
Cilt: 6 Sayı: 10, 1 - 22, 28.06.2019
Abdullah Çalışkan
,
Ömer Turunç
,
İbrahim Sani Mert
Öz
The aim of this study is
to investigate the effect of empowerment on the employees’ job performance and
the mediating role of organizational support on this effect. The relationship
between the aforementioned variables is analyzed by using a set of statistical
techniques, i.e., factor analysis, regression analysis, and sobel tests. The
data used in the analysis is obtained through questionnaires filled out by 421
employees of the private hospitals in health sector in Mersin. The results of
the analysis indicate that empowerment affects job performance positively and
organizational support has a partial mediating role in that effect.
Kaynakça
- Akkoç, İ., Çalışkan, A., Turunç, Ö. (2012). Örgütlerde Gelişim Kültürü ve Algılanan Örgütsel Desteğin İş Tatmini ve İş Performansına Etkisi: Güvenin Aracılık Rolü, Yönetim ve Ekonomi, 19 (1), 105-135.
- Allen, D., Shore, L.M., ve Grıffeth, R.W. (2003). The Role of Perceived Organizational Support and Supportive Human Resource Practices in the turnover Process, Journal of Management, 29, s. 99-118.
- Armstrong-Stassen, M., Ursel, N. D. (2009). Perceived Organizational Support, Career Satisfaction, and The Retention of Older Workers, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, (82), 201-220.
- Avolio, B. J., Zhu, W., Koh, W. ve Bhatia, P. (2004). Transformational Leadership and Organizational Commitment: Mediating Role of Psychological Empowerment and Mediating Role of Structural Distance, Journal of Organizational Behavior, I. 25, s. 951-968.
- Besterfıeld, D. H., Besterfıeld, C., Besterfıeld, G. H. ve Besterfıeld-Sacre, M. (1999). Total Quality Management, Second Edition, Prentice Hall: USA.
- Borman, W. C. ve Motowıidlo, S. J. (1993). Expanding The Criterion Domain to Include Elements of Contextual Performance, (Der.), Schmitt, N. ve Borman, W.C. Personnel Selection in Organizations, San Francisco, Ca: Jossey-Bass, s. 71–98.
- Brief, A. P. ve Nord, W. R. (1990). Meanings of Occupational Work: A Collection of Easy. Lexington: MA, Lexington Books.
- Buchanan, D. ve Huczynski, A. (1997). Organizational Behaviour, Prentice Hall, Inc., London.
- Campbell, J. P. (1990), Modeling The Performance Prediction Problem in Industrial and Organizational Psychology (der.) Dunnette, M. D. ve Hough, L. M. 2nd ed. Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 1. Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists Press, Inc., s. 687-732.
- Conger, J. A. ve Kanungo, R. N. (1988). The Empowerment Process: Integrating Theory and Practice, Academy of Management Review, 13(3), s.471 482.
- Cunningham, I. ve Hyman, J. (1996). Empowerment: The Right Medicine for Improving Employee Commitment and Morale in the NHS? Health Manpower Management, 22 (6), s. 14-24.
- Çalışkan, A. ve Hazır, K. (2012). Psikolojik Güçlendirmenin İş Tatminine Etkisinde Örgütsel Bağlılığın Aracılık Rolü, Çağ Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 9(2), s. 49-77.
- Çalışkan, A. (2015). Örgütsel adaletin örgütsel bağlılığa etkisi: etik ikliminin aracılık rolü, Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 1(2),115-141.
- Çalışkan, A. ve Pekkan, N. Ü. (2017). Örgütsel Sessizliğin İş Performansına Etkisi: Etik İklimin Aracılık Rolü. Hasan Kalyoncu Üniversitesi, Türk sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(1), 4.
- Daft, R. L. (2004). Organization Theory and Design, 18th ed., Thompson Learning, Ohio: South Western.
- Dewald, B.W. A. ve Sutton, J. (2000). Hospitality Employees’ Empowerment in Hong Kong and the Chinese Mainland, Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, C. 1, No. 1, s. 57-65.
- Eade, V. H. (1993). Human Resource Management in the Hospitality Industry, Gorsuch Scarisbrick Publishers: Arizona.
- Eisenberger, R. Fasolo P. ve Davis-Lamastro V. (1990). Perceived Organizational Support and Employee Diligence, Commitment, and Innovation, Journal of Applied Psychology, 75(1), s. 51–59.
- Eisenberger, R., Huntıngton, R., Hutchıson S. ve Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived Organizational Support, Journal of Applied Psychology, 7, s. 500–507.
- Eylon, D. (1997). An Empirical Test of a Process Model of Empowerment, Journal of Management Systems, 9, s. 15-30.
- Fulford, M. D. ve Enz, C. A. (1995). The Impact Of Empowerment On Service Employees, Journal Of Managerial, S. 7 (2), s. 161–175.
- Hackman, J. R. ve Oldham, G. R. (1980), Work Redesign, Reading, MA: Addison- Wesley.
- Harvey, D. ve Bowin, B. R. (1996), Human Resource Management-An Experiential Approach, Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey.
- Honold, L. (1997). A Review of The Literature on Employee Empowerment, Empowerment in Organizations, 5 (4), s. 202-212.
- Hu, S. L. Y. ve Leung, L. (2003). Effects of Expectancy-value, Attitudes, and use of the Internet on Psychological Empowerment Experienced by Chinese Women at the Workplace, Telematics and Informatics, Article in Press, s.365 382.
- Kanter, R. M. (1993). Men and Women of the Coorporation. New York: Basic Books.
- Karakurt, A. (2012). Öğretmenlerin İş Yerinde Yalnızlık Düzeyinin Örgütsel Destek ve Bazı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi, Necmeddin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Konya.
- Kirkman, B.L. Rosen, B. (1999), Beyond Self-Management: Antecedents and Consequences of Team Empowerment, Academy of Management Journal, 42(1), 58-74.
- Lievens, F. Conway J. M. ve De Corte, W. (2008), The Relative Importance of Task, Citizenship and Counterproductive Performance to Job Performance Ratings: Do Rater Source and Team-Based Culture Matter? Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 81, 11–27.
- Mackenzıe, S. B.. Podsakoff, P. M. ve Ahearne, M. (1998). Some Possible Antecedents of In-Role and Extra-Role Salesperson Performance, Journal of Marketing, 62, s. 87- 98.
- Matthews, R. A., Diaz, W. M. ve Cole, S. G. (2003). .The Organizational Empowerment Scale, Personnel Review, (32)3, s. 297-318.
- Menon, S. T. (2001). Employee Empowerment: An Integrative Psychological Approach, International Review, 50 (1), s. 153-180.
- Moorhead, G. ve Griffin, R. W. (2001). Organizational Behaviour, 6th Edition, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.
- Motowidlo, S. J. (2003), Job Performance. Inw. Borman, Ilgen, D. ve Klimoski, R., Handbook of Psychology: Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 12, Hoboken, Nj: John Wiley and Sons, s. 39-53.
- Murphy, K. R. ve J. N. Cleveland, (1995), Understanding Performance Appraisal, Social, Organizational and Goal Based Perspectives, Sage Pub. London.
- Özdevecioğlu, M. (2004). Algılanan Örgütsel Desteğin İşten Ayrılma Niyeti Üzerindeki Etkileri, Amme İdaresi Dergisi 37(4), s. 97–115.
- Palmer, M., ve Winters, K. (1993). İnsan Kaynakları. (Çev. D. ġAHĠNER). Rota Yayınları, 39.
- Parasuraman, S., Greenhaus, J. H., Granrose, C. S. (1992). Role Stressors, Social Support, and Well-being Among Two Career Couples, Journal of Organizational Behavior, (13), 339-356.
- Peccei, R. ve Rosenthal, P. (2001). Delivering Customer-Oriented Behaviour Through Empowerment: an Empirical Test of HRM Assumptions. Journal of Management Studies, 38 (6), s. 831-858.
- Pizam, A. (2007). International Encyclopedia of Hospitality Management, Elsevier Ltd.
- Rousseau, D. M. ve Mclean P. J. (1993), The Contracts of Individuals and Organizations. (ed.), Cummings, L. L. ve Staw, B. M., Research in Organizational Behavior, 15, 1-43.
- Sekaran, U. (1992), Research Methods For Business, Canada: John Wiley ve Sons, Inc.
- Sigler, T.H. ve Pearson, C.M. (2000), Creating An Empowering Culture: Examining The Relationship Between Organizational Culture and Perceptions of Empowerment, Journal of Quality Management, 5, 27-52.
- Škerlavaj M., Song J. H. ve Lee Y. (2010). Organizational Learning Culture, Innovative Culture and Innovations in South Korean Firms Expert Systems With Applications, 37, s. 6390–6403.
- Spreitzer, G. M. (1995). Psychological Empowerment in The Workplace: Dimensions, Measurement, and Validation, Academy of Management Journal, 38(5), s.1442 1465.
- Spreitzer, G. M. (1996). Soeiaı Structural Characteristies of Psychologieal Empowerment, Academy ofManagemem Journal, 39(2), 8, s.483 504.
- Spreitzer, G. M. (2007). Taking Stock: A Review of More Than Twenty Years of Research On Empowerment At Work, In C. Cooper, J. Barling, ed., Handbook of Organizational Behavior, Sage Publications.
- Spreitzer, G. M., Kizilos, M. A. ve Nason, S. W. (1997). A Dimensional Analysis of The Relationship Between Psychologial Empowerment and Effeetiveness Satisfaction and Strain, Journal of Management, 23(5), 8, s.679 704.
- Thomas, K. W. ve Velthouse, B. A. (1990). Cagnitiye Elements of Empowerment: An "Interpretiye" Model of Intrinsie Task Motiyation, Academy ofManagement Review, 15(4), s. 666 681.
- Umashankar, V. ve Kulkarni, A. (2002). Employee Motivation and Empowerment in Hospitality, Rhetoric or Reality- Some Observations from India, Journal of Services Research, C.. 2, No. 1, s. 31-53.
- Wall, T. D., Wood, S. J. ve Leach, D. J. (2004). Empowerment and Performance, in International Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Eds. C. L. Cooper ve I. T. Robertson, New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., s. 1-46.
- Wilkinson, A. (1998). Empowerment: Theory and Practise, Personel Review, Vol:27, No:1, 1998, s. 40-56.
- Yukl, G. (2002). Leadership in Organizations, Fifth Edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.