STRENGTHENING EFFECT OF FLOODING IN 3D PRINTED POROUS SOFT ROBOTICS SCAFFOLDS
Yıl 2021,
Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 293 - 301, 31.08.2021
Özgün Selvi
,
Onat Halis Totuk
,
Selçuk Mıstıkoğlu
,
Ozan Arslan
Öz
This study aims to design and 3D print porous elements for soft robotic applications and test the stiffness changes when the cavities are filled with liquids. When an elastic element has porous scaffolds, the stiffness can be controlled by filling the cavities with a liquid. A gyroid structure is selected for the design and evaluation of the characteristics of elements. The stiffness of the element in both non-filled and liquid-filled modes is analyzed using FEM simulation Software in two modes where simple support with central loading and compressive uniform loading. A porous test structure is created and tested in these modes for observation of the stiffness change. Employing an FDM printer in this project enabled us to make our thoughts to reality. The results show that liquid-filling can be used as a stiffening method for porous scaffolds in soft robotic applications.
Teşekkür
We sincerely thank İbrahim EKİCİ, a student of the Çankaya University Mechatronics Engineering Department, who has made an essential contribution to the 3D printing of the test parts.
Kaynakça
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- Yap, Y. L., Sing, S. L., Yeong, W. Y., “A review of 3D printing processes and materials for soft robotics.” Rapid Prototyping Journal. Vol. 26, Pages 1345–1361, 2020.
- Gorissen, B., Reynaerts, D., Konishi, S., Yoshida, K., Kim, J.-W., De Volder, M., “Elastic Inflatable Actuators for Soft Robotic Applications.” Advanced Materials. Vol. 29, Pages 1604977, 2017.
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- Coyle, S., Majidi, C., LeDuc, P., Hsia, K. J., “Bio-inspired soft robotics: Material selection, actuation, and design.” Extreme Mechanics Letters. Vol. 22, Pages 51–59, 2018.
- Kim, S., Laschi, C., Trimmer, B., “Soft robotics: a bioinspired evolution in robotics.” Trends in Biotechnology. Vol. 31, Pages 287–294, 2013.
- Podroužek, J., Marcon, M., Ninčević, K., Wan-Wendner, R., “Bio-inspired 3D infill patterns for additive manufacturing and structural applications.” Materials. Vol. 12, Pages 1–12, 2019.
- Bastola, A. K., Rodriguez, N., Behl, M., Soffiatti, P., Rowe, N. P., Lendlein, A., “Cactus-inspired design principles for soft robotics based on 3D printed hydrogel-elastomer systems.” Materials & Design. Vol. 202, Pages 109515, 2021.
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- Konstantinova, J., Wurdemann, H., Shafti, A., Shiva, A., Althoefer, K., J. Konstantinova, H. Wurdemann, A. Shafti, A. Shiva, K. Althoefer, Eds. Pages 1–420, River Publishers, Denmark, 2018.
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- Arata, J., Fujisawa, Y., Nakadate, R., Kiguchi, K., Harada, K., Mitsuishi, M., Hashizume, M., "Compliant four degree-of-freedom manipulator with locally deformable elastic elements for minimally invasive surgery" in 2019 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) Pages 2663–2669, IEEE, 2019.
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- Yamada, Y., “Feasibility Study on Botanical Robotics: Ophiocordyceps-like Biodegradable Laminated Foam-Based Soft Actuators with Germination Ability.” IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters. Vol. 6, Pages 3777–3784, 2021.
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- Mac Murray, B. C., Futran, C. C., Lee, J., O’Brien, K. W., Amiri Moghadam, A. A., Mosadegh, B., Silberstein, M. N., Min, J. K., Shepherd, R. F., “Compliant Buckled Foam Actuators and Application in Patient-Specific Direct Cardiac Compression.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 5, Pages 99–108, 2018.
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- Chen, Q., Zhao, J., Ren, J., Rong, L., Cao, P., Advincula, R. C., “3D Printed Multifunctional, Hyperelastic Silicone Rubber Foam.” Advanced Functional Materials. Vol. 29, 2019.
- Futran, C. C., Ceron, S., Murray, B. C. Mac, Shepherd, R. F., Petersen, K. H., in 2018 IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft) Pages 473–478, IEEE, 2018.
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- Liu, M., Wu, J., Gan, Y., Hanaor, D. A., Chen, C. Q., “Multiscale modeling of the effective elastic properties of fluid-filled porous materials.” International Journal of Solids and Structures. Vol. 162, Pages 36–44, 2019.
- Germain, L., Fuentes, C. A., van Vuure, A. W., des Rieux, A., Dupont-Gillain, C., “3D-printed biodegradable gyroid scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.” Materials & Design. Vol. 151, Pages 113–122, 2018.
- Castillo, E. H. C., Thomas, N., Al-Ketan, O., Rowshan, R., Abu Al-Rub, R. K., Nghiem, L. D., Vigneswaran, S., Arafat, H. A., Naidu, G., “3D printed spacers for organic fouling mitigation in membrane distillation.” Journal of Membrane Science. Vol. 581, Pages 331–343, 2019.
- Al-Shimmery, A., Mazinani, S., Flynn, J., Chew, J., Mattia, D., “3D printed porous contactors for enhanced oil droplet coalescence.” Journal of Membrane Science. Vol. 590, 2019.
- Abueidda, D. W., Elhebeary, M., Shiang, C.-S. (Andrew), Pang, S., Abu Al-Rub, R. K., Jasiuk, I. M., “Mechanical properties of 3D printed polymeric Gyroid cellular structures: Experimental and finite element study.” Materials & Design. Vol. 165, 2019.
- Choi, J., Lee, D.-Y., Eo, J.-H., Park, Y.-J., Cho, K.-J., “Tendon-Driven Jamming Mechanism for Configurable Variable Stiffness.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 8, Pages 109–118. 2021.
- Zhou, J., Chen, Y., Hu, Y., Wang, Z., Li, Y., Gu, G., Liu, Y., “Adaptive Variable Stiffness Particle Phalange for Robust and Durable Robotic Grasping.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 7, Pages 743–757, 2020.
- Tonazzini, A., Mintchev, S., Schubert, B., Mazzolai, B., Shintake, J., Floreano, D., “Variable Stiffness Fiber with Self‐Healing Capability.” Advanced Materials. Vol. 28, Pages 10142–10148, 2016.
- Brancadoro, M., Manti, M., Tognarelli, S., Cianchetti, M., "Preliminary experimental study on variable stiffness structures based on fiber jamming for soft robots" in 2018 IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft) Pages 258–263, IEEE, 2018.
- Brancadoro, M., Manti, M., Grani, F., Tognarelli, S., Menciassi, A., Cianchetti, M., “Toward a Variable Stiffness Surgical Manipulator Based on Fiber Jamming Transition.” Frontiers in Robotics and AI. Vol. 6; 2019
- Zhao, R., Yao, Y., Luo, Y., “Development of a Variable Stiffness Over Tube Based on Low-Melting-Point-Alloy for Endoscopic Surgery.” Journal of Medical Devices. Vol. 10; 2016.
- Jiang, Y., Chen, D., Liu, C., Li, J., “Chain-Like Granular Jamming: A Novel Stiffness-Programmable Mechanism for Soft Robotics.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 6, Pages 118–132. 2019.
- Durban, M. M., Lenhardt, J. M., Wu, A. S., Small, W., Bryson, T. M., Perez-Perez, L., Nguyen, D. T., Gammon, S., Smay, J. E., Duoss, E. B., Lewicki, J. P., Wilson, T. S., “Custom 3D Printable Silicones with Tunable Stiffness.” Macromolecular Rapid Communications. Vol. 39, 2018.
- Miller-Jackson, T., Sun, Y., Natividad, R., Yeow, C. H., “Tubular Jamming: A Variable Stiffening Method Toward High-Force Applications with Soft Robotic Components.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 6, Pages 468–482. 2019.
- Zhang, Y., Zhang, N., Hingorani, H., Ding, N., Wang, D., Yuan, C., Zhang, B., Gu, G., Ge, Q., “Fast‐Response, Stiffness‐Tunable Soft Actuator by Hybrid Multimaterial 3D Printing.” Advanced Functional Materials. Vol. 29; 2019.
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- Xie, M., Zhu, M., Yang, Z., Okada, S., Kawamura, S., “Flexible self-powered multifunctional sensor for stiffness-tunable soft robotic gripper by multimaterial 3D printing.” Nano Energy. Vol. 79, 2021.
- Jeong, H., Kim, J., in 2019 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) Pages, 7389–7394, IEEE, 2019.
- Buckner, T. L., White, E. L., Yuen, M. C., Bilodeau, R. A., Kramer, R. K., in 2017 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) Pages, 3728–3733, IEEE, 2017.
- Giannaccini, M. E., Xiang, C., Atyabi, A., Theodoridis, T., Nefti-Meziani, S., Davis, S., “Novel Design of a Soft Lightweight Pneumatic Continuum Robot Arm with Decoupled Variable Stiffness and Positioning.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 5, Pages 54–70, 2018.
- Morrison, T., Li, C., Pei, X., Su, H.-J., in 2019 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) Pages, 9387–9393, IEEE, 2019.
- Shahid, Z., Glatman, A. L., Ryu, S. C., “Design of a Soft Composite Finger with Adjustable Joint Stiffness.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 6, Pages 722–732, 2019.
- Peters, J., Nolan, E., Wiese, M., Miodownik, M., Spurgeon, S., Arezzo, A., Raatz, A., Wurdemann, H. A., in 2019 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) Pages, 4692–4698, IEEE, 2019.
- Zhu, M., Mori, Y., Wakayama, T., Wada, A., Kawamura, S., “A Fully Multi-Material Three-Dimensional Printed Soft Gripper with Variable Stiffness for Robust Grasping.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 6, Pages 507–519, 2019.
- Wei, Y., Chen, Y., Ren, T., Chen, Q., Yan, C., Yang, Y., Li, Y., “A Novel, Variable Stiffness Robotic Gripper Based on Integrated Soft Actuating and Particle Jamming.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 3, Pages 134–143, 2016.
- Santoso, J., Onal, C. D., " An Origami Continuum Robot Capable of Precise Motion Through Torsionally Stiff Body and Smooth Inverse Kinematics", Soft Robotics, in press.
Yıl 2021,
Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 293 - 301, 31.08.2021
Özgün Selvi
,
Onat Halis Totuk
,
Selçuk Mıstıkoğlu
,
Ozan Arslan
Kaynakça
- Wallin, T. J., Pikul, J., Shepherd, R. F., “3D printing of soft robotic systems.” Nature Reviews Materials. Vol. 3, Pages 84–100, 2018.
- Polygerinos, P., Correll, N., Morin, S. A., Mosadegh, B., Onal, C. D., Petersen, K., Cianchetti, M., Tolley, M. T., Shepherd, R. F., “Soft Robotics: Review of Fluid-Driven Intrinsically Soft Devices; Manufacturing, Sensing, Control, and Applications in Human-Robot Interaction.” Advanced Engineering Materials. Vol. 19, Pages 1700016, 2017.
- Yap, Y. L., Sing, S. L., Yeong, W. Y., “A review of 3D printing processes and materials for soft robotics.” Rapid Prototyping Journal. Vol. 26, Pages 1345–1361, 2020.
- Gorissen, B., Reynaerts, D., Konishi, S., Yoshida, K., Kim, J.-W., De Volder, M., “Elastic Inflatable Actuators for Soft Robotic Applications.” Advanced Materials. Vol. 29, Pages 1604977, 2017.
- Stilli, A., Althoefer, K., Wurdemann, H. A., in Biosystems and Biorobotics Pages 207–214, 2018.
- Coyle, S., Majidi, C., LeDuc, P., Hsia, K. J., “Bio-inspired soft robotics: Material selection, actuation, and design.” Extreme Mechanics Letters. Vol. 22, Pages 51–59, 2018.
- Kim, S., Laschi, C., Trimmer, B., “Soft robotics: a bioinspired evolution in robotics.” Trends in Biotechnology. Vol. 31, Pages 287–294, 2013.
- Podroužek, J., Marcon, M., Ninčević, K., Wan-Wendner, R., “Bio-inspired 3D infill patterns for additive manufacturing and structural applications.” Materials. Vol. 12, Pages 1–12, 2019.
- Bastola, A. K., Rodriguez, N., Behl, M., Soffiatti, P., Rowe, N. P., Lendlein, A., “Cactus-inspired design principles for soft robotics based on 3D printed hydrogel-elastomer systems.” Materials & Design. Vol. 202, Pages 109515, 2021.
- Li, S., Bai, H., Shepherd, R. F., Zhao, H., “Bio-inspired Design and Additive Manufacturing of Soft Materials, Machines, Robots, and Haptic Interfaces.” Angewandte Chemie International Edition. Vol. 58, Pages 11182–11204, 2019
- Totuk, O. H., Başak, H., in 2. International Symposium on Industrial Design and Engineering-ISIDE 2017 2017.
- Konstantinova, J., Wurdemann, H., Shafti, A., Shiva, A., Althoefer, K., J. Konstantinova, H. Wurdemann, A. Shafti, A. Shiva, K. Althoefer, Eds. Pages 1–420, River Publishers, Denmark, 2018.
- Runciman, M., Darzi, A., Mylonas, G. P., “Soft Robotics in Minimally Invasive Surgery.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 6, Pages 423–443, 2019.
- Arata, J., Fujisawa, Y., Nakadate, R., Kiguchi, K., Harada, K., Mitsuishi, M., Hashizume, M., "Compliant four degree-of-freedom manipulator with locally deformable elastic elements for minimally invasive surgery" in 2019 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) Pages 2663–2669, IEEE, 2019.
- Singh, D., Tawk, C., Mutlu, R., Sariyildiz, E., Sencadas, V., Alici, G., in 2020 3rd IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft) Pages 458–463, IEEE, 2020.
- Zhu, Y., Zhang, J., Wu, Q., Chen, M., Huang, G., Zheng, J., Wu, J., “Three-Dimensional Programmable, Reconfigurable, and Recyclable Biomass Soft Actuators Enabled by Designing an Inverse Opal-Mimetic Structure with Exchangeable Interfacial Crosslinks.” ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. Vol. 12, Pages 15757–15764, 2020.
- Wang, R., Huang, H., Xu, R., Li, K., Dai, J. S., “Design of a novel simulated ‘soft’ mechanical grasper.” Mechanism and Machine Theory. Vol. 158, 2021.
- Selvi, Ö., Telli, İ., Totuk, O. H., Mıstıkoğlu, S., in 4 th International Congress on 3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing) Technologies and Digital Industry 2019, K. Çetinkaya, B. Duman, K. Özsoy, K. Kayaalp, O. Oral, M. Aydın, Eds. Pages 1016–1021, Antalya, 2019.
- Donatelli, C. M., Serlin, Z. T., Echols-Jones, P., Scibelli, A. E., Cohen, A., Musca, J.-M., Rozen-Levy, S., Buckingham, D., White, R., Trimmer, B. A., in 2017 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) Pages 476–481, IEEE, 2017.
- Somm, L., Hahn, D., Kumar, N., Coros, S., “Expanding Foam as the Material for Fabrication, Prototyping and Experimental Assessment of Low-Cost Soft Robots with Embedded Sensing.” IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters. Vol. 4, Pages 761–768, 2019.
- Yamada, Y., Nakamura, T., "Actuatable Flexible Large Structure Using a Laminated Foam-based Soft Actuator" in 2020 IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration (SII) Pages 74–79, IEEE, 2020.
- Peters, J., Anvari, B., Chen, C., Lim, Z., Wurdemann, H. A., in 2020 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) Pages 8701–8708, IEEE, 2020.
- Yamada, Y., “Feasibility Study on Botanical Robotics: Ophiocordyceps-like Biodegradable Laminated Foam-Based Soft Actuators with Germination Ability.” IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters. Vol. 6, Pages 3777–3784, 2021.
- Kastor, N., Mukherjee, R., Cohen, E., Vikas, V., Trimmer, B. A., White, R. D., “Design and Manufacturing of Tendon-Driven Soft Foam Robots.” Robotica. Vol. 38, Pages 88–105, 2020.
- Mac Murray, B. C., An, X., Robinson, S. S., van Meerbeek, I. M., O’Brien, K. W., Zhao, H., Shepherd, R. F., “Poroelastic Foams for Simple Fabrication of Complex Soft Robots.” Advanced Materials. Vol. 27, Pages 6334–6340, 2015.
- "Development of Novel Foam-Based Soft Robotic Ring Actuators for a Biomimetic Peristaltic Pumping System", Esser, F., Steger, T., Bach, D., Masselter, T., Speck, T., Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Pages 138–147, Springer, Cham, 2017
- Mac Murray, B. C., Futran, C. C., Lee, J., O’Brien, K. W., Amiri Moghadam, A. A., Mosadegh, B., Silberstein, M. N., Min, J. K., Shepherd, R. F., “Compliant Buckled Foam Actuators and Application in Patient-Specific Direct Cardiac Compression.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 5, Pages 99–108, 2018.
- King, J. P., Bauer, D., Schlagenhauf, C., Chang, K.-H., Moro, D., Pollard, N., Coros, S., in 2018 IEEE-RAS 18th International Conference on Humanoid Robots (Humanoids) Pages, 1–9, IEEE, 2018.
- Chen, Q., Zhao, J., Ren, J., Rong, L., Cao, P., Advincula, R. C., “3D Printed Multifunctional, Hyperelastic Silicone Rubber Foam.” Advanced Functional Materials. Vol. 29, 2019.
- Futran, C. C., Ceron, S., Murray, B. C. Mac, Shepherd, R. F., Petersen, K. H., in 2018 IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft) Pages 473–478, IEEE, 2018.
- Sutton, L., “The design of soft fluid filled actuators driven by conductive nylon”, B.A.Sc Thesis, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, 2019.
- Liu, M., Wu, J., Gan, Y., Hanaor, D. A., Chen, C. Q., “Multiscale modeling of the effective elastic properties of fluid-filled porous materials.” International Journal of Solids and Structures. Vol. 162, Pages 36–44, 2019.
- Germain, L., Fuentes, C. A., van Vuure, A. W., des Rieux, A., Dupont-Gillain, C., “3D-printed biodegradable gyroid scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.” Materials & Design. Vol. 151, Pages 113–122, 2018.
- Castillo, E. H. C., Thomas, N., Al-Ketan, O., Rowshan, R., Abu Al-Rub, R. K., Nghiem, L. D., Vigneswaran, S., Arafat, H. A., Naidu, G., “3D printed spacers for organic fouling mitigation in membrane distillation.” Journal of Membrane Science. Vol. 581, Pages 331–343, 2019.
- Al-Shimmery, A., Mazinani, S., Flynn, J., Chew, J., Mattia, D., “3D printed porous contactors for enhanced oil droplet coalescence.” Journal of Membrane Science. Vol. 590, 2019.
- Abueidda, D. W., Elhebeary, M., Shiang, C.-S. (Andrew), Pang, S., Abu Al-Rub, R. K., Jasiuk, I. M., “Mechanical properties of 3D printed polymeric Gyroid cellular structures: Experimental and finite element study.” Materials & Design. Vol. 165, 2019.
- Choi, J., Lee, D.-Y., Eo, J.-H., Park, Y.-J., Cho, K.-J., “Tendon-Driven Jamming Mechanism for Configurable Variable Stiffness.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 8, Pages 109–118. 2021.
- Zhou, J., Chen, Y., Hu, Y., Wang, Z., Li, Y., Gu, G., Liu, Y., “Adaptive Variable Stiffness Particle Phalange for Robust and Durable Robotic Grasping.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 7, Pages 743–757, 2020.
- Tonazzini, A., Mintchev, S., Schubert, B., Mazzolai, B., Shintake, J., Floreano, D., “Variable Stiffness Fiber with Self‐Healing Capability.” Advanced Materials. Vol. 28, Pages 10142–10148, 2016.
- Brancadoro, M., Manti, M., Tognarelli, S., Cianchetti, M., "Preliminary experimental study on variable stiffness structures based on fiber jamming for soft robots" in 2018 IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft) Pages 258–263, IEEE, 2018.
- Brancadoro, M., Manti, M., Grani, F., Tognarelli, S., Menciassi, A., Cianchetti, M., “Toward a Variable Stiffness Surgical Manipulator Based on Fiber Jamming Transition.” Frontiers in Robotics and AI. Vol. 6; 2019
- Zhao, R., Yao, Y., Luo, Y., “Development of a Variable Stiffness Over Tube Based on Low-Melting-Point-Alloy for Endoscopic Surgery.” Journal of Medical Devices. Vol. 10; 2016.
- Jiang, Y., Chen, D., Liu, C., Li, J., “Chain-Like Granular Jamming: A Novel Stiffness-Programmable Mechanism for Soft Robotics.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 6, Pages 118–132. 2019.
- Durban, M. M., Lenhardt, J. M., Wu, A. S., Small, W., Bryson, T. M., Perez-Perez, L., Nguyen, D. T., Gammon, S., Smay, J. E., Duoss, E. B., Lewicki, J. P., Wilson, T. S., “Custom 3D Printable Silicones with Tunable Stiffness.” Macromolecular Rapid Communications. Vol. 39, 2018.
- Miller-Jackson, T., Sun, Y., Natividad, R., Yeow, C. H., “Tubular Jamming: A Variable Stiffening Method Toward High-Force Applications with Soft Robotic Components.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 6, Pages 468–482. 2019.
- Zhang, Y., Zhang, N., Hingorani, H., Ding, N., Wang, D., Yuan, C., Zhang, B., Gu, G., Ge, Q., “Fast‐Response, Stiffness‐Tunable Soft Actuator by Hybrid Multimaterial 3D Printing.” Advanced Functional Materials. Vol. 29; 2019.
- Manti, M., Cacucciolo, V., Cianchetti, M., “Stiffening in Soft Robotics: A Review of the State of the Art.” IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine. Vol. 23, Pages 93–106, 2016.
- Xie, M., Zhu, M., Yang, Z., Okada, S., Kawamura, S., “Flexible self-powered multifunctional sensor for stiffness-tunable soft robotic gripper by multimaterial 3D printing.” Nano Energy. Vol. 79, 2021.
- Jeong, H., Kim, J., in 2019 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) Pages, 7389–7394, IEEE, 2019.
- Buckner, T. L., White, E. L., Yuen, M. C., Bilodeau, R. A., Kramer, R. K., in 2017 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) Pages, 3728–3733, IEEE, 2017.
- Giannaccini, M. E., Xiang, C., Atyabi, A., Theodoridis, T., Nefti-Meziani, S., Davis, S., “Novel Design of a Soft Lightweight Pneumatic Continuum Robot Arm with Decoupled Variable Stiffness and Positioning.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 5, Pages 54–70, 2018.
- Morrison, T., Li, C., Pei, X., Su, H.-J., in 2019 International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) Pages, 9387–9393, IEEE, 2019.
- Shahid, Z., Glatman, A. L., Ryu, S. C., “Design of a Soft Composite Finger with Adjustable Joint Stiffness.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 6, Pages 722–732, 2019.
- Peters, J., Nolan, E., Wiese, M., Miodownik, M., Spurgeon, S., Arezzo, A., Raatz, A., Wurdemann, H. A., in 2019 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) Pages, 4692–4698, IEEE, 2019.
- Zhu, M., Mori, Y., Wakayama, T., Wada, A., Kawamura, S., “A Fully Multi-Material Three-Dimensional Printed Soft Gripper with Variable Stiffness for Robust Grasping.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 6, Pages 507–519, 2019.
- Wei, Y., Chen, Y., Ren, T., Chen, Q., Yan, C., Yang, Y., Li, Y., “A Novel, Variable Stiffness Robotic Gripper Based on Integrated Soft Actuating and Particle Jamming.” Soft Robotics. Vol. 3, Pages 134–143, 2016.
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