Lightweight electric vehicle with a CVT gearbox and performance tests
Yıl 2016,
, 61 - 70, 01.07.2016
Hıdır Selçuk Nogay
,
Şahin Doğan
Öz
In this study, an electric go cart vehicle was designed and its prototype was built. Through use of a CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission) gearbox, the performance of the vehicle was attempted to be increased. When the transmission free (transmission rate fixed at 1) vehicle and the vehicle with CVT transmission were compared with regard to range and performance, the automatic transmission box with constantly changing rates was proven to increase the range and performance of the vehicle immensely, and various other benefits were seen as a result of the tests performed.
Kaynakça
- Azidin, F. A., Hannana A. M. and Mohamed, A. 2013. ‘An Energy Management of Light Electric Vehicle’ I J S G Energy, Vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 271-276.
- Bal, G. 2008. Direct Current Machines and Drives, Seckin Press, 3th ed. Ankara, Turkey,
- Bowles, P., Peng, H. and Zhang, X. 2000. ‘Energy management in a parallel hybrid electric vehicle with a continuously variable planetary transmission,’ American Control Conference, pp. 55-59, Chicago, USA.
- Ehsani, M., Gao, Y., Gay, S. E. and Emadi, A. 2005. Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Fuel Cell Vehicles, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
- Hodkinson, R. and Fenton, J. 2001. ‘Lightweight Electric/Hybrid Vehicle Design’, Reed Educational and Professional Publishing Ltd. First ed.
- Istardi, D. 2009. Modeling and Energy Consumption Determination of an Electric Go-Kart, Master Thesis, Chalmers Institute of Technology, Department of Energy and Environment, Göteborg, Sweden.
- Istardi, D. 2011. ‘Comparison of electric karting modelling using Matlab/Simulink software’, International Conference on Advanced Science, Engineering, and Information Technology, 4- 9, Putrajaya, Malezya,
- Jeremy, C., Loren, M. and Christopher, V. 2007. ‘Use of a Continuously Variable Transmission to Optimize Performance and Efficiency of Two-Wheeled Light Electric Vehicles (LEV)’ EET-2007 European Ele-Drive Conference Brussels, Belgium.
- Kim, J. 2004. ‘Minimum Energy Control of an S – CVT Equipped Power Transmission’, KSME IJ. Vol. 18 No. 1, pp. 82-91.
- Konishi, K. 2013. ‘Development of New CVT for K-Car’, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 193, pp. 271-274.
- Lee, H. and Kim, H. 2005. ‘Improvement in fuel economy for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle by continuously variable transmission ratio control’ Automobile Engineering, Vol. 219 DOI: 10.1243/095440705X6514.
- Manzetti, S. and Mariasiu, F. 2015. ‘Electric vehicle battery technologies: From present state to future systems’ Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 51, pp. 1004–
- NuVinci CVP. [online] http://www.fallbrooktech.com/nuvinci-technology, (Accessed 31 July 2013)
- Setlur, P., Wagner J. R., Dawson D. M., and Samuels B. 2003. ‘Nonlinear Control of a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)’, IEEE T. on Control S. T., Vol.11, No. 1.
- Shekhar1, T. and Shrivastava, J. 2015. ‘Energy Management & Control Performance, Analysis of Hybrid Electric Vehicle’, IJIREEICE, Vol. 3, Issue 3.
- Tadakuma, K., Tadakuma R., Terada K., Ming A., Shimojo M., Higashimori M, Kaneko M. 2011. ‘The Mechanism of the Linear Load-Sensitive Continuously Variable Transmission with the Spherical Driving Unit’ IEEE/RSJ, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Yanti, P.A. and Mahlia T. M. I. 2009. ‘Considerations for the selection of an applicable energy efficiency test procedure for electric motors in Malaysia: Lessons for other developing countries’, Energy Policy, 37, pp. 3467–3474
- Yilmaz, M. 2015. ‘Limitations/capabilities of electric machine Technologies and modeling approaches for electric motor design and analysis in plug-in electric vehicle applications’ Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 52, pp. 80–99
- Xiang, Y., Guo, L., Gao, B. and Chen, H. 2013. ‘A Study on Gear Shifting Schedule for 2-Speed Electric Vehicle Using Dynamic Programming’ 25th Chinese Control and Decision Conference IEEE (CCDC), pp. 3805-3809.
Yıl 2016,
, 61 - 70, 01.07.2016
Hıdır Selçuk Nogay
,
Şahin Doğan
Kaynakça
- Azidin, F. A., Hannana A. M. and Mohamed, A. 2013. ‘An Energy Management of Light Electric Vehicle’ I J S G Energy, Vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 271-276.
- Bal, G. 2008. Direct Current Machines and Drives, Seckin Press, 3th ed. Ankara, Turkey,
- Bowles, P., Peng, H. and Zhang, X. 2000. ‘Energy management in a parallel hybrid electric vehicle with a continuously variable planetary transmission,’ American Control Conference, pp. 55-59, Chicago, USA.
- Ehsani, M., Gao, Y., Gay, S. E. and Emadi, A. 2005. Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Fuel Cell Vehicles, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
- Hodkinson, R. and Fenton, J. 2001. ‘Lightweight Electric/Hybrid Vehicle Design’, Reed Educational and Professional Publishing Ltd. First ed.
- Istardi, D. 2009. Modeling and Energy Consumption Determination of an Electric Go-Kart, Master Thesis, Chalmers Institute of Technology, Department of Energy and Environment, Göteborg, Sweden.
- Istardi, D. 2011. ‘Comparison of electric karting modelling using Matlab/Simulink software’, International Conference on Advanced Science, Engineering, and Information Technology, 4- 9, Putrajaya, Malezya,
- Jeremy, C., Loren, M. and Christopher, V. 2007. ‘Use of a Continuously Variable Transmission to Optimize Performance and Efficiency of Two-Wheeled Light Electric Vehicles (LEV)’ EET-2007 European Ele-Drive Conference Brussels, Belgium.
- Kim, J. 2004. ‘Minimum Energy Control of an S – CVT Equipped Power Transmission’, KSME IJ. Vol. 18 No. 1, pp. 82-91.
- Konishi, K. 2013. ‘Development of New CVT for K-Car’, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 193, pp. 271-274.
- Lee, H. and Kim, H. 2005. ‘Improvement in fuel economy for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle by continuously variable transmission ratio control’ Automobile Engineering, Vol. 219 DOI: 10.1243/095440705X6514.
- Manzetti, S. and Mariasiu, F. 2015. ‘Electric vehicle battery technologies: From present state to future systems’ Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 51, pp. 1004–
- NuVinci CVP. [online] http://www.fallbrooktech.com/nuvinci-technology, (Accessed 31 July 2013)
- Setlur, P., Wagner J. R., Dawson D. M., and Samuels B. 2003. ‘Nonlinear Control of a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT)’, IEEE T. on Control S. T., Vol.11, No. 1.
- Shekhar1, T. and Shrivastava, J. 2015. ‘Energy Management & Control Performance, Analysis of Hybrid Electric Vehicle’, IJIREEICE, Vol. 3, Issue 3.
- Tadakuma, K., Tadakuma R., Terada K., Ming A., Shimojo M., Higashimori M, Kaneko M. 2011. ‘The Mechanism of the Linear Load-Sensitive Continuously Variable Transmission with the Spherical Driving Unit’ IEEE/RSJ, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Yanti, P.A. and Mahlia T. M. I. 2009. ‘Considerations for the selection of an applicable energy efficiency test procedure for electric motors in Malaysia: Lessons for other developing countries’, Energy Policy, 37, pp. 3467–3474
- Yilmaz, M. 2015. ‘Limitations/capabilities of electric machine Technologies and modeling approaches for electric motor design and analysis in plug-in electric vehicle applications’ Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 52, pp. 80–99
- Xiang, Y., Guo, L., Gao, B. and Chen, H. 2013. ‘A Study on Gear Shifting Schedule for 2-Speed Electric Vehicle Using Dynamic Programming’ 25th Chinese Control and Decision Conference IEEE (CCDC), pp. 3805-3809.