Research Article
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Digital Learning Experience in Museums: Cultural Readings in a Virtual Environment

Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 335 - 350, 30.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.33200/ijcer.799643

Abstract

This study revolves around primary and secondary school visual arts teachers’ cultural and critical readings on their VR museum experience through object and representation. As part of the in-service training and research project, the study was carried out in the provinces of Çanakkale, Erzincan, Kayseri, Diyarbakır, Giresun, Mersin, Denizli, which were selected from seven regions of Turkey within a seven-month period. 508 primary and secondary school visual arts teachers participated in the study. The study is a case study and teachers’ readings related to the object and representation in the virtual museum and their VR museum experiences formed the units of analysis in the study. The data of the study was collected through worksheets, pre-evaluation forms, participant diaries and focus group interviews with voluntary teachers and content analysis method was employed to analyse the data. In the study, teachers were motivated to incorporate social and personal contexts into their readings of the object-space-representation. The results denoted that the activity enhanced teachers’ learning experiences in terms of personal and professional contexts. Although teachers highlighted that VR museum experiences could not offer much more rich experiences than the actual museum visits, they believed that it could be effective for visual arts classes and be blended with various learning activities given that the virtual museum experience offers the possibility of exploring a museum without a barrier of distance and incite enthusiasm and learning interest through digital technologies (e.g., sound, motion, immersive experience).

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

118B030

Thanks

This study was produced from a research project (118B030) granted by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBİTAK).

References

  • Akça, S. (2020). Teknoloji ve bilgi çağında müzeler: Genel bakış [Museums in the age of technology and information: Overview]. The Journal of Turkish Librarianship, 34, (2), 263-274.
  • Anderson, T. (2003). Art education for life. Journal of Art and Design Education, 22 (1), 58-66.
  • Barlas Bozkuş, Ş. (2014). Kültür ve sanat iletişimi çerçevesinde Türkiye'de sanal müzelerin gelişimi [The development of virtual museums in Turkey: As perspective of culture and art communication]. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 26, 329-344.
  • Burnham, R. & Kai-Kee, E. (2015). Müze dersleri: Yorum ve deneyim [Teaching in the art museum: Interpretation as experience]. (Çev./Trans. Aylin Onacak), İstanbul: Koç Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Bülbül, H. (2017). Müze eğitiminde bir seçenek olarak “Second Life” müzeleri [Using second life museums as an option ın education via museum]. Milli Eğitimi Dergisi, 214, 167-180.
  • Clutterbuck, R. (2008). Müzeleri anlamak, eğitim ve müze seminerleri [Understanding museums, education and museum seminars]. In İnci San (Ed.), Eğitim ve Müze Seminerleri [Education and Museum Seminars] (pp. 63-83) Ankara: Kök Yayıncılık.
  • Creswell, J.W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. 4th ed. Boston: Pearson Education.
  • Dierking, L.D. (2002). The role of the context in children’s learning from objects and experiences. In Paris, S.G. Perspectives on object-centered learning in museums (pp. 3-18). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Ass.
  • Dilli, R. (2020). Görsel kültür eğitimi [Visual culture education]. In Vedat Özsoy (Ed), Kültürel ve eleştirel sorgulama olarak görsel sanatlar öğretimi [Teaching visual arts as cultural and critical inquiry] (pp. 191-208). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Duncum, P. (2002). Theorizing everyday aesthetic experience with contemporary visual culture, Visual Arts Research, 28(2), 4-15.
  • Efland, D. A. (2005). Problems confronting visual culture, Art Education, 58 (6), 35-40
  • Eisner, E. (2002). The arts as the creation of mind, Yale University Press.
  • Ertürk, N. (2020). Müzeler karantinada! [Museums in quarantine!]. Turkish Studies, 15 (4), 389-402. https://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.44342
  • Falk, J. H. (2009). Identity and the museum visitor experience. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.
  • Hagberg, G. (2016). Word and object: Museums and the matter of meaning. Royal Institute of Philosophy Supple¬ment, 79, 261-293.
  • Hall, S. (2019). Temsil kültürel temsiller ve anlamlandırma uygulamaları [Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices]. (Çev./Trans. İdil Dündar), İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık.
  • Hawkey, R. (2004). Learning with digital technologies in museums, science centres and galleries. King’s College, London.
  • Hürst, W. Coninck, F. & Tan, X. J. (2016). Complementing Artworks to Create Immersive VR Museum Experiences. Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology, 34, 1–6, November 09-12, 2016, Osaka, Japan, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3001773.3001806
  • Karadeniz, C., Okvuran, A., Artar, M. & Çakır İlhan, A. (2015). Yeni müzebilim bağlamında müze eğitimine çağdaş yaklaşımlar ve müze eğitimcisi [Contemporary approaches and museum educator within the context of new museology]. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 48, (2), 203-226.
  • Karadeniz, C. (2020). Müzede dijital teknolojilerin kullanımı ve salgın sürecinde dijital katılım [The use of digital technologies in the museum and digital participation through pandemic process]. Idil, 70, 975–984. doi: 10.7816/idil-09-70-06
  • Karatay, A. & Karatay, A. (2015). New technologies in museum information design and augmented reality applications, Proceedings of International Fine Arts Symposium (pp.201-209), 12-13 November 2015, Konya, Turkey.
  • Leppert, R. (2009). Sanatta anlamın görüntüsü: İmgelerin toplumsal işlevi [Art and the committed eye: The cultural functions of imagery]. (Çev./Trans. İsmail Türkmen). 2nd ed. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Lepouras, G. Charitos, D., Vassilakis, C., Charisi, A. & Halatsi, L. (2001). Building a VR museum in a museum, in Richir, S., Richard, P., Taravel, B. (eds.), Proc. 2001 VRIC Laval Virtual International Conference, 16-18 May 2001, Laval, France.
  • Lewis G. (1996), The response of the museum to the web, Museum discussion list, Erişim: http://home.dc.lsoft.com/archives/museum-l.html. 15.06.2020.
  • Mamur, N. (2012). Perceptions concerning visual culture dialogues of visual art pre-service teachers. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice 12(3), 18-26.
  • Mamur, N. (2019). Öğrenme kuramları ve görsel sanatlar öğretimi [Learning theories and visual arts teaching]. In Vedat Özsoy (Ed.), Görsel sanatlar öğrenme ve öğretim yaklaşımları [Visual arts learning and teaching approaches]. (pp.139-152) Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Onur, B. (2012). Çağdaş müze eğitim ve gelişim: Müze psikolojisine giriş [Contemporary museum education and development: An introduction to museum psychology]. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
  • Özer, A. (2016). Sanal müzede öğrenmenin bağlamsal modelinin kullaniminin öğrencilerin akademik başarısı, motivasyonu ve memnuniyet düzeylerine etkisi [Using The Contextual Model of Learning Effect of Academic Achievement, Motivation and Satisfaction Levels of Students in Virtual Museum] (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Ankara Üniversitesi.
  • Özsoy, V. (2020). Görsel sanatlar eğitiminde görsel kültürün temelleri. [Basics of visual culture in visual arts education]. In Vedat Özsoy (Ed). Kültürel ve eleştirel sorgulama olarak görsel sanatlar öğretimi [Teaching visual arts as cultural and critical inquiry]. (pp. 1-20). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Saribaş, S. (2020). Müzede görsel kültür temelli bir uygulama. [An application based on visual culture in the museum]. In Vedat Özsoy (Ed). Kültürel ve eleştirel sorgulama olarak görsel sanatlar öğretimi [Teaching visual arts as cultural and critical inquiry]. (pp. 241-261). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Schofield, G., Beale, G., Beale, N., Fell, M., Hadley, D., Hook, J., Murphy, D., Richards J. & Thresh, L. (2018). Viking VR: Designing a virtual reality experience for a museum, immersive experiences içinde. (pp. 805-815) DIS 2018, June 9–13, 2018, Hong Kong.
  • Stone, D. L. (2001). Using the art museum, Massachusetts: Davis Pub.
  • Tavin, K. (2003). A critical pedagogy of visual culture as art education: Toward a performative inter/textual practice. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). The Pennylvania State University.
  • Tavin, K. (2002). Engaging advertisements: Looking for meaning in and through art education. Visual Arts Research, 28(2), 38-47.
  • Tishman, S. (2018). Slow looking: the art and pratice of learning through observation, Routledge.
  • Türkkan, B. (2008). İlköğretim görsel sanatlar dersi bağlamında görsel kültür çalışmaları: Bir eylem araştırması [Visual culture studies in primary school visual arts course: An action research]. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Anadolu University, Eskişehir.
  • Utkan Özden, H. (2019). Çağdaş sanat eserleri ve anlamları: Çağdaş sanat müzelerinin sanal müze olarak varlığı [Contemporary art works and their meanings: The existence of contemporary art museums as virtual museums.]. Unimuseum, 2 (2), 59-62.
  • Wilson, B. (2002). Conflicting forms of cultural literacy: Inside school and beyond schooling. Journal of Research in Art and Education, 3, 123-151.
  • Yenişehiroğlu, F. (2008). Türkiye'de müzecilik bilgi alanının gelişmesi üzerine gözlemler [Observations on the development of the museology field in Turkey]. Sanat Eğitimi ve Sanal Müze: Geçmişten Geleceğe Türkiye'de Müzecilik Sempozyumu Bildiri Kitabı [Art Education and Virtual Museum: Past to the Future Symposium Proceedings of Museology in Turkey], 21-22 May 2007, Ankara (s. 247-257). Ankara: VEKAM Yayınları.
  • Yıldırım, A. & Simşek, H. (2013). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri [Qualitative research methods in the social sciences]. Ankara: Seçkin.
  • Yılmaz, A., Yıldırım, G., Filiz, F. & İbrahimoğlu, Z. (2018). Etkileşimli müze ve tarihi çevre eğitimi: Kuramsal temeller ve örnek etkinlikler [Interactive museum and historical environmental education: Theoretical foundations and sample activities]. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Yücel, D. (2012). Yeni medya sanatı ve müze [New media art and museum]. İstanbul: İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Zhao, Y., Forte, M, & Kopper, R. (2018). VR Touch Museum, IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces, 18-22 March, Reutlingen, Germany.
  • Zouboula, N., Fakides, M. & Tsolakidis, C. (2008). Educational Uses of Virtual Reality: Constructing a VR Museum, International Conference on Interactice Collaborative Learning Proceedings. September 24 -26, 2008 Villach, Austria.
Year 2020, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 335 - 350, 30.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.33200/ijcer.799643

Abstract

Project Number

118B030

References

  • Akça, S. (2020). Teknoloji ve bilgi çağında müzeler: Genel bakış [Museums in the age of technology and information: Overview]. The Journal of Turkish Librarianship, 34, (2), 263-274.
  • Anderson, T. (2003). Art education for life. Journal of Art and Design Education, 22 (1), 58-66.
  • Barlas Bozkuş, Ş. (2014). Kültür ve sanat iletişimi çerçevesinde Türkiye'de sanal müzelerin gelişimi [The development of virtual museums in Turkey: As perspective of culture and art communication]. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 26, 329-344.
  • Burnham, R. & Kai-Kee, E. (2015). Müze dersleri: Yorum ve deneyim [Teaching in the art museum: Interpretation as experience]. (Çev./Trans. Aylin Onacak), İstanbul: Koç Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Bülbül, H. (2017). Müze eğitiminde bir seçenek olarak “Second Life” müzeleri [Using second life museums as an option ın education via museum]. Milli Eğitimi Dergisi, 214, 167-180.
  • Clutterbuck, R. (2008). Müzeleri anlamak, eğitim ve müze seminerleri [Understanding museums, education and museum seminars]. In İnci San (Ed.), Eğitim ve Müze Seminerleri [Education and Museum Seminars] (pp. 63-83) Ankara: Kök Yayıncılık.
  • Creswell, J.W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. 4th ed. Boston: Pearson Education.
  • Dierking, L.D. (2002). The role of the context in children’s learning from objects and experiences. In Paris, S.G. Perspectives on object-centered learning in museums (pp. 3-18). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Ass.
  • Dilli, R. (2020). Görsel kültür eğitimi [Visual culture education]. In Vedat Özsoy (Ed), Kültürel ve eleştirel sorgulama olarak görsel sanatlar öğretimi [Teaching visual arts as cultural and critical inquiry] (pp. 191-208). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Duncum, P. (2002). Theorizing everyday aesthetic experience with contemporary visual culture, Visual Arts Research, 28(2), 4-15.
  • Efland, D. A. (2005). Problems confronting visual culture, Art Education, 58 (6), 35-40
  • Eisner, E. (2002). The arts as the creation of mind, Yale University Press.
  • Ertürk, N. (2020). Müzeler karantinada! [Museums in quarantine!]. Turkish Studies, 15 (4), 389-402. https://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.44342
  • Falk, J. H. (2009). Identity and the museum visitor experience. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press.
  • Hagberg, G. (2016). Word and object: Museums and the matter of meaning. Royal Institute of Philosophy Supple¬ment, 79, 261-293.
  • Hall, S. (2019). Temsil kültürel temsiller ve anlamlandırma uygulamaları [Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices]. (Çev./Trans. İdil Dündar), İstanbul: Pinhan Yayıncılık.
  • Hawkey, R. (2004). Learning with digital technologies in museums, science centres and galleries. King’s College, London.
  • Hürst, W. Coninck, F. & Tan, X. J. (2016). Complementing Artworks to Create Immersive VR Museum Experiences. Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology, 34, 1–6, November 09-12, 2016, Osaka, Japan, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3001773.3001806
  • Karadeniz, C., Okvuran, A., Artar, M. & Çakır İlhan, A. (2015). Yeni müzebilim bağlamında müze eğitimine çağdaş yaklaşımlar ve müze eğitimcisi [Contemporary approaches and museum educator within the context of new museology]. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 48, (2), 203-226.
  • Karadeniz, C. (2020). Müzede dijital teknolojilerin kullanımı ve salgın sürecinde dijital katılım [The use of digital technologies in the museum and digital participation through pandemic process]. Idil, 70, 975–984. doi: 10.7816/idil-09-70-06
  • Karatay, A. & Karatay, A. (2015). New technologies in museum information design and augmented reality applications, Proceedings of International Fine Arts Symposium (pp.201-209), 12-13 November 2015, Konya, Turkey.
  • Leppert, R. (2009). Sanatta anlamın görüntüsü: İmgelerin toplumsal işlevi [Art and the committed eye: The cultural functions of imagery]. (Çev./Trans. İsmail Türkmen). 2nd ed. İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Lepouras, G. Charitos, D., Vassilakis, C., Charisi, A. & Halatsi, L. (2001). Building a VR museum in a museum, in Richir, S., Richard, P., Taravel, B. (eds.), Proc. 2001 VRIC Laval Virtual International Conference, 16-18 May 2001, Laval, France.
  • Lewis G. (1996), The response of the museum to the web, Museum discussion list, Erişim: http://home.dc.lsoft.com/archives/museum-l.html. 15.06.2020.
  • Mamur, N. (2012). Perceptions concerning visual culture dialogues of visual art pre-service teachers. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice 12(3), 18-26.
  • Mamur, N. (2019). Öğrenme kuramları ve görsel sanatlar öğretimi [Learning theories and visual arts teaching]. In Vedat Özsoy (Ed.), Görsel sanatlar öğrenme ve öğretim yaklaşımları [Visual arts learning and teaching approaches]. (pp.139-152) Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Onur, B. (2012). Çağdaş müze eğitim ve gelişim: Müze psikolojisine giriş [Contemporary museum education and development: An introduction to museum psychology]. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
  • Özer, A. (2016). Sanal müzede öğrenmenin bağlamsal modelinin kullaniminin öğrencilerin akademik başarısı, motivasyonu ve memnuniyet düzeylerine etkisi [Using The Contextual Model of Learning Effect of Academic Achievement, Motivation and Satisfaction Levels of Students in Virtual Museum] (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Ankara Üniversitesi.
  • Özsoy, V. (2020). Görsel sanatlar eğitiminde görsel kültürün temelleri. [Basics of visual culture in visual arts education]. In Vedat Özsoy (Ed). Kültürel ve eleştirel sorgulama olarak görsel sanatlar öğretimi [Teaching visual arts as cultural and critical inquiry]. (pp. 1-20). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Saribaş, S. (2020). Müzede görsel kültür temelli bir uygulama. [An application based on visual culture in the museum]. In Vedat Özsoy (Ed). Kültürel ve eleştirel sorgulama olarak görsel sanatlar öğretimi [Teaching visual arts as cultural and critical inquiry]. (pp. 241-261). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Schofield, G., Beale, G., Beale, N., Fell, M., Hadley, D., Hook, J., Murphy, D., Richards J. & Thresh, L. (2018). Viking VR: Designing a virtual reality experience for a museum, immersive experiences içinde. (pp. 805-815) DIS 2018, June 9–13, 2018, Hong Kong.
  • Stone, D. L. (2001). Using the art museum, Massachusetts: Davis Pub.
  • Tavin, K. (2003). A critical pedagogy of visual culture as art education: Toward a performative inter/textual practice. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). The Pennylvania State University.
  • Tavin, K. (2002). Engaging advertisements: Looking for meaning in and through art education. Visual Arts Research, 28(2), 38-47.
  • Tishman, S. (2018). Slow looking: the art and pratice of learning through observation, Routledge.
  • Türkkan, B. (2008). İlköğretim görsel sanatlar dersi bağlamında görsel kültür çalışmaları: Bir eylem araştırması [Visual culture studies in primary school visual arts course: An action research]. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Anadolu University, Eskişehir.
  • Utkan Özden, H. (2019). Çağdaş sanat eserleri ve anlamları: Çağdaş sanat müzelerinin sanal müze olarak varlığı [Contemporary art works and their meanings: The existence of contemporary art museums as virtual museums.]. Unimuseum, 2 (2), 59-62.
  • Wilson, B. (2002). Conflicting forms of cultural literacy: Inside school and beyond schooling. Journal of Research in Art and Education, 3, 123-151.
  • Yenişehiroğlu, F. (2008). Türkiye'de müzecilik bilgi alanının gelişmesi üzerine gözlemler [Observations on the development of the museology field in Turkey]. Sanat Eğitimi ve Sanal Müze: Geçmişten Geleceğe Türkiye'de Müzecilik Sempozyumu Bildiri Kitabı [Art Education and Virtual Museum: Past to the Future Symposium Proceedings of Museology in Turkey], 21-22 May 2007, Ankara (s. 247-257). Ankara: VEKAM Yayınları.
  • Yıldırım, A. & Simşek, H. (2013). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri [Qualitative research methods in the social sciences]. Ankara: Seçkin.
  • Yılmaz, A., Yıldırım, G., Filiz, F. & İbrahimoğlu, Z. (2018). Etkileşimli müze ve tarihi çevre eğitimi: Kuramsal temeller ve örnek etkinlikler [Interactive museum and historical environmental education: Theoretical foundations and sample activities]. Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
  • Yücel, D. (2012). Yeni medya sanatı ve müze [New media art and museum]. İstanbul: İstanbul Kültür Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Zhao, Y., Forte, M, & Kopper, R. (2018). VR Touch Museum, IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces, 18-22 March, Reutlingen, Germany.
  • Zouboula, N., Fakides, M. & Tsolakidis, C. (2008). Educational Uses of Virtual Reality: Constructing a VR Museum, International Conference on Interactice Collaborative Learning Proceedings. September 24 -26, 2008 Villach, Austria.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nuray Mamur 0000-0002-1234-6397

Vedat Özsoy 0000-0003-0483-1445

İbrahim Karagöz 0000-0001-6514-7802

Project Number 118B030
Publication Date December 30, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 7 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Mamur, N., Özsoy, V., & Karagöz, İ. (2020). Digital Learning Experience in Museums: Cultural Readings in a Virtual Environment. International Journal of Contemporary Educational Research, 7(2), 335-350. https://doi.org/10.33200/ijcer.799643

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IJCER (International Journal of Contemporary Educational Research) ISSN: 2148-3868