The Effectiveness of Calistenic Exercise Training in Adolescents Receiving Online Education During COVID-19 Pandemic

Yıl 2022, , 38 - 48, 20.06.2022

Kemal Altuntas , Nihan Özünlü Pekyavaş , Oya Ümit Yemişçi , Halime Ceren Tezeren

https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1082757

Cited By: 2

Öz

Background: During the Covid-19 pandemic, it was observed that the level of physical activity decreased with social isolation. Our aim in this study was to examine the effectiveness of calisthenic exercise training on physical activity, quality of life, sleep, anxiety and depression levels in adolescents. Methods: Thirty-eight adolescent students who had been studying full-time online education during the pandemic were randomized into two groups; calisthenic exercise group (n=19, mean age= 12,84±0,37, BMI= 21,23± 3,66) and control group (n=19, mean age=13,05±0,84,BMI=21,27±2,27). Calisthenic exercise group received calisthenic exercise training for 8 weeks through the videoconferans and control group didnt receive any exercise treatment. The levels of physical activity were measured by the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess sleep quality. Quality of life was assessed using Pediatric Quality of Life Questionnaire Short Form (PedsQL-SF). The Beck Anxiety Scale (BAS) and Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale (RADS) were used to determine the level of anxiety. Results: There was a statistically significant improvement in physical activity levels (IPAQ p=0.049), anxiety depression (BAS and RADS P=0.007), quality of life (PedsQL-SFp= 0.012) and sleep (PSQI p= 0.045) in the exercise group (p<0.05). No significant improvement was observed in any measurement parameters in the control group (p>0.05). Conclusions: The results of this sudy suggest that calisthenic exercise training at home is effective in physical activity, quality of life, sleep, anxiety and depression levels in adolescents despite social isolation during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Anahtar Kelimeler

online education, calistenic exercise, pyhsical activity, adolescents

Kaynakça

• Ağargün, M.Y., Kara, H., Anlar, O. (1996). The Validity and Reliability of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry;7(2):107-115.
• Aktuğ, Z.B., İri, R., Aktuğ Demi, N. (2020). COVID-19 immune system and exercise. J Hum Sci;17(2):513-520.
• Ayhan, F.F., Pervane Vural, S. (2020). Physical activity, obesity and COVID-19. Ayhan FF, Demirbağ Kabayel D, eds. Turkey Clinics COVID-19;75-82.
• Berk, Y. (2021). Investıgatıon Of The Effect Of Physıcal Actıvıty On The Qualıty Of Lıfe And Emotıon Durıng Covıd-19 Pandemıa Process. Hacettepe Journal of Sport Sciences;(2):57-70.
• Boutelle, K.N., Murray, D.M., Jeffery, R.W., Hennrikus, D.J., Lando, HA. (2000). Associations between exercise and health behaviors in a community sample of working adults. Prev Med;30(3):217-224.
• Bulguroğlu, H., Bulguroğlu, M., Özaslan, A. (2021). Investigation of Physical Activity, Quality of Life and Depression Levels of University Students During the Covid-19 Pandemic Process. Acıbadem University Journal of Health Science;12(2):306-311.
• Cağlayan Tunç. A., Zorba, E., Çingöz, Y. (2020). The Effect of Exercise on Quality of Life in the Period of Pandemic (Covid 19). UGEAD - IntJCES; 6(1): 127-135.
• Cakın-Memik, N., Ağaoğlu, B., Coşkun, A., Üneri, Ö.Ş., (2007). Karakaya I. The validity and reliability of the Turkish Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory for children 13-18 years old. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry;18(4):353-363.
• Celik, F., Yenal, T. (2020). Covid-19 and Physical Inactivity. Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science;3(2): 249-259.
• Cihan, E., Sahbaz Pirincci, C. (2020). Life quality relationship of young population with physical activity level and depression level in Covid-19 pandemıc period. Journal of Selçuk Health, Covid-19 Special; 41-53.
• Ercan, E.S., Arman, A.R., Emiroğlu, N.I. Öztop, D.B., Yalçın, Ö. (2020). Turkey association of child and adolescent psychiatry the family, children and psychosocial support, and spiritual guide for adolescentsduring Covid-19 (corona) virus epidemic. Turkish Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Association.
• Ercan, Ş., Keklicek, H. (2020). Investigation of the change in physical activity levels of university students due to COVID-19 Pandemic. Izmir Katip Celebi University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal; 5(2): 69-74.
• Gemalmaz, A., Aksoy, U. (2020). Obesity and exercise in adolescent period. Kurdak H, ed. Aile Hekimliğinde Egzersiz. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Turkey Clinics; 47-50.
• Hyunsuk, J., Hyeon, W.Y., Yeong-Jun, S., Moran, K., Jung-Ah, M., Juhee, C., Jeong-Ho, C. (2016). Mental health status of people isolated due to Middle East Respiratory Syndrome. Epidemiol Health; 38: e2016048
• Ilhan Alp, S., Deveci, M., Erdal, B., Akalın, R., Terzi, D. (2020). Quality of Sleep and insomny violence in university students in the period of COVID-19. NKMJ; 8(3): 295-302.
• Isıklar, Ç. (2021). The importance of sports and exercises in childhood, Fenerbahçe University Journal of Health Science; 1(1):36-44.
• Kartal, A., Ergin, E., Kanmış, H. (2020). COVID-19 Suggestions about healthy nutrition and physical fitness exercise during Covid-19 pandemic. Avrasya Journal of Health Science; 3:149-155.
• Kaya Ciddi, P., Yazgan, E. (2020). The effect of physical activity status on quality of life during social isolation in Covıd-19 epidemic. İstanbul Ticaret University Journal of Social Sciences, Spring (Covid19-Special); 262-279.
• Korkmaz, N., Öztürk, İ., Rodoplu, C., Uğur, S. (2020). Investigation of changes in physical activity levels of secondary school students during the covid-19 outbreak process (Bursa case example)). Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences; 22(4):101-115.
• Kücük, G., Durutürk, N. (2022). The Effects of Exercise Training in Distance Education University Students on Physical Activity, Quality of Life and Sleep, and Levels of Anxiety, Depression: Randomized Clinical Study. Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci; 7(1):138-47
• Odriozola-González, P., Planchuelo-Gómez, A., Jesús Irurtia, M., Luis-García, R. (2020). Psychological effects of the COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown among students and workers of a Spanish university. Psychiatry research; 290: 113108.
• Orhan, O., Deniz, B. (2020). In the Dawn of the Pandemics: COVID-19 and physical inactivity. Izmir Kâtip Çelebi University Faculty of Health Science Journal; 5(2):143-146.
• Oskay, G. (1997). Reynolds Ergen Depresyon Ölçeğinin (Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale-Rads) Adaptation to Turkish, validity and reliability study. Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal; 2: 17-26.
• Rossi, R., Socci,V., Talevi, D., Mensi, S. Niolu, C., Pacitti, F., Di Marco, A., Rossi, A., Siracusano, A., Di Lorenzo, G. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures impact on mental health among the general population in Italy: An N= 18147 web-based survey. medRxiv; 18(2):321-31.
• Sağlam, M. Arıkan, H., Savcı, S. (2010). International physical activity questionnare reliability and validity of turkish version. Percept Mot Ski; 11:278-284.
• Sardinha, B., Baptista, F., Ekelund, U. (2008). Objectively measured physical activity and bone strength in 9-year-old boys and girls. Pediatrics;122:728-736.
• Strine, T.W., Kroenke, K., Dhingra, S., Balluz, L.S., Gonzalez, O., Berry, J.T., Mokdad, A.H. (2009). The associations between depression, health-related quality of life, social support, life satisfaction, and disability in community-dwelling US adults. J Nerv Ment Dis; 197(1):61-64.
• Taskın, G., Ozdemir, S.F. (2018). The importance of exercise on children. Gazi Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences; 23(2): 131-141.
• Temel, F., Hancı, P., Kasapoğlu, T., Kışla, R.M., Sarıkaya, M.S., Yılmaz, M.A., et al. (2010). The sleep quality of students in vocational high school in Ankara and influencing factors. Journal of Child Health and Diseases;53:122-131.
• Thomas, E., Bianco, A., Mancuso, E.P., Patti, A., Tabacchi, G., Paoli, A., Messina, G., Palma, A. (2017). The effects of a calisthenics training intervention on posture, strength and body composition Isokinet Exerc Sci; 25(3):215-222.
• Ulusoy, M., Şahin, N., Erkmen, H. (1998). Turkish version of the Beck Anxiety Inventory: Psychometric Properties. J Cogn Psychother; 12:163-172.
• Wang, C., Pan, R., Wan, X., Tan, Y., Xu, L., Ho, C.S., Ho, R.C. (2020). Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health; 17(5):1729.
• World Health Organization. Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) when COVID-19 disease is suspected: Interim guidance. Retrieved March 13, 2020 from https://www.who.int/publications-detail/clinical-management-of-severe-acuterespiratory-infection-when-novel-coronavirus-(ncov)-infection-issuspected
• Zhou, J., Yuan, X., Qi, H., liu, R., li, Y., Huang, H., et al. (2020). Prevalence of depression and its correla-tive factors among female adolescents in China during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak. Global Health; 16-69.