Investigation of the Effect Of Eight-Week Aqua Fitness Exercises On Some Strength Parameters And Body Composition With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 279 - 286, 25.10.2023

Ahmet Kurtoğlu , Bekir Çar , Nurettin Konar , Kamil Uzgur , Oğuz Baltacı

https://doi.org/10.33438/ijdshs.1254879

Öz

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of eight-week aqua fitness (AF) exercises on some strength parameters and body composition of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Twenty children with ASD, aged 5 to 9 years, who participated in basic physical activity training (BMT) for at least three months were enrolled in the study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: AF exercise group (AFG) and basic movement training group (BMTG). The AFG group was trained for 8 weeks (2 days per week) using AF, while the BMTG group completed basic movement training (BMT) exercises for 8 weeks (2 days per week). Before and after the training programs, the medicine ball throw, flexibility test, vertical jump, standing long jump, and body fat percentage of the participants were determined. The Wilcoxon test was used for statistical analysis of the study. The study measured a significant difference before and after the AF training program medicine ball throw (p=.005), sit and reach test (p=.005), vertical jump (p=.005), standing long jump (p=.005) and body fat percentage in AFG, before and after training. medicine ball throw (p=.564), vertical jump (p=.461), and standing long jump (p=.674) did not change in the BMTG group before and after training. Sit and reach (p=.039) and body fat percentage (p=.032) changed significantly in BMTG. AF exercises had a positive effect on some strength parameters and body composition in individuals with ASD. AF Exercises showed more effective results than BMT exercises in individuals with ASD

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aqua fitness, strenght, body composition, autism spectrum disorder

Kaynakça

• Akinoğlu, B., Paköz, B., Hasanoğlu, A., Kocahan, T. (2021). Investigation of the relationship between sit-and-reach flexibility and the height, the leg length and the trunk length in adolescent athletes. Balt J Heal Phys Act, 13(4), 29-37. doi:10.29359/BJHPA.13.4.04
• Almuzaini, K.S., Fleck, S.J. (2008). Modification of the Standing Long Jump Test Enhances Ability to Predict Anaerobic Performance. J Strength Cond Res, 22(4), 1265-1272. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181739838
• Ayán-Pérez, C., Cancela-Carral, J.M., Lago-Ballesteros, J., Martínez-Lemos, I. (2017). Reliability of Sargent Jump Test in 4-to 5-Year-Old Children. Percept Mot Skills, 124(1),39-57. doi:10.1177/00315125166761 74
• Bandini, L.G., Gleason, J., Curtin, C., et al. (2013). Comparison of physical activity between children with autism spectrum disorders and typically developing children. Autism, 17(1),44-54.doi:10.1177/1362361312437416
• Bui, H.T., Farinas, M.I., Fortin, A.M., Comtois, A.S., Leone, M. (2014). Comparison and analysis of three different methods to evaluate vertical jump height Summary Correspondence. Published online doi:10.1111/cpf.12148
• Chawarska, K., Klin, A., Paul, R., Macari, S., Volkmar, F. (2009). A prospective study of toddlers with ASD: short-term diagnostic and cognitive outcomes. J Child Psychol Psychiatry,50(10),1235-1245.doi:10.1111/j. 1469-7610.2009.02101.x
• Cohen, J. (1988). The effect size. Stat Power Anal Behav Sci. Published online, 77-83. Accessed December 12, 2022. https://cir.nii. ac.jp/crid/1572261550809239040
• Davis, K.L., Kang, M., Boswell, B.B., DuBose, K.D., Altman, S.R., Binkley, H.M. (2008). Validity and Reliability of the Medicine Ball Throw for Kindergarten Children. J Strength Cond Res, 22(6), 1958-1963. doi:10.1519 /JSC.0b013e3181821b20
• García-Depraect, O., Martínez-Mendoza, L.J., Diaz, I., Muñoz, R. (2022). Two-stage anaerobic digestion of food waste: Enhanced bioenergy production rate by steering lactate-type fermentation during hydrolysis-acidogenesis. Bioresour Technol,358, 127358.doi:10.1016/j.biortech. 2022.127358
• Gomes Costa, R.R., Dorneles, J.R., Lopes, G.H., Gorla, J.I., Ribeiro Neto, F. (2021). Medicine Ball Throw Responsiveness to Measure Wheelchair Basketball Mobility in Male Players. J Sport Rehabil, 30(8), 1230-1232. doi:10.1123/jsr.2020-0222
• Goncharova, N., Kashuba, V., Tkachova, A., Khabinets, T., Kostiuchenko, O., Pymonenko, M. (2020). Correction of Postural Disorders of Mature Age Women in the Process of Aqua Fitness Taking Into Account the Body Type. Phys Educ Theory Methodol,20(3),127-136. doi:10.17309/tmfv. 2020.3.01
• Healy, S., Haegele, J.A., Grenier, M., Garcia, J.M. (2017). Physical Activity, Screen-Time Behavior, and Obesity Among 13-Year Olds in Ireland with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord, 47(1), 49-57. doi:10.1007/s10803-016-2920-4
• Ikeda, Y., Kijima, K., Kawabata, K., Fuchimoto, T., Ito A. (2006). Relationship between side medicine-ball throw performance and physical ability for male and female athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol, 99(1), 47-55. doi:10.1007/s00421-006-0316-4
• Jones, A.M. (2002). Running Economy is Negatively Related to Sit-and-Reach Test Performance in International-Standard Distance Runners. Int J Sports Med, 23(1), 40-43. doi:10.1055/s-2002-19271
• Jones, W., Klin, A. (2013). Attention to eyes is present but in decline in 2–6-month-old infants later diagnosed with autism. Nature, 504(7480),427-431.doi:10.1038/nature12715
• Jorgić, B., Grbović, A., Đorđević, S., Stanković, V., Stanković, R. (2019). Influence Of Certain Motor Abilities On Ball Throwing Velocity In Goalball: A Pilot Study. Facta Univ Ser Phys Educ Sport, Published online November 19,195. doi:10.22190/FUPES 190904020J
• Kirkini, A., Christou, M., Apostolidis, A., Toumpi, E., Hadjicharalambous, M. (2019). High Level of Sit-and-Reach Flexibility Enhances Neuromuscular Explosiveness Performance in Young Elite Soccer Players. In: The 9th Conference of Biochemistry and Physiology of Exercise, MDPI, 27. doi:10.3390/procee dings2019025027
• Lee, B.A., Oh, D.J. (2014). The effects of aquatic exercise on body composition, physical fitness, and vascular compliance of obese elementary students. J Exerc Rehabil, 10(3), 184-190. doi:10.12965/jer.140115
• Lee, S.Y., Im, S.H., Kim, B.R., Han, E.Y. (2018). The Effects of a Motorized Aquatic Treadmill Exercise Program on Muscle Strength, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Clinical Function in Subacute Stroke Patients. Am J Phys Med Rehabil, 97(8), 533-540.doi:10.1097/PHM.0000000000000920
• Liang, X., Li, R., Wong, S. H., Sum, R. K., Wang, P., Yang, B., & Sit, C. H. (2022). The effects of exercise interventions on executive functions in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine, 52(1), 75-88. doi:10.1007/s40279-021-015 45-3
• McCoy, S. M., Jakicic, J. M., & Gibbs, B. B. (2016). Comparison of obesity, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors between adolescents with autism spectrum disorders and without. Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 46, 2317-2326. doi:10.1007/s10803-016-2762-0
• Mattys, L., Noens, I., Evers, K., & Baeyens, D. (2018). “Hold me tight so I can go it alone”: Developmental themes for young adults with autism spectrum disorder. Qualitative health research, 28(2), 321-333.doi:10.1177/104 9732317730329
• Menear, K. S., & Neumeier, W. H. (2015). Promoting physical activity for students with autism spectrum disorder: Barriers, benefits, and strategies for success. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, 86(3), 43-48. doi:10.1080/07303084. 2014. 998395
• Ostojić, S. M., Stojanović, M., & Ahmetović, Z. (2010). Vertical jump as a tool in assessment of muscular power and anaerobic performance. Medicinski pregled, 63(5-6),371-375. doi:10.2298/MPNS1006371O
• Padwal, R., Majumdar, S. R., & Leslie, W. D. (2016). Relationship among body fat percentage, body mass index, and all-cause mortality. Annals of internal medicine, 165(8), 604. doi:10.7326/L16-0334
• Pan, C. Y. (2014). Motor proficiency and physical fitness in adolescent males with and without autism spectrum disorders. Autism, 18(2), 156-165. doi:10.1177/1362361312458597
• Pan, C.Y., Tsai, C.L., Chu, C.H., Sung, M.C., Ma, W.Y., Huang, C.Y. (2016). Objectively Measured Physical Activity and Health-Related Physical Fitness in Secondary School-Aged Male Students With Autism Spectrum Disorders. Phys Ther, 96(4), 511-520. doi:10.2522/ptj.20140353
• Parker, S. B., Hurley, B. F., Hanlon, D. P., & Vaccaro, P. (1989). Failure of target heart rate to accurately monitor intensity during aerobic dance. Medicine and Science in sports and Exercise, 21(2), 230-234. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2709986
• Phillips, K. L., Schieve, L. A., Visser, S., Boulet, S., Sharma, A. J., Kogan, M. D., ... & Yeargin-Allsopp, M. (2014). Prevalence and impact of unhealthy weight in a national sample of US adolescents with autism and other learning and behavioral disabilities. Maternal and child health journal, 18, 1964-1975. doi:10.1007/s10995-014-1442-y
• Pierce, K., Marinero, S., Hazin, R., McKenna, B., Barnes, C. C., & Malige, A. (2016). Eye tracking reveals abnormal visual preference for geometric images as an early biomarker of an autism spectrum disorder subtype associated with increased symptom severity. Biological psychiatry, 79(8), 657-666. doi:10.1016/J.BIOPSYCH.2015.03.032
• Sammoud, S., Negra, Y., Bouguezzi, R., Hachana, Y., Granacher, U., & Chaabene, H. (2021). The effects of plyometric jump training on jump and sport-specific performances in prepubertal female swimmers. Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness, 19(1), 25-31. doi:10.1016/j.jesf.2020.07.003
• Savoie, F. A., Kenefick, R. W., Ely, B. R., Cheuvront, S. N., & Goulet, E. D. (2015). Effect of hypohydration on muscle endurance, strength, anaerobic power and capacity and vertical jumping ability: a meta-analysis. Sports medicine, 45, 1207-1227. doi:10.1007/s40279-015-0349-0
• Totsika, V., Hastings, R. P., Emerson, E., Lancaster, G. A., & Berridge, D. M. (2011). A population‐based investigation of behavioural and emotional problems and maternal mental health: Associations with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52(1), 91-99. doi:10.1111/ j.14 69-7610.2010.02295.x
• Ulu, A. E. and Karacasu, G. (2022). Burnout, Anxiety and Coping Attitudes in Parents of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Int J Disabil Sports Health Sci; 5(2): 122-135. https: //doi. org /10.33438/ijdshs.1181098
• Van den Tillaar, R., & Marques, M. C. (2013). Reliability of seated and standing throwing velocity using differently weighted medicine balls. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(5), 1234-1238. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182654a09
• Wang, Q., Hu, Y., Shi, D., Zhang, Y., Zou, X., Li, S. & Yi, L. (2018). Children with autism spectrum disorder prefer looking at repetitive movements in a preferential looking paradigm. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 48, 2821-2831. doi:10.1007/s10803-018-3546-5.