Investigation of the three-phase heat pump drying system's impact on power quality of the electrical grid

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4, 667 - 683, 22.12.2023

Sunay Türkdoğan , Mehmet Direk , Cüneyt Tunçkal

https://doi.org/10.58559/ijes.1363503

Öz

In this study, the impact of an experimentally designed Heat Pump Drying (HPD) system on the electrical grid was evaluated. For this purpose, eggplant slices were dried in the experimental HPD system under controlled humidity and temperature conditions. In the HPD system, condenser of heat pump and an external electric heater with a power rating of 550 W were placed at the inlet of the drying chamber. A controller was used in the drying chamber to maintain a constant air temperature of 35 °C and humidity levels between 20% and 40%. This controller effectively activated the compressor and the external heater individually or in groups to achieve the desired drying conditions. Throughout the experiment, a Fluke 435 II power analyzer was employed to examine the impact of the HPD system on the electrical grid. Parameters such as active power, reactive power, power factor, displacement power factor, harmonics, imbalances, and energy consumption were recorded for the system. The obtained data were analyzed in accordance with energy quality standards, and issues were identified. Suggestions for improving the energy quality of the system were subsequently proposed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Heat pump drying, Humidity and temperature control, Energy quality, Harmonics, Reactive power

Kaynakça

• [1] Rahman MS, Perera CO, Thebaud C. Desorption isotherm and heat pump drying kinetics of peas. Food Res Int 1997;30:485–91.
• [2] Liu H, Yousaf K, Chen K, Fan R, Liu J, Soomro S. Design and thermal analysis of an air source heat pump dryer for food drying. Sustainability 2018;10:3216.
• [3] Prasertsan S, Saen-saby P. Heat pump drying of agricultural materials. Dry Technol 1998;16:235–50.
• [4] Strommen I, Kramer K. New applications of heat pumps in drying processes. Dry Technol 1994;12:889–901.
• [5] Zhan B, Wang Z, Shao S, Xu Z, Yang Y, Xu C. Simulation investigation on a novel open-loop air cycle heat pump drying system. Int J Refrig 2022;141:31–42.
• [6] Akmal M, Fox B, Morrow JD, Littler T. Impact of heat pump load on distribution networks. IET Gener Transm Distrib 2014;8:2065–73.
• [7] Navarro-Espinosa A, Mancarella P. Probabilistic modeling and assessment of the impact of electric heat pumps on low voltage distribution networks. Appl Energy 2014;127:249–66.
• [8] Kudelina K, Vaimann T, Rassõlkin A, Kallaste A, Huynh VK. Heat pump induction motor faults caused by soft starter topology — case study. 2021 IEEE 19th Int. Power Electron. Motion Control Conf. PEMC, IEEE; 2021, 454–9.
• [9] Aslan İ, Türkdoğan S. Bir kamu eğitim binasının enerji kalitesinin ve verimliliğinin analizi ile geliştirilmesine yönelik öneriler. Nat. Soc. Sci., Konya, Turkey, icensos 2023; 1: 643–51.
• [10] Tabak B, Yalçın MA. Elektrik güç sistemlerinde enerji kalitesi. Sak Univ J Sci 2004;8:52–4.
• [11] Sankaran C. Power Quality. CRC Press; 2017.
• [12] Fluke. Fluke 434/435 Three Phase Power Quality Analyzer 2008.
• [13] Dugan RC, McGranaghan MF, Santoso S, Beaty HW. Electrical Power Systems Quality. 3rd Edition. McGraw-Hill Education; 2012.
• [14] ABB. Technical Application Papers No.8 Power factor correction and harmonic filtering in electrical plants 2019.
• [15] Demirkol Ö. Harmoni̇k içeren ve dengesi̇z şebekelerde ölçme ve kompanzasyon. Master’s Thesis, Sakarya University, 2006.
• [16] Masetti C. Revision of European Standard EN 50160 on power quality: Reasons and solutions. Proc. 14th Int. Conf. Harmon. Qual. Power - ICHQP, IEEE; 2010; 1–7.
• [17] Ünlüsoy B. Enerji kalitesi, TS EN 50160 standardı ve ülkemizdeki uygulamaları. Schneider Elektr San ve Tic AŞ 2011;1.
• [18] Bhuvaneswari G, Charles S, Nair MG. Power quality studies on a soft-start for an induction motor. IEEEPES Transm. Distrib. Conf. Expo., IEEE; 2008; 1–6.