Deprem Sonrası Salgın Oluşturma Potansiyeline Sahip Enfeksiyon Hastalıklarının Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 489 - 499, 21.06.2023

Ayşe Akbıyık , Mustafa Agah Tekindal

Öz

Amaç: Çalışmada deprem sonrası salgın oluşturma potansiyeline sahip enfeksiyon hastalıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Sistematik bir değerlendirme olan bu araştırmada veri kaynağı olarak, 28 Şubat 2023 ve öncesinde, deprem sonrasında enfeksiyon hastalıklarının insidansını belirleyen 20 adet araştırma kullanıldı. Tanımlayıcı istatistikler birim sayısı, yüzde, ortalama ± standart sapma değerleri olarak verildi. Bağımlı iki gruplu değişkenlerin karşılaştırmaları Wilcoxon testi ile yapıldı. p<0,05 değeri istatistiksel olarak önemli kabul edildi.

Bulgular: Araştırmaların %60’ı kohort retrospektif, %30’u kohort prospektif; %40’ı deprem öncesi ve deprem sonrasına ilişkin veri sunmakta idi. Araştırmalar 1980 ile 2016 yılları arasında gerçekleşen 7,90±1,41 Richter büyüklüğündeki depremlerle ilgili idi. Enfeksiyon hastalıkları insidans ortalamaları deprem öncesinde 15,47±22,94, deprem sonrasında ise 1465,29±3379,69. Deprem sonrasındaki insidans ortalamalarındaki artış anlamlı düzeyde idi (p<0,05). Genel olarak, solunum sistemi (akut solunum yolu enfeksiyonu, pnömoni, tüberküloz difteri ve vadi ateşi), gastrointestinal sistem (akut gastroenterit, viral hepatitler), vektör kaynaklı (sıtma, leishmaniyazis, zika virüsü ve japon-ensefaliti) enfeksiyon hastalıklarına ek olarak, tetanoz deprem sonrasında salgın yapma potansiyeli bulunan enfeksiyon hastalıkları arasında idi. 2001 ve 2020 yılları arasında gerçekleşen depremler temel alındığında, Asya kıtasında, vektör kaynaklı enfeksiyon hastalıkları alt grup kategorilerinde deprem sonrası insidans ortalamaları deprem öncesine kıyasla belirgin düzeyde fazla idi (p<0,05).

Sonuç: Bu çalışma, depremlerden sonra enfeksiyon hastalıkları insidansında artış olduğunu gösterdi. Kurumların deprem sonrasında dönemde acil sağlık hizmetleri, yeterli barınak, gıda kaynağı, temiz içme ve kullanma suyu ve güvenilir sağlık sistemleri sağlamayı içeren uygulanabilir, etkili stratejiler geliştirmesi faydalı olacaktır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Deprem, afet, enfeksiyon, bulaşıcı, insidans.

Destekleyen Kurum

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Proje Numarası

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Teşekkür

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Identification of Infectious Diseases that Have the Potential to Cause Epidemics After an Earthquake

Öz

Objective: In study was aimed to determine the infectious diseases that have the potential to cause epidemics after the earthquake.

Material and Method: In this research, which is a systematic evaluation, 20 studies that determined the incidence of infectious diseases after the earthquake on February 28, 2023 and before were used as data sources. Descriptive statistics were given as number of units, percentage, mean ± standard deviation. Comparisons of dependent twogroup variables were made using the Wilcoxon test. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: 60% of the studies were cohort retrospective, 30% were cohort prospective; 40% was to present data on pre- and post-earthquake data. The studies were about the earthquakes with a magnitude of 7.90±1.41 Richter scale that occurred between 1980 and 2016. The mean incidence of infectious diseases was 15.47±22.94 before the earthquake and 1465.29±3379.69 after the earthquake. The increase in the mean incidence rates after the earthquake was significant (p<0.05). In general, in addition to respiratory system (acute respiratory tract infection, pneumonia, tuberculous diphtheria and valley fever), gastrointestinal system (acute gastroenteritis, viral hepatitis), and vector-borne infectious diseases (malaria, leishmaniasis, zika virus and Japanese-encephalitis), tetanus was among the infectious diseases with the potential to cause an epidemic after an earthquake. Based on the earthquakes that took place between 2001 and 2020, the postearthquake incidence means in the vector-borne infectious diseases subgroup categories in Asia were significantly higher than before the earthquake (p<0.05).

Conclusion: This study showed an increase in the incidence of infectious diseases after earthquakes. It would be beneficial for institutions to develop viable, effective strategies that include providing emergency health services, adequate shelter, food supply, clean drinking and utility water, and reliable health systems in the post-earthquake period

Anahtar Kelimeler

Earthquake, disaster, infection, contagious, incidence.

Proje Numarası

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Kaynakça

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