Araştırma Makalesi
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Examination of Human Figure Drawings by Gifted and Normally Developed Children at Preschool Period

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 31 - 43, 26.06.2010

H.elif Dağlıoğlu , Fatma Çalışandemir Meral Alemdar Saniye Bencik Kangal

Öz

This study was conducted to examine the drawing stages and characteristics of 4-5 year
old normally developing and gifted children. Childrens human figure drawings (HFD) were assessed
accroding to Koppitz’s HFD criteria. The study sample included a total of 60 4 and 5 year old children,
with 20 of them previously identified as gifted and the remaining 40 displaying normal development. The
results showed that gifted children, particularly girls, produced more developed and detailed drawings in
both age groups, and that all 5 year olds produced both qualitatively and quantitatively more advanced
drawings when compared to 4 year olds. Additionally, 4 year old gifted children, especially girls, had
drawing skills almost equal to those of 5 year olds.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Preschool children gifted children human figure drawings

Kaynakça

  • Bayhan, P. and Artan, . (2005). Child Development and Education [Çocuk Geli(imi ve E)itimi], Morpa YayQncQlQk, stanbul.
  • Bensur, B.J., Eliot, J., & Hedge, L. (1997). Cognitive Correlates of Complexity of Children’s Drawings. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 85, 1079-1089.
  • Case R., & Okamoto, Y. (1996). The Role of Central Conceptual Structures in The Development of Children’s Thought. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 246 (61), 1-2.
  • Cherney, I.D., Seiwert, C.S., Dickey, T.M.,Flichtbeil, J.D. (2006). Children’s Drawings: A Mirror to Their Minds.Educational Psyschology.vol:26,No:1,February.pp127-142.
  • Cox, M.V. (1985). One Object Behind Another: Young Children’s Use of Array-Specific or Viewspecific Representation. In N.H. Freeman & M.V. Cox (Eds.), Visual Order: The Nature and Development of Pictorial Representation ( pp. 188-200). Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Cox, M.V. (1992). Children’s Drawings. Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin.
  • Cox, M.V. (1993). Children’s Drawings of the Human Figure. Hove, UK: Erlbaum.
  • Da lQo lu H. E. (1995). Identify the Gifted Children trough the Grades 2-5 in the Elementary Schools”,[ lkokul 2.-5. SQnQflara Devam Eden Çocuklar ArasQndan Üstün Yetenekli OlanlarQn Belirlenmesi. YayQmlanmamQR Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sa lQk Bilimleri Enstitüsü Ankara.
  • Freeman, N.H. (1980). Strategies of Representation in Young Children: Analysis of Spatial Skills and Drawing Processes. London: Academic Press.
  • Golomb,C. (2004) The Child’s Creation of A Pictorial World. Mahwah,Nj:Lawrence Erlbaum Assosiates.
  • Hammer, E.F. (1997). Advances in Projective Drawing 6nterpretation. Springfield, IL: Thomas.
  • Harris, D. B. (1963). Children’s Drawings As Measures of 6ntellectual Maturity:Revision And Extension of The Goodenough Draw-a-Man Test. New York: Harcourt, Brace And World, Inc.
  • Hotulinen,R. ve Schofield N.,(2003). “Identified Preschool Potential Giftedness and Relation to Academic Achivement and Self-Concept at The End of Finnish Comprehensive School”. High Ability Studies vol. 14, no:1 June
  • KQrQRo lu, O.T. (2002). Education in Art [Sanatta E)itim]. Ankara, Pegem A YayQncQlQk, 2. BaskQ.
  • Knoff, H. M., & Prout, H. T. (1985). Kinetic Drawing System for Family and School: A Handbook. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services.
  • Kokot, S. (1999). “Help Our Child is Gifted” Revision Edition. Readford House Publication, Henkos Printers (Pty) Ltd. Republic of South Africa.
  • Koppitz, E. M. ( 1968). Psychogical Evaluation of Children’s Human Drawings. New York: Crune and Stratton.
  • Koppitz, E. (1984). Psychological Evaluation of Human Figure Drawings by Middle School Pupils. London: Grune &Stratton.
  • La Voy, S. K. Pederson, W. C., Reitz, J. M., Brauch, A. A., Luxenberg, T.M., & Nofisnger, C.C. (2001). Children’s Drawings: A Cross-Cultural Analysis from Japan and the United States.School Psychology 6nternational, 22, 53-63.
  • Lubin, B., Larsen, R. M., & Matarazzo, J. D. (1984). Patterns of Psychological Test Usage Patterns in the United States: 1935-1982. American Psychologist, 39, 451-454.
  • Lubin, B., Larsen, R. M., Matarazzo, J. D., & Seever, M. (1985). Psychological Test Usage Patterns n Five Professional Settings. American Psychologist, 40, 857-861.
  • Machover, K. (1949). Personality Projection in the Drawings of the Human Figure. Springfield IL: C C Thomas.
  • Maryland, S. (1972). The Educational of the Gifted and Talented. (Vol:1). Washington D.C. Gevernment Printing Office. U.S. Commissoner of Education.
  • Metin, N. (1999). Gifted and Talented Children [Üstün Yetenekli Çocuklar]. Öz ARama MatbaacQlQk San. LTD. 2ti. Ankara.
  • Morelock, M. (1992). “Giftedness: The View from Within” Understanding OurGifted 4 (3), 1, 11-15.
  • Naglieri, J.A. (1988). Draw-a- Person: A Quantitative Scoring System. New York: Psychological Corporation.
  • Numminen et al. (1996). HFD as a Represantative Medium of Perceptual Motor Development Among 3 to 5 Year old Children. Paper Presented at the Biennial Meeting of the International Society fort he Study of Behavioral Development, Agu.
  • Renzulli, J. S. (1986). The Three Ring Conception of Giftedness: A Developmental Model for Creative Productivity. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press
  • Schirrmacher, R. (1998). Arts and Creative Development for Young Children. USA, Delmar Publishers Inc.
  • Suveren, S. (2006) Identify of the Gifted Children Attending Preschool. [AnasQnQfQna Devam Eden Çocuklar ArasQndan Üstün Yetenekli AlanlarQn Belirlenmesi Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Bolu: Abant zzet Baysal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Tallandini, M. A., & Valentini, P. (1991). Symbolic Prototypes in Children’s Drawings of Schools. Journal of genetic psychology, 152, 179-190.
  • Tepecik, A. ve O uzo lu, D. (2002). “Place and Importance of Art Education in Early Childhood Education” [“Erken Çocukluk E itiminde Resim E itiminin Yeri ve Önemi”]. Erken Çocukluk Geli(imi ve E)itimi Sempozyumu Ankara, Kök Yay@nc@l@k, pp. 204-210.
  • Wales, R. (1990). Children’s Pictures. In R. Grieve & M. Hughes (Eds.), Understanding Children (pp. 140-155). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
  • Worthington J. (2001). Parents are the Best Source of Information About Their Children. University of Queensland December.
  • Yavuzer, H. (1995). Child with His/Her Drawings [Resimleriyle Çocuk], stanbul:Remzi Kitabevi, 5. BasQm.
  • Yavuzer, H. (2000). Child with His/Her Drawings [Resimleriyle Çocuk]. Remzi Kitabevi, 8. BaskQ.
  • Okul Öncesi Dönemde Üstün Yetenekli ve Normal GeliDim
  • Gösteren Çocuklar>n Fnsan Figürü Çizimleri
  • ÖZ. Bu araRtQrma, 4-5 yaR grubu normal geliRim gösteren çocuklar ile üstün yetenekli çocuklarQn çizim
  • aRamalarQnQn ve resim özelliklerinin incelenmesi amacQ ile yapQlmQRtQr. ÇocuklarQn yapmQR olduklarQ insan
  • figürü çizimleri( FÇ) Koppitz’in FÇ kriterleri dikkate alQnarak de erlendirilmiRtir. Örneklemi, 4-5 yaR
  • grubu 20’si daha önceden tanQlanmQR üstün yetenekli çocuk ile 40’Q normal geliRim özelli i gösteren
  • toplam 60 çocuk oluRturmaktadQr. AraRtQrmada her iki yaR grubunda da üstün yetenekli çocuklarQn
  • özellikle kQzlarQn erkeklere göre daha geliRmiR ve ayrQntQlQ çizimler yaptQklarQ, 5 yaRQndaki tüm çocuklarQn
  • yaRQndakilere göre çizim becerilerinde hem niteliksel hem de niceliksel geliRmeler oldu u sonucuna
  • varQlmQRtQr. Bununla birlikte 4 yaR grubundaki üstün yetenekli çocuklarQn özellikle kQzlarQn çizim
  • becerilerinin neredeyse 5 yaR düzeyinde oldu u belirlenmiRtir.
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Okul Öncesi dönem çocuklarQ, üstün yetenekli çocuklar, insan figürü çizimleri

Okul Öncesi Dönemde Üstün Yetenekli ve Normal Gelişim Gösteren Çocukların İnsan Figürü Çizimleri

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 31 - 43, 26.06.2010

H.elif Dağlıoğlu , Fatma Çalışandemir Meral Alemdar Saniye Bencik Kangal

Öz

Bu araştırma, 4-5 yaş grubu normal gelişim gösteren çocuklarla karşılaştırılmıştıraşamalarının ve resim özelliklerinin birlikte. Çocukların figürü çizimleri (FÇ) Koppitz'in FÇ kriterleri çerçevesinde yapılmıştır. Örneklemi, 4-5 yaş 20'si daha fazla tanılanmış üstün yetenekli çocuk ile 40'ı normal gelişim 60 yaşındaki çocuk. Araştırmada her iki yaşımda da üstün yetenekli yapabilir daha fazlası için tıklayınız. 4 ısıraya göre çizim becerilerinde hem güzelliksel hem de niceliksel birlikte olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. 4 tane baş grubunun üstün yetenekli kız tarafından çizilmesi becerilerinin kendini 5 yaş düzeyinde olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Okul Öncesi dönem çocukları üstün yetenekli çocuklar insan figürü çizimleri

Kaynakça

  • Bayhan, P. and Artan, . (2005). Child Development and Education [Çocuk Geli(imi ve E)itimi], Morpa YayQncQlQk, stanbul.
  • Bensur, B.J., Eliot, J., & Hedge, L. (1997). Cognitive Correlates of Complexity of Children’s Drawings. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 85, 1079-1089.
  • Case R., & Okamoto, Y. (1996). The Role of Central Conceptual Structures in The Development of Children’s Thought. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 246 (61), 1-2.
  • Cherney, I.D., Seiwert, C.S., Dickey, T.M.,Flichtbeil, J.D. (2006). Children’s Drawings: A Mirror to Their Minds.Educational Psyschology.vol:26,No:1,February.pp127-142.
  • Cox, M.V. (1985). One Object Behind Another: Young Children’s Use of Array-Specific or Viewspecific Representation. In N.H. Freeman & M.V. Cox (Eds.), Visual Order: The Nature and Development of Pictorial Representation ( pp. 188-200). Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Cox, M.V. (1992). Children’s Drawings. Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin.
  • Cox, M.V. (1993). Children’s Drawings of the Human Figure. Hove, UK: Erlbaum.
  • Da lQo lu H. E. (1995). Identify the Gifted Children trough the Grades 2-5 in the Elementary Schools”,[ lkokul 2.-5. SQnQflara Devam Eden Çocuklar ArasQndan Üstün Yetenekli OlanlarQn Belirlenmesi. YayQmlanmamQR Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sa lQk Bilimleri Enstitüsü Ankara.
  • Freeman, N.H. (1980). Strategies of Representation in Young Children: Analysis of Spatial Skills and Drawing Processes. London: Academic Press.
  • Golomb,C. (2004) The Child’s Creation of A Pictorial World. Mahwah,Nj:Lawrence Erlbaum Assosiates.
  • Hammer, E.F. (1997). Advances in Projective Drawing 6nterpretation. Springfield, IL: Thomas.
  • Harris, D. B. (1963). Children’s Drawings As Measures of 6ntellectual Maturity:Revision And Extension of The Goodenough Draw-a-Man Test. New York: Harcourt, Brace And World, Inc.
  • Hotulinen,R. ve Schofield N.,(2003). “Identified Preschool Potential Giftedness and Relation to Academic Achivement and Self-Concept at The End of Finnish Comprehensive School”. High Ability Studies vol. 14, no:1 June
  • KQrQRo lu, O.T. (2002). Education in Art [Sanatta E)itim]. Ankara, Pegem A YayQncQlQk, 2. BaskQ.
  • Knoff, H. M., & Prout, H. T. (1985). Kinetic Drawing System for Family and School: A Handbook. Los Angeles: Western Psychological Services.
  • Kokot, S. (1999). “Help Our Child is Gifted” Revision Edition. Readford House Publication, Henkos Printers (Pty) Ltd. Republic of South Africa.
  • Koppitz, E. M. ( 1968). Psychogical Evaluation of Children’s Human Drawings. New York: Crune and Stratton.
  • Koppitz, E. (1984). Psychological Evaluation of Human Figure Drawings by Middle School Pupils. London: Grune &Stratton.
  • La Voy, S. K. Pederson, W. C., Reitz, J. M., Brauch, A. A., Luxenberg, T.M., & Nofisnger, C.C. (2001). Children’s Drawings: A Cross-Cultural Analysis from Japan and the United States.School Psychology 6nternational, 22, 53-63.
  • Lubin, B., Larsen, R. M., & Matarazzo, J. D. (1984). Patterns of Psychological Test Usage Patterns in the United States: 1935-1982. American Psychologist, 39, 451-454.
  • Lubin, B., Larsen, R. M., Matarazzo, J. D., & Seever, M. (1985). Psychological Test Usage Patterns n Five Professional Settings. American Psychologist, 40, 857-861.
  • Machover, K. (1949). Personality Projection in the Drawings of the Human Figure. Springfield IL: C C Thomas.
  • Maryland, S. (1972). The Educational of the Gifted and Talented. (Vol:1). Washington D.C. Gevernment Printing Office. U.S. Commissoner of Education.
  • Metin, N. (1999). Gifted and Talented Children [Üstün Yetenekli Çocuklar]. Öz ARama MatbaacQlQk San. LTD. 2ti. Ankara.
  • Morelock, M. (1992). “Giftedness: The View from Within” Understanding OurGifted 4 (3), 1, 11-15.
  • Naglieri, J.A. (1988). Draw-a- Person: A Quantitative Scoring System. New York: Psychological Corporation.
  • Numminen et al. (1996). HFD as a Represantative Medium of Perceptual Motor Development Among 3 to 5 Year old Children. Paper Presented at the Biennial Meeting of the International Society fort he Study of Behavioral Development, Agu.
  • Renzulli, J. S. (1986). The Three Ring Conception of Giftedness: A Developmental Model for Creative Productivity. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press
  • Schirrmacher, R. (1998). Arts and Creative Development for Young Children. USA, Delmar Publishers Inc.
  • Suveren, S. (2006) Identify of the Gifted Children Attending Preschool. [AnasQnQfQna Devam Eden Çocuklar ArasQndan Üstün Yetenekli AlanlarQn Belirlenmesi Yüksek Lisans Tezi]. Bolu: Abant zzet Baysal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü.
  • Tallandini, M. A., & Valentini, P. (1991). Symbolic Prototypes in Children’s Drawings of Schools. Journal of genetic psychology, 152, 179-190.
  • Tepecik, A. ve O uzo lu, D. (2002). “Place and Importance of Art Education in Early Childhood Education” [“Erken Çocukluk E itiminde Resim E itiminin Yeri ve Önemi”]. Erken Çocukluk Geli(imi ve E)itimi Sempozyumu Ankara, Kök Yay@nc@l@k, pp. 204-210.
  • Wales, R. (1990). Children’s Pictures. In R. Grieve & M. Hughes (Eds.), Understanding Children (pp. 140-155). Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
  • Worthington J. (2001). Parents are the Best Source of Information About Their Children. University of Queensland December.
  • Yavuzer, H. (1995). Child with His/Her Drawings [Resimleriyle Çocuk], stanbul:Remzi Kitabevi, 5. BasQm.
  • Yavuzer, H. (2000). Child with His/Her Drawings [Resimleriyle Çocuk]. Remzi Kitabevi, 8. BaskQ.
  • Okul Öncesi Dönemde Üstün Yetenekli ve Normal GeliDim
  • Gösteren Çocuklar>n Fnsan Figürü Çizimleri
  • ÖZ. Bu araRtQrma, 4-5 yaR grubu normal geliRim gösteren çocuklar ile üstün yetenekli çocuklarQn çizim
  • aRamalarQnQn ve resim özelliklerinin incelenmesi amacQ ile yapQlmQRtQr. ÇocuklarQn yapmQR olduklarQ insan
  • figürü çizimleri( FÇ) Koppitz’in FÇ kriterleri dikkate alQnarak de erlendirilmiRtir. Örneklemi, 4-5 yaR
  • grubu 20’si daha önceden tanQlanmQR üstün yetenekli çocuk ile 40’Q normal geliRim özelli i gösteren
  • toplam 60 çocuk oluRturmaktadQr. AraRtQrmada her iki yaR grubunda da üstün yetenekli çocuklarQn
  • özellikle kQzlarQn erkeklere göre daha geliRmiR ve ayrQntQlQ çizimler yaptQklarQ, 5 yaRQndaki tüm çocuklarQn
  • yaRQndakilere göre çizim becerilerinde hem niteliksel hem de niceliksel geliRmeler oldu u sonucuna
  • varQlmQRtQr. Bununla birlikte 4 yaR grubundaki üstün yetenekli çocuklarQn özellikle kQzlarQn çizim
  • becerilerinin neredeyse 5 yaR düzeyinde oldu u belirlenmiRtir.
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Okul Öncesi dönem çocuklarQ, üstün yetenekli çocuklar, insan figürü çizimleri
Toplam 48 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

H.elif Dağlıoğlu

Fatma Çalışandemir Bu kişi benim

Meral Alemdar Bu kişi benim

Saniye Bencik Kangal

Yayımlanma Tarihi 26 Haziran 2010
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2010 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Dağlıoğlu, H., Çalışandemir, F., Alemdar, M., Kangal, S. B. (2010). Examination of Human Figure Drawings by Gifted and Normally Developed Children at Preschool Period. İlköğretim Online, 9(1), 31-43.
AMA Dağlıoğlu H, Çalışandemir F, Alemdar M, Kangal SB. Examination of Human Figure Drawings by Gifted and Normally Developed Children at Preschool Period. İOO. Mart 2010;9(1):31-43.
Chicago Dağlıoğlu, H.elif, Fatma Çalışandemir, Meral Alemdar, ve Saniye Bencik Kangal. “Examination of Human Figure Drawings by Gifted and Normally Developed Children at Preschool Period”. İlköğretim Online 9, sy. 1 (Mart 2010): 31-43.
EndNote Dağlıoğlu H, Çalışandemir F, Alemdar M, Kangal SB (01 Mart 2010) Examination of Human Figure Drawings by Gifted and Normally Developed Children at Preschool Period. İlköğretim Online 9 1 31–43.
IEEE H. Dağlıoğlu, F. Çalışandemir, M. Alemdar, ve S. B. Kangal, “Examination of Human Figure Drawings by Gifted and Normally Developed Children at Preschool Period”, İOO, c. 9, sy. 1, ss. 31–43, 2010.
ISNAD Dağlıoğlu, H.elif vd. “Examination of Human Figure Drawings by Gifted and Normally Developed Children at Preschool Period”. İlköğretim Online 9/1 (Mart 2010), 31-43.
JAMA Dağlıoğlu H, Çalışandemir F, Alemdar M, Kangal SB. Examination of Human Figure Drawings by Gifted and Normally Developed Children at Preschool Period. İOO. 2010;9:31–43.
MLA Dağlıoğlu, H.elif vd. “Examination of Human Figure Drawings by Gifted and Normally Developed Children at Preschool Period”. İlköğretim Online, c. 9, sy. 1, 2010, ss. 31-43.
Vancouver Dağlıoğlu H, Çalışandemir F, Alemdar M, Kangal SB. Examination of Human Figure Drawings by Gifted and Normally Developed Children at Preschool Period. İOO. 2010;9(1):31-43.