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From Pandemic to Metaverse: The Rise and Risks of Data-Driven Society

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 36, 11 - 23, 01.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.29224/insanveinsan.1283746

Öz

Recent advances in technology are changing the way we interact with the physical world, and digital transformation is accelerating this process even further. The recent COVID-19 pandemic has also taken digitalization one step further by enabling convergence of the physical and digital, promoting the centralization of data. The Metaverse, as the current ultimate state of digital transformation, has emerged with the mission of bringing on the digital experience of time and space in a way closer to the physical world by eliminating the contradictions between the virtual and physical worlds. Furthermore, at the center of this new universe of reality underlies a data-driven approach that allows user behavior become knowable, predictable, and even controllable, bringing the daily life experience down to procedures and calculations. In this regard, this study argues that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the rise of digitalization and data-centricity as a mindset that paved the way for the Metaverse, and that the data-centric understanding of the Metaverse will deepen ethical issues such as privacy, surveillance and control.

Kaynakça

  • Acquisti, A., ve Grossklags, J. (2005). Privacy and rationality in individual decision making. IEEE Security & Privacy, 3(1), 26–33. https://doi.org/10.1109/MSP. 2005.22
  • Acquisti, A., Brandimarte, L., ve Loewenstein, G. (2015). Privacy and human behavior in the age of information. Science, 347(6221), 509-514. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa1465
  • Al-Khatib, T. (2023). Netiquette rules in online learning through the lens ofdigital citizenship scale in the post-corona era. Journal of Information Communication and Ethics in Society, 21(2), 181-201. https://doi.org/10. 1108/JICES-08-2021-0089
  • Baudrillard, J. (2006). Kusursuz cinayet. N. K. Sevil (Çev.). Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Bibri, S. E., ve Allam, Z. (2022). The Metaverse as a virtual form of data-driven smart cities: The ethics of the hyper-connectivity, datafication, algorithmization, and platformization of urban society. Computional Urban Science, 2(22). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-022-00050-1
  • Bibri, S. E., Allam, Z., ve Krogstie, J. (2022). The Metaverse as a virtual form of data-driven smart urbanism: Platformization a and its underlying processes, institutional dimensions, a and disruptive impacts. Computional Urban Science, 2(24). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-022-00051-0
  • Bosworth, A., ve Clegg, N. (2021, 7 September). Building the Metaverse responsibly. Economist Impact. https://about.fb.com/news/2021/09/building-the-metaverse-responsibly/
  • Canbay, Y., Utku A., ve Canbay, P. (2022, 19-20 Ekim). Privacy concerns and measures in Metaverse: A review [Konferans sunumu]. 15th International Conference on Information Security and Cryptography, Ankara, Türkiye. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9931866
  • Coeckelbergh, M. (2020). The postdigital in pandemic times: A comment on the Covid-19 crisis and its political epistemologies. Postdigital Science and Education, 2, 547–550. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-020-00119-2
  • Cukier, K. N., ve Mayer-Schöenberger, V. (2013). Big data: A revolution that will transform how we live, work, and think. Haughton Miffin Harcourt.
  • Demircioğlu, Z. (2021). Akışkan dünyada pandemi. Spektrum, 4, 111-114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-020-00119-2
  • Demircioğlu, Z. (2023, 1-3 Şubat). Gözetimin dijitalleşmesi: Pandemi sürecinde yeni gözetim biçimleri [Konferans sunumu]. 17. Türk Sosyal Bilimler Kongresi, Ankara, Türkiye. http://tsbd.org.tr/?p=1312
  • Di Pietro, R., ve Cresci, S. (2021, 13-15 December). Metaverse: Security and privacy issues [Conference presentation]. Third IEEE InternationalConference on Trust, Privacy and Security in Intelligent Systems and Applications, Virtual Conference.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=9750221
  • Feenberg, A. (2019). Postdigital or predigital?. Postdigital Science and Education, 1, 8–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-018-0027-2
  • Floridi, L. (2015). The onlife manifesto: being human in a hyperconnected era. Springer Nature.
  • Floridi, L. (2017). Yaşamiçi manifestosu: Hiperbağlı bir çağda insan olmak. V. Kamer (Çev.), Kutadgubilig Felsefe-Bilim Araştırmaları, 35, 203-211.
  • Floridi, L. (2022). Metaverse: A matter of experience. Philosophy ve Technology, 35(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-022-00568-6
  • Ganaele, L., ve Elmer, G. (2013). The research politics of social media platforms. Culture Machine, 14.
  • Kitchin, R. (2020). Civil liberties or public health, or civil liberties and public health? Using surveillance technologies to tackle the spread of Covid-19. Space and Polity, 24(3), 362–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562576.2020.1770587
  • Laney, D. (2001). 3D data management: controlling data volume, velocity and variety. META Group Research Note, 6(70), 1-4.
  • Lee, L.H., Braud, T., Zhou, P., Wang, L., Xu, D., Lin, Z., Kumar, A., Bermejo C., ve Hui P. (2021). All one needs to know about Metaverse: Acomplete survey on technological singularity, virtual ecosystem, and research agenda. arXiv preprint. Erişim Haziran 20, 2023, https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.05352
  • Li, V., Ma, L., ve Wu, X. (2022). COVID-19, Policy change, and post pandemic datagovernance: A case analysis of contact tracing applications in east asia. Policy and Society, 41(1), 129-142. https://doi.org/10.1093/polsoc/puab019
  • Mañero, J. (2020). Postdigital brave new world and its educational implications. Postdigital Science Education, 2, 670–674. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-020-00129-0
  • Mills, K. (2018). What are the threats and potentials of big data for qualitative research?. Qualitative Research, 18(6), 591-603. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794117743465
  • Mystakidis, S. (2022). Metaverse. Encyclopedia, 2(1), 486-497. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2010031
  • Nabity-Grover, T., Cheung, C. M. K., ve Thatcher, J. B. (2020). Inside out and outside in: How the COVID-19 pandemic affects self-disclosure on social media. International Journal of Information Management, 55, 102188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102188
  • Nair, V., Garrido G. M., ve Song, D. (2022). Exploring the unprecedented privacy risks of the Metaverse. arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.13176.
  • Nissenbaum, H. (2009). Privacy in context-technology, policy, and the integrity of social life. Stanford University Press.
  • Norberg, P. A., Horne, D. R., ve Horne, D. A. (2007). The privacy paradox: Personal information disclosure intentions versus behaviors. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 41(1), 100-126. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2006.00070.x
  • O’Brolcháin, F., Jacquemard, T., Monaghan, D., O’Connor, N., Novitzky, P., ve Gordijn, B. (2016). The convergence of virtual reality and social networks: Threats to privacy and autonomy. Science and Engineering Ethics, 22, 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-014-9621-1
  • O’Neil, C., ve Schutt, R. (2013). Doing data science: straight talk from the frontline. O’Reilly Media Inc.
  • Park, S. M., ve Kim, Y, G. (2022). A Metaverse: Taxonomy, components, applications, and open challenges. IEEE access, 10, 4209-4251. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3140175.
  • Poell, T., Nieborg D., ve van Dijck, J. (2019). Platformisation. Internet PolicyReview, 8(4), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.14763/2019.4.1425
  • Radoff, J. (2021, 7 April). The Metaverse value-chain. Medium. https://medium.com/building-the-metaverse/the-metaverse-value-chain-afcf9e09e3a7
  • Rosenberg, J. M. (1969). The Death of Privacy. Random House.
  • Sadowski, J. (2020, 13 April). The authoritarian trade-off: Exchanging privacy rights for public health is a false compromise. Real Life Magazine. https://reallifemag.com/the-authoritarian-trade-off/
  • The Economist (2017, 6 May). The world’s most valuable resource is no longer oil, but data. https://l24.im/hVcxM
  • van Dijck, J. (2014). Datafication, dataism and dataveillance: Big Data between scientific paradigm and ideology. Surveillance & Society, 12(2), 197-208. https://doi.org/10.24908/ss.v12i2.4776
  • Vincent, D. (2016). Mahremiyet: kısa bir tarih. D. C. Başaraner (Çev.). Epos Yayınları.
  • Waldman, A. E. (2020). Cognitive biases, dark patterns, and the privacy paradox. Current Issues in Psychology, 31, 101-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.08.025
  • Wang, Y., Su, Z., Zhang, N., Xing, R., Liu, D., Luan, T. H., ve Shen, X. (2022). A survey on Metaverse: Fundamentals, security, and privacy. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 25(1), 319-352. https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2022.3202047
  • Yıldırım, F. E. (2021). İletişim çalışmaları ve psikoloji birlikteliğinin önemi: COVID-19 pandemisi bağlamında disiplinler arası bir analiz. Türkiye İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 38, 155-173. https://doi.org/10.17829/turcom.862297
  • Zuboff, S. (2015). Big other: surveillance capitalism and the prospects of an information civilization. Journal of information technology, 30(1), 75-89. https://doi.org/10.1057/jit.2015.

Pandemiden Metaverse’e: Veri Odaklı Toplumun Yükselişi ve Riskleri

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 36, 11 - 23, 01.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.29224/insanveinsan.1283746

Öz

Teknolojideki son gelişmeler fiziksel dünyayla etkileşimimizi değiştirmekte, dijital dönüşüm bu süreci daha da hızlandırmaktadır. Yakın dönemde yaşanan COVID-19 pandemisi de fiziksel ve dijital dünyanın yakınsamasına vesile olarak dijitalleşmeyi bir adım öteye taşımış, verinin merkezi hale gelmesini mümkün kılmıştır. Dijital dönüşümün mevcut nihai aşaması olarak Metaverse ise, sanal dünya ile fiziksel dünya arasındaki karşıtlığı ortadan kaldırarak dijital zaman ve mekân deneyimini fiziksel olana yaklaştırma misyonuyla ortaya çıkmıştır. Öte yandan bu yeni gerçeklik evreninin merkezinde kullanıcıların davranışlarını bilinebilir, öngörülebilir ve hatta kontrol edilebilir kılan, günlük yaşam deneyimini prosedürlere ve hesaplamalara indirgeyen veri odaklı bir anlayış bulunmaktadır. Bu çerçevede, bu çalışma Metaverse’e giden yolu açan dijitalleşmenin ve zihniyet olarak veri odaklılığın yükselişinde COVID-19 pandemisinin önemli bir etkisi olduğunu, Metaverse’ün veri odaklı anlayışının mahremiyet, gözetim ve kontrol gibi etik sorunları derinleştireceğini ileri sürmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Acquisti, A., ve Grossklags, J. (2005). Privacy and rationality in individual decision making. IEEE Security & Privacy, 3(1), 26–33. https://doi.org/10.1109/MSP. 2005.22
  • Acquisti, A., Brandimarte, L., ve Loewenstein, G. (2015). Privacy and human behavior in the age of information. Science, 347(6221), 509-514. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa1465
  • Al-Khatib, T. (2023). Netiquette rules in online learning through the lens ofdigital citizenship scale in the post-corona era. Journal of Information Communication and Ethics in Society, 21(2), 181-201. https://doi.org/10. 1108/JICES-08-2021-0089
  • Baudrillard, J. (2006). Kusursuz cinayet. N. K. Sevil (Çev.). Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Bibri, S. E., ve Allam, Z. (2022). The Metaverse as a virtual form of data-driven smart cities: The ethics of the hyper-connectivity, datafication, algorithmization, and platformization of urban society. Computional Urban Science, 2(22). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-022-00050-1
  • Bibri, S. E., Allam, Z., ve Krogstie, J. (2022). The Metaverse as a virtual form of data-driven smart urbanism: Platformization a and its underlying processes, institutional dimensions, a and disruptive impacts. Computional Urban Science, 2(24). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-022-00051-0
  • Bosworth, A., ve Clegg, N. (2021, 7 September). Building the Metaverse responsibly. Economist Impact. https://about.fb.com/news/2021/09/building-the-metaverse-responsibly/
  • Canbay, Y., Utku A., ve Canbay, P. (2022, 19-20 Ekim). Privacy concerns and measures in Metaverse: A review [Konferans sunumu]. 15th International Conference on Information Security and Cryptography, Ankara, Türkiye. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9931866
  • Coeckelbergh, M. (2020). The postdigital in pandemic times: A comment on the Covid-19 crisis and its political epistemologies. Postdigital Science and Education, 2, 547–550. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-020-00119-2
  • Cukier, K. N., ve Mayer-Schöenberger, V. (2013). Big data: A revolution that will transform how we live, work, and think. Haughton Miffin Harcourt.
  • Demircioğlu, Z. (2021). Akışkan dünyada pandemi. Spektrum, 4, 111-114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-020-00119-2
  • Demircioğlu, Z. (2023, 1-3 Şubat). Gözetimin dijitalleşmesi: Pandemi sürecinde yeni gözetim biçimleri [Konferans sunumu]. 17. Türk Sosyal Bilimler Kongresi, Ankara, Türkiye. http://tsbd.org.tr/?p=1312
  • Di Pietro, R., ve Cresci, S. (2021, 13-15 December). Metaverse: Security and privacy issues [Conference presentation]. Third IEEE InternationalConference on Trust, Privacy and Security in Intelligent Systems and Applications, Virtual Conference.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=9750221
  • Feenberg, A. (2019). Postdigital or predigital?. Postdigital Science and Education, 1, 8–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-018-0027-2
  • Floridi, L. (2015). The onlife manifesto: being human in a hyperconnected era. Springer Nature.
  • Floridi, L. (2017). Yaşamiçi manifestosu: Hiperbağlı bir çağda insan olmak. V. Kamer (Çev.), Kutadgubilig Felsefe-Bilim Araştırmaları, 35, 203-211.
  • Floridi, L. (2022). Metaverse: A matter of experience. Philosophy ve Technology, 35(3). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-022-00568-6
  • Ganaele, L., ve Elmer, G. (2013). The research politics of social media platforms. Culture Machine, 14.
  • Kitchin, R. (2020). Civil liberties or public health, or civil liberties and public health? Using surveillance technologies to tackle the spread of Covid-19. Space and Polity, 24(3), 362–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562576.2020.1770587
  • Laney, D. (2001). 3D data management: controlling data volume, velocity and variety. META Group Research Note, 6(70), 1-4.
  • Lee, L.H., Braud, T., Zhou, P., Wang, L., Xu, D., Lin, Z., Kumar, A., Bermejo C., ve Hui P. (2021). All one needs to know about Metaverse: Acomplete survey on technological singularity, virtual ecosystem, and research agenda. arXiv preprint. Erişim Haziran 20, 2023, https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.05352
  • Li, V., Ma, L., ve Wu, X. (2022). COVID-19, Policy change, and post pandemic datagovernance: A case analysis of contact tracing applications in east asia. Policy and Society, 41(1), 129-142. https://doi.org/10.1093/polsoc/puab019
  • Mañero, J. (2020). Postdigital brave new world and its educational implications. Postdigital Science Education, 2, 670–674. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-020-00129-0
  • Mills, K. (2018). What are the threats and potentials of big data for qualitative research?. Qualitative Research, 18(6), 591-603. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794117743465
  • Mystakidis, S. (2022). Metaverse. Encyclopedia, 2(1), 486-497. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2010031
  • Nabity-Grover, T., Cheung, C. M. K., ve Thatcher, J. B. (2020). Inside out and outside in: How the COVID-19 pandemic affects self-disclosure on social media. International Journal of Information Management, 55, 102188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102188
  • Nair, V., Garrido G. M., ve Song, D. (2022). Exploring the unprecedented privacy risks of the Metaverse. arXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.13176.
  • Nissenbaum, H. (2009). Privacy in context-technology, policy, and the integrity of social life. Stanford University Press.
  • Norberg, P. A., Horne, D. R., ve Horne, D. A. (2007). The privacy paradox: Personal information disclosure intentions versus behaviors. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 41(1), 100-126. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2006.00070.x
  • O’Brolcháin, F., Jacquemard, T., Monaghan, D., O’Connor, N., Novitzky, P., ve Gordijn, B. (2016). The convergence of virtual reality and social networks: Threats to privacy and autonomy. Science and Engineering Ethics, 22, 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11948-014-9621-1
  • O’Neil, C., ve Schutt, R. (2013). Doing data science: straight talk from the frontline. O’Reilly Media Inc.
  • Park, S. M., ve Kim, Y, G. (2022). A Metaverse: Taxonomy, components, applications, and open challenges. IEEE access, 10, 4209-4251. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3140175.
  • Poell, T., Nieborg D., ve van Dijck, J. (2019). Platformisation. Internet PolicyReview, 8(4), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.14763/2019.4.1425
  • Radoff, J. (2021, 7 April). The Metaverse value-chain. Medium. https://medium.com/building-the-metaverse/the-metaverse-value-chain-afcf9e09e3a7
  • Rosenberg, J. M. (1969). The Death of Privacy. Random House.
  • Sadowski, J. (2020, 13 April). The authoritarian trade-off: Exchanging privacy rights for public health is a false compromise. Real Life Magazine. https://reallifemag.com/the-authoritarian-trade-off/
  • The Economist (2017, 6 May). The world’s most valuable resource is no longer oil, but data. https://l24.im/hVcxM
  • van Dijck, J. (2014). Datafication, dataism and dataveillance: Big Data between scientific paradigm and ideology. Surveillance & Society, 12(2), 197-208. https://doi.org/10.24908/ss.v12i2.4776
  • Vincent, D. (2016). Mahremiyet: kısa bir tarih. D. C. Başaraner (Çev.). Epos Yayınları.
  • Waldman, A. E. (2020). Cognitive biases, dark patterns, and the privacy paradox. Current Issues in Psychology, 31, 101-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.08.025
  • Wang, Y., Su, Z., Zhang, N., Xing, R., Liu, D., Luan, T. H., ve Shen, X. (2022). A survey on Metaverse: Fundamentals, security, and privacy. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 25(1), 319-352. https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2022.3202047
  • Yıldırım, F. E. (2021). İletişim çalışmaları ve psikoloji birlikteliğinin önemi: COVID-19 pandemisi bağlamında disiplinler arası bir analiz. Türkiye İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 38, 155-173. https://doi.org/10.17829/turcom.862297
  • Zuboff, S. (2015). Big other: surveillance capitalism and the prospects of an information civilization. Journal of information technology, 30(1), 75-89. https://doi.org/10.1057/jit.2015.
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Yapay Zeka (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Zübeyde Demircioğlu 0000-0002-8749-006X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Temmuz 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 36

Kaynak Göster

APA Demircioğlu, Z. (2023). Pandemiden Metaverse’e: Veri Odaklı Toplumun Yükselişi ve Riskleri. İnsan Ve İnsan, 10(36), 11-23. https://doi.org/10.29224/insanveinsan.1283746
AMA Demircioğlu Z. Pandemiden Metaverse’e: Veri Odaklı Toplumun Yükselişi ve Riskleri. İnsan ve İnsan Dergisi. Temmuz 2023;10(36):11-23. doi:10.29224/insanveinsan.1283746
Chicago Demircioğlu, Zübeyde. “Pandemiden Metaverse’e: Veri Odaklı Toplumun Yükselişi Ve Riskleri”. İnsan Ve İnsan 10, sy. 36 (Temmuz 2023): 11-23. https://doi.org/10.29224/insanveinsan.1283746.
EndNote Demircioğlu Z (01 Temmuz 2023) Pandemiden Metaverse’e: Veri Odaklı Toplumun Yükselişi ve Riskleri. İnsan ve İnsan 10 36 11–23.
IEEE Z. Demircioğlu, “Pandemiden Metaverse’e: Veri Odaklı Toplumun Yükselişi ve Riskleri”, İnsan ve İnsan Dergisi, c. 10, sy. 36, ss. 11–23, 2023, doi: 10.29224/insanveinsan.1283746.
ISNAD Demircioğlu, Zübeyde. “Pandemiden Metaverse’e: Veri Odaklı Toplumun Yükselişi Ve Riskleri”. İnsan ve İnsan 10/36 (Temmuz 2023), 11-23. https://doi.org/10.29224/insanveinsan.1283746.
JAMA Demircioğlu Z. Pandemiden Metaverse’e: Veri Odaklı Toplumun Yükselişi ve Riskleri. İnsan ve İnsan Dergisi. 2023;10:11–23.
MLA Demircioğlu, Zübeyde. “Pandemiden Metaverse’e: Veri Odaklı Toplumun Yükselişi Ve Riskleri”. İnsan Ve İnsan, c. 10, sy. 36, 2023, ss. 11-23, doi:10.29224/insanveinsan.1283746.
Vancouver Demircioğlu Z. Pandemiden Metaverse’e: Veri Odaklı Toplumun Yükselişi ve Riskleri. İnsan ve İnsan Dergisi. 2023;10(36):11-23.