Investigation of Gifted Students’ Problem Posing Abilities Requiring Arithmetical Operations with Natural Numbers

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 3, 531 - 546, 30.12.2018

Fatma Erdoğan , Tuba Erben

https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.486674

Cited By: 2

Öz

This study aimed to investigate gifted
students’ problem posing abilities requiring arithmetical operations with
natural numbers. In the present
study, the descriptive research model has been used which is one of the
quantitative research methods. The research sample was composed of 25
fourth grade primary school students. All of the students were studying in
science and arts center located in a province in the Eastern Anatolia region of
Turkey. In the study, Problem Posing Form, consisting of six items for arithmetical operations with natural numbers
was used as data collection tool. The problems posed were analyzed according to
the semantic structures. According to the findings, it was determined
that gifted students posed problems using different semantic structures that
requiring arithmetical operations with natural numbers. However, it was
determined that some semantic structures were used more frequently in problems.
Accordingly to this, it has emerged as most frequently used semantic structures
in problems, join for addition, separation for subtraction, repeated addition
for multiply and sharing for division operations. Also, it was determined that
some gifted students experienced problems such as using different arithmetical
operation, writing the exercises, not responding, and making logical mistakes.
In the light of findings, it has recommended that problem posing activities
involving different semantic structures should be included in differentiated
mathematics curriculum to be developed for gifted students. It is suggested to
investigate gifted students’ problem posing abilities in the context of
creativity in later studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gifted students, mathematically giftedness, problem posing, mathematics education.

Özel Yetenekli Öğrencilerin Doğal Sayılarla Dört İşlem Gerektiren Problem Kurma Becerilerinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu araştırmada özel yetenekli öğrencilerin doğal sayılarla dört işlem gerektiren problem kurma becerilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden betimsel araştırma modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Türkiye’nin Doğu Anadolu Bölgesindeki bir ilde bulunan, bilim ve sanat merkezinde öğrenim görmekte olan 25 ilkokul dördüncü sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak, doğal sayılarla dört işleme yönelik altı maddeden oluşan Problem Kurma Formu kullanılmıştır. Öğrencilerin kurdukları problemler, anlamsal yapılarına göre analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, özel yetenekli öğrencilerin doğal sayılarla dört işlem gerektiren farklı anlamsal yapılara sahip problemler kurdukları görülmüştür. Ancak, doğal sayılarla dört işlem türüne göre problemlerde bazı anlamsal yapıların daha sık kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Buna göre, özel yetenekli öğrencilerin kurdukları problemlerde, toplamanın birleştirme, çıkarmanın ayırma, çarpmanın tekrarlı toplama, bölmenin ise paylaşma anlamının en sık kullanılan anlamsal yapılar olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca, bazı öğrencilerin problem kurma durumlarında istenilen dört işlemin dışında diğer işlemlere yönelik problem kurma, alıştırma yazma, yanıt verememe, mantık hataları yapma gibi sorunlar yaşadıkları belirlenmiştir. Araştırma bulguları ışığında, özel yetenekli öğrenciler için geliştirilecek farklılaştırılmış matematik dersi öğretim programlarında farklı anlamsal yapılar içeren problem kurma etkinliklerine yer verilmesi önerilmektedir. Daha sonra yapılacak araştırmalarda özel yetenekli öğrencilerin problem kurma becerilerinin yaratıcılık bağlamında incelenmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

problem kurma, matematik eğitimi, Özel yetenekli öğrenciler, matematiksel özel yeteneklilik, matematik eğitimi

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