Mediation of Peer Relationships between Personality and Separation-Individualization

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4, 2642 - 2671, 31.12.2019

İlhan Çiçek , Ayşe Esra Aslan

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.585755

Cited By: 6

Öz

The aim of this study is to determine the
mediating effect of peer relationships on the relationship between personality
traits and separation-individualization of adolescents attending 11^th and
12^th grade in high school. The study group consists of 557 students
attending 11^th and 12^th grade in high school, in the city
center of Batman. Data of the study were analyzed via the LISREL and SPSS 22
programs. Initially, confirmatory factor analyses and goodness of fit values of
the scales used in the study were examined. According to the analysis results,
it was revealed that confirmatory factor values of all the scales were significant
at the level of (p<.01). Also, goodness of fit values of the scales were
established to have sufficient fit values for the study. As a result of the
analyses, it was found that peer relationships had a negative mediation between
personality traits and separation-individualization of high school students.
According to the results acquired, it was determined that as separation-individualization
levels of high school students increased, the peer
relationships decreased.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Personality, Separation, Individualization, Peer Relationships, High School Students

Kişilik ile Ayrışma Bireyleşme Arasında Akran İlişkilerinin Aracılığı

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı
lise 11. ve 12. Sınıfa giden ergenlerin kişilik özellikleri ile ayrışma
bireyleşme arasındaki ilişkide akran ilişkilerinin aracı etkisini
belirlemektir. Çalışma grubunu Batman il merkezinde lise 11.ve 12 sınıfa giden
557 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmanın verileri LİSREL ve SPSS 22
programlarıyla analiz edilmiştir. İlk olarak çalışmada kullanılan ölçeklerin
doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri ve uyum iyiliği değerlerine bakıldı. Analiz
sonucuna göre bütün ölçeklerin doğrulayıcı faktör değerlerinin (p<.01) düzeyinde
anlamlı olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Ölçeklerin uyum iyiliği değerleri ise çalışma
için yeterli uyum değerlerine sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda
lise öğrencilerinin kişilik özellikleri ile ayrışma bireyleşme arasındaki
ilişkide akran ilişkilerinin negatif yönde aracılık ettiği ortaya çıkmıştır.
Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, lise öğrencilerinin ayrışma bireyleşme düzeyleri
yükseldikçe, akran ilişkilerinin düşüş gösterdiği saptanmıştır.                                                                               

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kişilik, Ayrışma, Bireyleşme, Akran İlişkileri, Lise Öğrencileri

Kaynakça

• American Psychological Association. (2018). Personality. Erişim tarihi 4 Mart 2018, http://www.apa.org/topics/personality/
• Armsden, G. C., & Greenberg, M.T. (1987). The inventory of parent peer attachment: individual diffrences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16, 427-454.
• Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55(5), 469-480.
• Aslan, S. (2008). Bağlanma ve uyum arasındaki ilişkide ayrışma bireyleşmenin aracılığı. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi), Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara.
• Atkinson, R.L., Atkinson, R.C., Smith, E.E., Bem, D. J., & Hoeksema, S. (1999). Psikolojiye giriş. (A. Yavuz, Çev.). İstanbul: Arkadaş Yayınları.
• Aquilino, W. S. (1997). From adolescent to young adult: A prospective study of parent–child reletions during the transition to adulthood.Journal of Marriage and the Family, 59, 670-686.
• Bayram, N. (2013). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş AMOS uygulamaları. İstanbul: Ezgi Kitabevi.
• Benet-Martinez, V. B., & John, O. P. (1998). Los Cinco Grandes across cultures and ethnic groups: Multitrait multimethod analyses of the Big Five in Spanish and English. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75(3), 729-750.
• Blos, P. (1967). The second individuation process of adolescence. Psychoanalytic Study of Child, 22, 162-186.
• Blos, P. (1979). The adolescent passage. New York: International Universities Press.
• Buhrmester, D. (1990). Intimacy of friendship, interpersonal competence, and adjustment during preadolescence and adolescence. Childe Development, 61, 1101-1111.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş., Demirel, F., Erkan-Çakmak, Ö., Kılıç-Çakmak, E., & Karadeniz, Ş. (2014). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çokluk-Bökeoğlu, Ö., & Şekercioğlu, G. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. (2. Baskı). Ankara: Pegem Yayınları.
• Byrne, B. M. (2016). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. New York: Routledge.
• Christenson, R. M., & Wilson, W. P. (1985). Assessing pathology in the separation-ındividuation process by an ınventory. a preliminary report. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease.173 (9), 561-572.
• Crespi, T.D.,& Sabatelli, R.M. (1993). Adolescent runaways and family strife: A conflict-induced differentiation framework. Adolescence, 28, 867-878.
• Çelik, H. E., & Yılmaz, V. (2016). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi temel-kavramlar-programlama. (3. Baskı). Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
• Downing, H. M., & Nauta, M. M. (2010). Separation-individuation, exploration, and identity diffusion as mediators of the relationship between attachment and career indecision. Journal of Development, 36(3), 207-227.
• Erikson, E. (1960). Youth and the life cycle. Child, 7, 43-49.
• Floyd, F. J., & Widaman, K. F. (1995). Factoranalysis in the development and refinement of clinical assesment ınstruments. Psychological Assessment,7 (3), 286-299.
• Gallordo, L. O., Barrasa, A., & Guevara-Viejo, F. (2016). Positive peer relationships and academic achievement acroos early and mid-adolescence. Social Behavior and Personality, 44(10), 1637-1648.
• George, D., & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for windows step by step: A simple guide and reference. 11.0. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
• Goldberg, L. R. (1993). The Structure of Phenotypic Personality Traists. American Psychologist, 48(1), 26-34.
• Göral, F. S. (2002). The second separation-individuation process of the turkish young adults: The relationships between the perceived maternal parenting attitudes, second separation ındividuation, expanding self and experiences in the romantic relationships. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Boğaziçi Üniversitesi, İstanbul.
• Göral-Alkan, F. S. (2010). Couplinthrough projective ıdentification: bridging role of projective ıdentivication in the associations among early pranting exprerience, personality construct and couple relationship. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi), Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara.
• Grotevant, H. D., & Cooper, C. R. (1985). Patterns of interaction in family relationships and the development of ıdentity exploration in adolescence. Child Develepment, 56(2), 415.
• Josselson, R. (1980). Ego development in adolescence. In J. Adelson (Ed.), handbook of adolescent psychology(pp. 188-210). New York: Wiley.
• Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in coraiance structure analysis: Conventionel criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1-15.
• Kocayörük, E. (2010). A Turkish adaptation of the ınventory of parent and peer attachment: the reliability and validity study. Eğitim Araştırmaları-Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 40, 133-151.
• Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling: New York: Guilford Publications.
• Lapsley, D. K., & Stey, P. (2010). Separation-individuation. In I. Weiner & E. Craighead (Eds.), Corsini’s Encyclopedia of Psychology. New York: Wiley.
• Lapsley, D.K., & Edgerton, J. (2002). Separation-individuation, adult attachment style, and college adjustment. Journal of Counseling and Development, 80, 484-492.
• Larsen, R. J., Buss, D. M., Wismeijer, A., Song, J., & van den Berg, S. M. (2017). Personality Psychology: Domains of Knowledge About Human Natura. Boston: McCraw Hill Education.
• Mahler, M. S. (1968). Onhuman symbiosis and the vicissitudes of individuation. New York: International Universities Press.
• Mahler, M. S., Pine, F.,& Bergman, A. (1975). The psychological birth of the infant. New York: Basic Books.
• Mahler, M. S., Pine, F.,& Bergman, A. (2015). İnsanyavrusunun psikolojik doğumu.(A. N. Babaoğlu, Çev). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları.
• Matannah, J. F., & Hancock, G. R. (2004). Parental attachment, separation-individuation, and college student adjustment: a structural equation analysis of mediational effects.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51(2), 213-225.
• McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1997). Personality trait structure as a human universal. American Psychologist, 52(5), 509-516.
• Orbach, I. (2007). From abandonment to symbiosis: A developmental reversal in suicidal adolescents. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 24(1), 150–166.
• Ortaçsu, N. (2003). İnsan ilişkileri. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi.
• Özdamar, K. (1999). Paket programlar ile istatiksel veri analizi. Eskişehir: Kaan Kitabevi.
• Quintana, S. M., & Kerr, J. (1993). Relational needs in late adolescent separation-individuation. Journal of Counseling & Development, 71, 349-354.
• Parker, J. G., &Asher, S. R. (1987). “Peer relations and later” personal adjustment: are low-accepted children at risk?. Psychological Bulletin, 102, 357-389.
• Pine, F. (1992). Some refinements of the separation individuation concept in light of research on infants.Psychonalytic Study of the Child. 45, 179-194.
• Pine, F. (1979). On the pathology of the separation–individuation process as manifested in later clinical work: An attempt at delineation. Journal of the American Psycho analytical Association, 21, 633–645.
• Rakipi, S. (2015). Parenting styles: Their ımpact on adolescent separation and college adjustment. (Unpublished Doctoral Thesis),Capella University, Minneapolis.
• Rogers, D. L., & Ross, D. D. (1986). Encouragingpositive social interaction among young children. Young Children, 41(3), 12-17.
• Rubin, K.. H., Bukowski, W., Parker, J., ve Bowker, J.C. (2008). Peer interactions, relationships, and groups. In Damon, W. & Lerner, R. (Eds), Developmental psychology: An advanced course. New York: Wiley.
• Sabaka, S. M. (2009). Psychometric integrity of a measure of dysfunctional separation-individuatin in young adolescents. (Unpublished Doctoral Thesis), Ball State University, Muncie.
• Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluatin the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodnees- of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8 (2), 23-74.
• Sümer, N., Lajunen, T. ve Özkan, T. (2005). Big Five Personality Traits as the distal predictors of road accident involvement. G. Underwood, (Ed.), Traffi c and transport psychology: Theory and application içinde (215-227). Ellsevier.
• Stanton-Salazar, R. D., & Spina, S. U. (2005). Adolescentpeer networks as a context for social and emotional support. Youth & Society, 36(4), 379-417.
• Sümer, N. (2000). Yapısal eşitlik modelleri: Temel kavramlar ve örnek uygulamalar. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 3(6), 49-74.
• Şahin, B., & Taşkaya, S.,(2010) Sağlık çalışanlarının örgütsel adalet algılarını etkileyen faktörlerin yapısal eşitlik modeli ile incelenmesi.Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi, 13(2), 86-109.
• Şimşek, Ö. F. (2007). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş: Temel ilkeler ve LISREL uygulamaları. Ankara: Ekinoks Yayınları.
• Tofani, L. R. (2007). Complex separation, individuation processes, and anxiety disorders in young adulthood. In F. Shapiro, F. W. Kaslow & L. Maxfiled (Eds.), Handbook of EMDR and family therapy processes (pp. 265-283). New Jersey: John Wiley and Sons.
• Tokar, D. M., Withrow, J. R., Hall, R. J., & Moradi, B. (2003). Psychological separation, attachment security, vocational self-concept crystallization, and cereer indecision: A structural equation analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 50(1), 3-19.
• Ullman, J. B. (2001). Structural equation modeling . In Tabachinck, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using mulgivariate statistics (653-771). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
• Vitaro, F., Boivin, M., & Bukowski, W. M. (2009). The role of friendship in child and adolescent psychosocial development. In K. H. Rubin, W. M. Bukowski, & B. Laursen (Eds.), Social, Emotional, and personality development in context. Handbook of peer interactionsi relationships, and groups (pp. 568-585). New York: Guildford Press.
• Weinber, L. (1991). Infant development and the sense of self: Stern vs. Mahler. Clinical-Social- Work Journal,19(1), 9-22.